=

=

auro= had varied the warp with a thread of gold. — 265. Invadit attacks (him); like aggreditur, v. 92, but stronger. Altae. See on v. 97. - 266. Uxorius = like a fond husband. - 269. Numine torquet makes revolve by his divine power. -271. Teris otia dost thou waste thy time in inaction; i. e. so far as the work assigned him by destiny was concerned. — 274. Spes... Iuli. See on I. 556. — 276. Debentur; i. e. by destiny. Ore=oratione. 277. Mortales visus... reliquit = put off his human form; i. e. which he had assumed in order that he might be seen. Medio sermone; not that his speech was not finished, but used rhetorically to indicate an abrupt termination. So v. 388.-279. Amens=bewildered.-281. Abire. Gr. 552. I. A. & S. 271, R. 4. Fuga. Gr. 414. 3. A. & S. 247. 2. 283. Agat. Gr. 486. II. A. & S. 260, R. 5. So audeat. Ambire to approach indirectly.-284. Quae - sumat = what shall be the beginning of his introduction: lit. what first beginnings shall he select. -285. Dividit = turns. 286. In- versat - and hurries it in various directions and thinks of everything. 289. Aptent = (bidding) them get ready. Vocat implies a command. Gr. 529; 530. 3. 2). A. & S. 266. 2, R. 1 (b). So cogant, parent, and dissimulent. — 290. Arma = the equipments. Sit. Gr. 525. A. & S. 265. Rebus... novandis for changing their plans. — 291. Sese... tentaturum; sc. esse. The verbum sentiendi is implied in vocat. Quando - = since. -292. Nesciat ; i. e. of what is going on. Gr. 531. A. & S. 262. 2. speret does not apprehend. - 293. Aditus: her feelings). Mollissima tempora (sc. fitting moments.-294. Quis - modus ure) may be favorable for his circumstances. A. & S. 256, R. 9 (a). —297. Excepit detected. Prima first; not before any one else, but at the very moment when it was beginning to take effect. -298. Tuta (even while) secure. Eadem. See v. 173. Furenti; proleptic, expressing the effect of the news on Dido.—300. Animi. Gr. 399. 2. 2) and (3). — 301. Bacchatur. Queens often took part in Bacchanalian orgies. So Helen, VI. 517, Amata, VII. 385 foll. Commotis... sacris; because the statue and sacred insignia of the god were brought out of the temple and moved violently. The noise excites the Bacchante (Thyias, here a dissyllable), who is caught by the frenzy. 302. Audito... Baccho; i. e. when the cry, Io! Bacche, is heard. 303. Orgia; the subject of stimulant. Nocturnus Cithaeron. See on Ov. M. HI. 223; III. 702. -304. Ultro. See on II. 279.-305. Etiam strengthens dissimulare; i. e. not only to commit the wrong, but to do it secretly. -306. Tacitus. Gr. 547 and I. A. & S. 271, R. 4. —307. Dextera; with which Aeneas had

=

So speret. Non the avenues (to sint) = may be the most what mode (of procedOcius. Gr. 444. I.

=

=

=at

by night.

=

plighted his troth to Dido.-309. Quin etiam. See on G. II. 269. Moliris. See on I. 564. Here it signifies preparation accompanied with effort. Sidere === season, weather.-310. Aquilonibus. Gr. 426. 1. A. & S. 253, N. 1. It was the stormy season. 313. Undosum; emphatic.- 314. Mene fugis; i. e. is the object of your unseasonable departure not to reach Italy, but to rid yourself of me? 315. Nihil-reliqui. Dido has given up all for Aeneas. 316. Connubia was the furtive union, hymenaeos the formal rite to which she flattered herself it was a prelude; whence inceptos. — 317. Quid. Gr. 380. 2.A. & S. 232 (3). 320. Nomadum = Numidarum. 321. Tyrii; referring probably to the Carthaginians, who may be supposed to be indignant at their queen for surrendering herself and them to a stranger. Eundem. Gr. 451. 3. A. & S. 207, R. 27 (a). — 322. Exstinctus pudor; because she could no longer boåst of unblemished fidelity to her dead husband's memory. Qua sola; i. e. which was my sole title to immortality.-323. Moribundam soon to die. 324. Hoc nomen; i. e. hospes: guest.—325. Quid moror = why do I delay? i. e. to die. - 326. Destruat... ducat. Gr. 522. II. A. & S. 263. 4. Gaetulus. Iarbas was not strictly a Gaetulian. See on vv. 40, 196. By poetic license, Virg. often puts one tribe for another. - 327. Mihi — fuisset= had been born to me by thee. - 329. Tamen (= nevertheless) introduces a consolatory thought, and refers to a suppressed idea: qui, quamvis tibi non par, te tamen, etc. Ore in feature. 330. Capta ac deserta= bereft and forlorn. This sense of capta seems preferable to 66 captured," the rendering commonly given. — 331. Monitis. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. Immota...lumina. Cf. num lumina flexit, v. 369. —332. Premebat. See on I. 209.-333. Plurima. Translate as the object of promeritam (esse). Fando. Cf. II. 361.—335. Promeritam (sc, esse) = have deserved (of me); i. e. have done me many favors: referring to si bene quid de te merui, v. 317. Elissae; supposed to be Dido's original name. - 336. Dum-mei; i. e. as long as memory lasts. - 337. Pro re as circumstances allow. This interpretation harmonizes with pauca, the meaning being that the urgency of the case admits only a short reply. — 338. Speravi expected. Ne finge do not imagine (it). Parenthetical. Nec - taedas =nor did I ever cause the bridegroom's torch to be carried before (thee); i. e. I never acknowledged myself as your husband. Aut―veni = nor did enter into such (haec) a contract. For aut see on III. 43. - 340. Meis... auspiciis = by my own direction. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. I. - 341. Sponte mea=according to my own will. Componere curas to settle my troubles; i. e. to terminate them.-343. Colerem = would be inhabiting... would be honoring. Gr. 704. I. 2; 477. A. & S. 323. 1 (2) (a) ; 145.

=

- 344. Et victis =

=

and

II. So paterentur and manerent. the citadel of Troy returning (to its former state) I myself (manu) would have rebuilt for the vanquished. 345. Gryneus; from Grynia or Grynium, a town of Aetolis, in Asia Minor, famed for a grove and shrine sacred to Apollo.—346. Lyciae. See on v. 143. Capessere to make for. Sortes oracles. 347. Hic. Gr. 445.4. A. & S. 206 (8). Amor. See on E. VII. 21.-349. Tandem. See on I. 331. — 350. Invidia= jealousy. Et=also; i. e. as well as you. 353. Turbida: = agitated. — 354. Capitis; suggesting the idea of personal loss. Cf. capitis deminutio.—355. Regno. Gr. 419. 3 and 1). A. & S. 251. Fatalibus destined. - 356. Interpres the spokesman; Mercury. -357. Testor - caput = I swear by each head; i. e. mine and thine.—358. Manifesto in lumine. Cf. III. 151. — 360. Incendere; referring here to the agitation of grief. — 362. Aversa= askançe. - 364. Luminibus tacitis for ipsa tacita. Sic; with accensa. Profatur. Gr. 467. III. A. & S. 145. I. 3. Tuetur and pererrat are to be explained by Gr. 467. 2 and A. & S. 145. I. 2. —366. Cautibus. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. 1.—367. Caucasus. See on G. II. 440. Hyrcanae. Hyrcania was on the S. and S. E. shores of the Caspian sea. — - 368. Quid dissimulo why do I hide my feelings; i. e. as if there were likely to be any greater occasion (majora) to call them forth.-369. Lumina flexit. See on v. 331.—371. Quae anteferam = what shall I say first? i. e. to what feelings shall I first give utterance? lit. what shall I bear before what? Jam jam. See on II. 701. — 372. Aequis = just.—373. Tuta = firm, reliable. Ejectum. Cf. I. 578. Litore. Gr. 422. 3. A. & S. 254, R. 3. Egentem. Cf. I. 599.-376. Furiis... feror. See on v.110. Augur Apollo. See on Hor. C. I. 2. 32. 379. Scilicet - of course: ironical. Is labor... ea cura. See on II. 171.380. Te; emphatic.—382.

=

=

=

Quid. G. 380. 2. A. & S. 232 (3). Pia. See on II. 536. - 383. Hausurum. G. 545. 2. A. & S. 239, R. 1. Nomine. Gr. 414. 3. A. & S. 247. 2. Dido. Gr. 92. 3. A. & S. 69, Ex. 3.-384. Sequar - ignibus; i. e. she will haunt him like a fury with funereal torches, alive (absens) or dead (umbra). Atris; because smoky. Absens. See on v. 83. — 387. Haec... fama for hujus rei fama. See on II. 171. Manes the infernal regions. Imos. Gr. 441. 6. A. & S. 205, R. 17).· - 388. Medium... sermonem. See on v. 277. Dictis. Gr. 414. 3. A. & S. 247. 2. Auras; for lucem. 390. Multa. Gr. 380. 2. A. & S. 232 (3). So v. 395. Join with cunctantem. Metu; i. e. of making matters worse.—392. Thalamo. Gr. 379. 5. A. & S. 225. IV. R. 2. -394. Dictis-curas. Cf. II. 775.-397. Tum vero implies that Aeneas's coming stimulated the crews to fresh exertions. Incumbunt; absolutely. 398. Dedu

=

cunt. See on I. 551. Observe the effect of spondees in the former, and of dactyls in the latter, half of the line. — 399. Remos; i.e. timber for oars. -401. Cernas. The present gives greater vividness to the expression than the imperf., which is the usual construction. Gr. 486. 4. A. & S. 260, R. 2. -402. Ac velut... quum. See on I. 148. —404. It... convectant. Gr. 461. A. & S. 209, R. II and (2). -405. Cf. G. I. 380.-406. Agmina cogunt= rally the (straggling) ranks. -407. Moras; for morantes; abstract for concrete. Fervet = glows. -409. Fervere. See on G. I. 456. -410. Prospiceres... videres. See on v. 401. Arce. Dido's palace was in the citadel, like Priam's, II. 760. After recovering from her prostration she mounts the roof. - 411. Misceri... clamoribus, like gemitu· miscetur, II. 486. 412. Quid. See on III. 56. -413. Ire... in lacrimas = to have recourse to tears. Cf. V. 782.-414. Animos = her haughty spirit; somewhat as we talk of spirits. 415. Frustra moritura. She would die in vain, or without any occasion for dying, should she leave any means untried, by which Aeneas might be won back. —418. Nautae — coronas ; in token of joy at their departure. Cf. G. I. 304, where the wreaths express joy at the return from a long voyage. -419. Hunc - potero if I have been able (as I have) to look forward to this crushing sorrow, I shall be able to bear it too, my sister. - 420. Tamen (though I shall finally conquer my grief) yet. -422. Colere : accustomed to esteem, put confidence in. See on G. I. 200. 423. Viri- tempora : the fitting moments to approach the man. See on v. 293. The approach is called mollis, because it is then that the man is mollis. Molles belongs to tempora as well as to aditus. —424. Hostem. He is no longer even hospes, v. 323. Superbum; referring to his obduracy, which she ascribes to haughty disdain. —425, 426. Non-misi. He could not treat his sworn foes worse; and I am none of them. Aulide; a seaport town of Boeotia, the rendezvous of the Grecian fleet before sailing for Troy.—427. Revelli I did dig up... disquiet; the latter being a consequence of the former. Gr. 704. I. 2, A. & S. 323. I (2) (a). There was a story that Diomedes actually did this. -429. Munus = favor. — 431. Non jam =no longer. Antiquum = former. Prodidit = has played false. -432. Careat forego. -433. Tempus inane=a season of inaction ; i, e. a time when he will do nothing, and when she may consequently breathe. Requiem spatiumque=a space for resting; like aditus et tempora, v. 423.-434. Fortuna is the fortune of being baffled (victam), and the lesson to be taught is how to bear defeat. -436. Quam - remittam I which when thou shalt have given me, I will at my death repay with interest (cumulatam). Perhaps the sense is intentionally obscure, her meaning

=

=

=

=was

being that her return for Anna's kindness will be that she will kill herself, and so rid her sister of the burden. The passage is regarded as the most troublesome and difficult in Virgil. The genuineness of the text is doubtful. — 437. Fletus tearful appeals. -438. Fertque refertque; i. e. bears repeatedly from Dido, not from Aeneas. 439. Aut. See on III. 43. Tractabilis = yielding, exorable. 440. Placidas = kind, humane; expressing the general characteristic of the man. Deus is general. — 443. Altae is proleptic. It may, however, merely mean the towering foliage. -445. Quantum -tendit. Cf. G. II. 291, 292. Auras aetherias. See on I. 546. — 449. Lacrimae ; i. e. Dido's. — 450. Exterrita maddened.

=

=

451. Convexa = the vault. Cf. VI. 241. Coeli convexa is the same as lucem in next line. -452. Peragat... relinquat. The same latitude which allows the present to be used historically for the past in the indicative is sometimes extended to the other modes. Gr. 481. IV. A. & S. 258, R. 1 (a) and R. 3 (d). —453. Imponeret aris. Cf. I. 49. — 455. Obscenum. See on G. I. 470. Here it may also express the notion of foulness. — 457. Tectis ; i. e. the open court in the palace. De-templuma marble chapel. —458. Antiqui. See on v. 431. Cf. also v. 633.-459. Velleribus with woollen fillets. Festa fronde. Cf. II. 249. —462. Culminibus; i. e. of the palace. -463. Queri; sc. visa est. Longas... ducere to prolong; longas being proleptic.-464. Priorum. Dido's mind is haunted with the remembrance of old predictions. The common reading is piorum. — 465. Agit: drives, pursues. — 468. Tyrios; i. e. her Tyrian subjects, who have forsaken her. -469. Eumenidum. See on Ov. M. X. 46. Pentheus. See Introd. to Ov. M. III. 582 foll. and on Hor. E. I. 16. 73. Verse 470 is a translation of a passage in the Bacchae of Euripides. -471. Scenis agitatus driven over the stage. See on III. 331.-474. Concepit furias has become mad. See on I. 41. Evicta. See on II. 630.-475. Modum. See on v. 294. —476. Exigit=settles. -479. Reddat. Gr. 501. I. A. & S. 264. 1 (a) and (b). — 480. Oceani finem. See on G. II. 122. —481. Atlas. See on v. 247. -482. Axem = heaven. See on II. 512. with, fastened to; here a participle from the Massylae = Libyan; the special term for the general. See on v. 132.-484. Templi of the sacred enclosure; i. e. the garden of the Hesperides. Que; connecting custos and quae dabat.—485. Sacros; i. e. to Juno, to Venus, or to Earth, according to different accounts. Servabat. She preserved the golden apples by inducing the dragon to preserve them; and he is induced by being fed with dainties. —486. Spargens = by sprinkling; i. e. on the food. See on Hor. A. P. 375. —487. Carminibus=by her incanta

=

Aptum connected obsolete apo. —483.