Move upward working out the beast,

And let the ape and tiger die."

43. "The poet, like a delighted boy, brings you heaps of rainbow bubbles, opaline, air-borne, spherical as the world, instead of a few drops of soap and water.”

44. "An idea steeped in verse becomes suddenly more incisive and more brilliant; the iron becomes steel."

45. "Good-by to Flattery's fawning face;
To Grandeur with his wise grimace;
To upstart Wealth's averted eye;
To supple office, low and high."

46. "Language is fossil poetry. As the limestone of the continent consists of infinite masses of the shells of animalcules, so language is made up of images, or tropes, which now, in their secondary use, have long since ceased to remind us of their poetic origin."

47. “Nature is sanative, refining, elevating. How cunningly she hides every wrinkle of her inconceivable antiquity under roses, and violets, and morning dew! Every inch of the mountain is scarred by unimaginable convulsions, yet the new day is purpled with the bloom of youth and love."

48. "I hear the tread of pioneers

Of nations yet to be,

The first low wash of waves, where soon

Shall roll a human sea.

"The rudiments of empire here

Are plastic yet and warm;

The chaos of a mighty world
Is rounding into form."

49. "We have rolled on life's journey,

- how fast and how far!

One round of humanity's many-wheeled car,
But up-hill and down-hill, through rattle and rub,
Old true Twenty-niners! we 've stuck to our hub!

"While a brain lives to think or a bosom to feel,
We will cling to it still like the spokes of a wheel!
And age, as it chills us, shall fasten the tire
That youth fitted round in his circle of fire."

50. This many-diapasoned maze,

Through which the breath of being strays,
Whose music makes our earth divine,

Has work for mortal hands like mine.
My duty lies before me.

Lo,

The lever there! take hold and blow!
And He whose hand is on the keys
Will play the tune as He shall please."

51. "And if I should live to be

52.

"The snow had begun in the gloaming,
And busily all the night

Had been heaping field and highway
With a silence deep and white.

"Every pine and fir and hemlock

Wore ermine too dear for an earl,
And the poorest twig on the elm tree
Was ridged inch deep with pearl.

"I thought of a mound in sweet Auburn
Where a little headstone stood;

How the flakes were folding it gently,

As the robins the babes in the wood.

"Up spoke our own little Mabel,

Saying, 'Father, who makes it snow?'
And I told her of the good All-Father
Who cares for us here below.

53.

66

· Again I looked at the snowfall,

And thought of the leaden sky
That arched o'er our first great sorrow,
When the mound was heaped so high.
“I remembered the gradual patience

That fell from that cloud like snow,
Flake by flake, healing and hiding

The scar of our deep-plunged woe."

“The Puritan revolt had made us ecclesiastically, and the Revolution politically, independent, but we were still socially and intellectually moored to English thought, till Emerson cut the cable and gave us a chance at the dangers and the glories of blue water. No man young enough to have felt it can forget or cease to be grateful for the mental and moral nudge which he received from the writings of his high-minded and brave-spirited countryman." 54. "We have said that the Transcendental Movement was the Protestant spirit of Puritanism seeking a new outlet and an escape from forms and creeds which compressed rather than expressed it." 56. "Ah! if our souls but poise and swing Like the compass in its brazen ring,

Ever level and ever true

To the toil and task we have to do,

We shall sail securely and safely we reach

The Fortunate Isles, on whose shining beach
The sights we see and sounds we hear,
Will be those of joy and not of fear.”

57. "Your mind is tossing on the ocean;

58.

There where your argosies with portly sail,
Like seigniors and rich burghers on the flood,
Or, as it were, the pageants of the sea,

Do overpeer the petty traffickers,

That courtesy to them, do them reverence,

As they fly by with their woven wings."

"He would be crown'd;

How that might change his nature, there's the question;
It is the bright day that brings forth the adder."

CONCLUSION.

The first chapter dealt with the Organizing Principle; and in that chapter, the unity of the whole was ascertained and the phases of it developed. These phases, Purpose, Thought, and Language, have been treated in relation to each other as organic parts of discourse. A few statements in conclusion are necessary to bring the phases together in one view, and thus return our thought to the unity of the whole from which we started. Besides, this will point the application of the science of discourse to the student's use of construction and analysis. So far, the laws have been applied separately to each of the phases of discourse. The student, in his future course of composition and reading, should consciously apply the theory presented in the preceding pages. To this end, a brief summary and general outline are here given, together with one illustration of their application to a piece of discourse.

Discourse was defined to be the expression of thought in language with a definite aim; or, the expression of thought in language for the purpose of communication. This gave unity to our theme and, at the same time, the basis for its subdivision into the phases, Purpose, Thought, and Language. Purpose was found to be the most fundamental idea; Thought and Language being organized as means about Purpose as an end. This gave rise to three kinds of discourse, having dif

ferent qualities of thought and language in adaptation to the three ends for which thought is communicated. The whole may be summarized in the following:—

UNIVERSAL OUTLINE OF DISCOURSE.

I. PROSE.I. Purpose, to instruct, to present truth for its own sake; (1) to present individuals to the sensuous or picturing imagination; (2) to present classes to the judgment; (3) to present universals to the reason Popular, Scientific, and Philosophical

Prose.

2. Thought, matter-of-fact truth presented for its own sake by the logical laws of thought, — individuals presented in their statical relations by Description, and in their dynamical relation by Narration; generals presented for their own sake by Exposition, and in their application, to test truth by Argumentation.

3. Expression, Clear, with Elegance and Energy subordinate.

II. POETRY.—1. Purpose, to please as an end— to touch the esthetic emotions instruction a means.

2. Thought, idealized truth appealing to the intuitions, and presented by means of Exposition through the subordinate process of Exemplification.

3. Expression, Elegant, with Clearness and Energy subordinate, the ideal, universal truth presented to the mind through individual forms.

III. ORATORY.-I. Purpose, to move the will to some definite action — instruction and esthetic pleasure being means.