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or Holly; we will now fay a word or two, as to the method of raifing the HOLLY UNDER THE CRAB OF HAWTHORN. This may be done two ways; either by fowing the berries, when the quick is planted; or by inferting the plants themselves, the enfuing midfummer. The firft is by much the fimpleft, and perhaps, upon the whole, the best method, The feeds may either be fcattered among the roots of the deciduous plants, or be fown in a drill in front of them and if plants of Holly be put in, they may either be planted between those of the Crab, &c. or otherwise in front, in the quincunx manner; the tablet of the offset, when a ditch is made ufe of, being left broad for that purpose.

IF the FURZE be made ufe of, as an affiftant Hedge wood, it is better to fow the feed on the back of the bank, than upon the top of it; for, in this cafe, it is more apt to overhang the young plants, in the face of the bank; while, in the other, it is better fituated, to answer the purpofe intended; namely, that of guarding the back of the bank, as well as of preventing its being torn down by cattle. The method of fowing the feed is this: Chop a drill, with a fharp fpade, about two thirds of the way up the back of the bank, making the cleft gape as wide as may be, fo as not to break off the lip; and having the feed in a quart bottle, ftopt with a cork and goofe quill, or with a perforated wooden stop

per,

per, trickle it along the drill; covering it by means of a broom, drawn gently above, and over, the mouth of the drill. This is better than closing the drill entirely with the back of the fpade, the feeds being fufficiently covered, without being shut up too clofe, while the mouth of the drill is left open, to receive the rain water which falls on the top of the bank. One pound of feed will fow about forty ftatute rods. What in Norfolk is called the French feed is the beft, as the plants from this feldom mature their feeds, in this country; and confequently are lefs liable to fpread over the adjoining inclofure. It may be had at the feed shops, in London, for about fifteen pence a pound.

IF a fence be required of Furze alone, a fimilar drill fhould be fown on the other fide of the bank; and when the plants are grown up, the fides fhould be cut alternately.

II. THUS much as to planting the FENCE; we now proceed to the method of planting HEDGEROW TIMBER. It has already been given in opinion, that no fituation whatever is better adapted to the raifing of fhip timber, than Hedges; and we are clearly of opinion, that, in these alone, a fufficient fupply, of crooked timbers at least, might be raised, to furnifh perpetually the Navy of Great

Britain.

Britain. It is a ftriking fact, that in Norfolk, where there is very little Oak, except what grows in the Hedges, and even in thefe, for one timber tree there are ten pollards, yet the country experiences no want of Oak timber.

BUT while we recommend the Oak, as eligible to be planted in Hedges, we condemn, as unfit for that purpose, every other tree (except, perhaps, the Aquatics in a marfh, the Beech and Pine tribe upon a barren mountain, or the Elm where Oak has lately occupied the foil) and more efpecially the Afh; not only as being the greatest enemy to the farmer, but because the excellency of Ash timber arifes from a length of ftem, and cleannefs of grain groves, therefore, and not Hedges, are the natural fituation of the Ash.

THE method of raifing the Oak in Hedges, may either be by fowing the acorns, or planting the feedlings, at the time of planting the fence wood: we would wish to recommend the practice of both; namely, to plant a well rooted thriving nursery plant (fuch as has previously been tapped and transplanted) at the distance of every statute rod; and, at the fame time, to dibble round each plant three or four acorns, to guard against a mifcarriage, and to give the judicious woodman a choice in the propereft plant to be trained.

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THIS distance may be objected to, as being toớ close; and fo it may in a deciduous Hedge; but, in a Holly Hedge, we would not wish to fee Oaks ftand at a greater diftance; for, fituated in a Hedge, they have unlimited room to spread on either fide; and, by standing near each other, they are more likely to throw out main branches, fit for fhip timber, than they would if they had full head room. For this reafon, it might not be amifs to plant at every half rod, and, when the Hedge is perceived to begin to fuffer, to thin them in the manner moft conducive to the ends propofed, holding jointly in view the Fence and the Timber.

SECTION THE THIRD.

DEFENDING THE YOUNG PLANTS.

LITTLE more remains to be said upon this head. The ditch, bank, and dwarf hedge have already been fully defcribed; and this is by much the cheapeft, and a very effectual, method, where it can be conveniently practifed; but where the nature of the foil is fuch, that a ditch fufficiently deep, to defend the young plants, cannot be funk but at too great an expence, fome other expedient muft be fought for.

POSTS

Posts and rails, wound with bushes in the Yorkshire manner, are an effectual fence; but they are expensive in the extreme.

IN Surrey and Kent, the prevailing practice is to fet a strong ftake-and-edder Hedge behind the quickfets, and throw rough bushes into a fhallow ditch, in front: this in a coppice-wood country may be done at a reasonable expence; but it is by no means effectual.

IN fome places, wattle Hedges are used; and in. others furze faggots, fet in clofe order, are found effectual, for this purpose: in fhort, almoft every country affords its own peculiar materials, and every judicious planter will endeavour to find out those which are most eligible for the given fituation.

SECTION THE FOURTH.

THE METHOD OF TRAINING.

MUCH, very much indeed, depends upon this part of the bufinefs: nevertheless, it is the common idea of planters of hedges, everywhere, that, having performed the business of planting, and

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