of this pamphlet views it as the effect of excitement. This much is clear, that an instantaneous, a notable and marvellous cure was wrought without any visible means, and it will perhaps require more credulity to believe that simple excitement was its cause, than faith in the divine power to assign it to the agency of God. We by no means consider that the writer has been successful in his attempt.

10. The Family Baptist, &c. &c., by George Newbury, (Westley, London,) goes over the old ground, rendered bare by the multitude of travellers, who, having floundered in this morass, have escaped with scarcely a dry garment. The author advances nothing new, and it is to be regretted that so much time should be spent on a subject, by no means essential to salvation. 11. Cambrian Superstitions, comprising Ghosts, Omens, Witchcrafts, Traditions, &c. of the Principality, by W. Howelis, (Longman, London,) being a book which deals in the marvellous, will, therefore, always find readers. The author does not give his relations as facts, but as subjects of tradition and popular belief. Every country has its legendary tales, which amuse by creating an excitement. This is a specimen of Welsh wonders; but we do not think that, in romantic extravagance, the tales can equal the productions of Ireland.

12. Twenty-two Short Discourses upon Scripture Passages, by Charles Hubbard, (Hatchard, London,) are intrinsically excellent, entering into the spirituality of our most holy religion, and inculcating experience, faith, and practice. This unpretending volume contains more sterling and useful truth, than many a splendid tome, decorated with ecclesiastical titles, and charged five times five shillings.

13. Lectures on the Christian Sabbath, by William Thorn, (Holdsworth, London,) appears before us in the seventh edition. This is an honour, which works pretending to utility, but deficient in what they promise, very rarely attain. The author views the sabbath under its various dispensations, and proves the institution to be of divine appointment, and of lasting obligation. Ob. jections urged against its observance, he manfully meets, on the grounds of antiquity, general concurrence, and practical utility. It is an elaborate treatise, written with affectionate simplicity, and its seven editions prove that it has been favourably received; but, we may add, not more so than it

deserves.

14. A Treatise on the Natural and Chemical Property of Water, &c., by Abraham Booth, (Wightman, London,)

places this necessary of human life before us in a more transparent state than the inhabitants of London are ever allowed to drink it. The purity, pollution, and chemical properties of water, in various places, and under varied impregnations, the author distinctly examines, and points out. The researches displayed in this work are very extensive, and the reasonableness of the author's observations entitles them to much respect. In addition to the history and analyses of medicinal and other waters, which this volume contains, we should have been glad if the author had furnished some simple tests, by which the purity, or different impurities, of water might be detected.

15. The Essay on " The Signs of Conversion and Unconversion, in Ministers of the Church, to which was awarded the Premium of a Society in 1811, by the Rev. Samuel Charles Wilks, M.A., (Hatchard, London,) contains such prominent and discriminating marks, that no one can mistake the one for the other, or find them blended in the same individual. The result says, "Ye cannot serve God and mammon." Mr. Wilks follows the minister in his private and public character, in his closet and his pulpit, in his family and among his parishioners, in his doctrines and manner of enforcing them, and makes the whole the criterion of his intrinsic worth. 16. Objections to Unitarian Christianity Considered, by William Ellery Channing, D.D., (Hunter, London,) is a small pamphlet, written as an apology for the Unitarians. The author intimates that their principles have been misrepresented, that they advocate all the moral duties inculcated in the gospel, and only reject dogmas which have no real foundation in the word of God. The pamphlet contains nothing that is new, and scarcely places any thing that is old in a new light.

17. The Bury Melodies, adapted for Public and Family Worship; an esteemed piece, "Resolve," composed and arranged for the Voice, Organ, Piano, &c., by W. J. White, (Bates, London,) are certainly not discreditable to the author, whose aim is to promote good congregational singing. Mr. White is already known to the public, and we feel persuaded that these compositions will advance him in their esteem, and increase between them the already subsisting harmony.

18. Address of Earl Stanhope, Presi dent of the Medico-Botanical Society, for the Anniversary Meeting, Jan. 16, 1831, (Wilson, London,) presents to the public a luminous display of botanical knowledge. It states the medical virtues of plants, bark,

and roots, hitherto but little known in this country, and illustrates their efficacy in cases of hydrophobia, and the poisonous bites of serpents. The society offers a gold medal for the best essay on any vegetable that shall be employed with success in the cure of hydrophobia, and a silver medal for the best essay on the medicinal qualities of any indigenous plant but imperfectly known, and the uses to which it may be applied.

19. Prayer the best Refuge in Trouble, a Sermon, by William Robinson, (Mason, London,) furnishes us with a cursory glance at God's dealings with his people of old, and at the defence and protection which they experienced while trusting in him. From these premises, the author infers our duty to confide in God under every trouble, from a conviction that he will either avert, remove, or enable us to bear the evil. It is a plain, rational, common-sense discourse.

20. A Good Refuge in Bud Times, (Book Society, London,) like the preceding article, directs the reader to put his trust in God. The advantages resulting from this reposing confidence, in seasons of distress, is illustrated by several affecting incidents. The author's reasonings are well supported by scripture, and by the warmth of exhor

tation.

21. The Time of Trouble, a Sermon, preached before the House of Commons, A.D. 1655, by the Rev. Edward Reynolds, D.D., (Tract Society, London,) would not have been now reprinted if it had not imbodied some superior excellences. These may be found in the fervour of its piety, the cogency of its reasoning, and the vigour of its language.

26. Portraits of the Royal Family, by J. P. Hemms, (Harding, London,) exhibit another series of elegant penmanship, by Mr. Hemms, whose former efforts of genius, and command of hand, we have more than once had occasion to notice. These superb sheets contain portraits of all the male branches of the royal family. Of their fidelity in likeness, we can only judge by comparing them with other portraits of the same illustrious individuals, and so far, in most of them, we can trace a strong resemblance. It is, however, by the beauty of the penmanship that the reader's attention will be chiefly attracted, and this, in all its bold and almost invisible strokes, as well as in the varied forms of the letters, is of the most superlative character. Hemms may rival Hemms, but with this exception, these specimens may be pronounced inimitable.

27. Sermons on the Death of the late Rev. Robert Hall, by J. P. Mursell,

(Hamilton,) Joseph Hughes, A. M. (Holdsworth,) J. E. Giles, (Bagster,) Bosworth, (Westley,) Thomas Swan, (Hamilton, London,) all evince how highly the late Mr. Hall was esteemed, and how sincerely his death is deplored. Into the comparative merits of these five discourses we have no intention to institute an inquiry. In each we could easily find some distinguishing excellence, but their authors are not rivals: and we are fully persuaded that they have not written to court the paltry hectic of applause. The occasion was great and solemn, and this solemnity each author has endeavoured to infuse into his discourse, and to impress on the minds of his hearers. Of death, in connexion with its concomitants and effects, they have taken distinct but appropriate views, and adverted to the subject of their discourses in the varied peculiarities of his superior talents, and the amiable features of his christian character. In each sermon, the pious reader will find much to gratify his inquiries, and to stimulate a desire that he may die the death of the righteous, and that his last end be like that of Robert Hall.

28. Third Quarterly Report of the Protestant Colonization Society of Ireland, (Courtney, London,) has a noble object in view, which is expressed in the title-page. It aims at the welfare of the Irish, and, if liberally supported, there can be no doubt that it will be productive of much good to the Irish peasantry.

REMARKS ON THE CHARACTER OF
KLOPSTOCK,

A PRINCIPAL ingredient in the cup of earthly bliss, arises from the union of two hearts, so constituted by nature and refined by education, as to impart pleasure, and communicate delight to each other, in the retired privacy of the domestic circle. It is this which cheers the otherwise tedious and disconsolate hours of affliction and distress; that alleviates the pressure of misfortune; that tends to dissipate the cares and anxieties of life; and in some measure to brighten the dark and repulsive prospect which surrounds the precincts of the grave.

But it is only in some few instances, that we see the comparatively uninterrupted happiness in the wedded life practically exemplified. The main hinderances which make such frequent discord in the married state, and conjugal harmony so seldom realized, is, because there is too much needless jealousy, and a studied attempt to thwart the

wishes, and bias the opinions, of each other; petty faults are often magnified into enormous crimes; peace becomes expatriated from under their roof; misery, with hatred, succeeds; and alienation of affection follows in its train. But how pleasing is the contrast, when we have an opportunity presented to us, of observing such interesting objects as those who have elicited these few remarks; their extreme paucity invests them with attractions of no common kind in our eyes; they appear like some verdant spot, enamelled with flowers of every hue, amid universal sterility, where the grizly genius of desolation asserts his power.

Of all the characteristic sketches of domestic harmony, affection, and fidelity, that I ever perused, there is none which surpasses that which subsisted between Klopstock, the great German author, and his consort, the lovely Meta. It is one of the most singularly beautiful and graceful pictures of perfect cordiality, joined with the most unfeigned love, innocence, and purity, that can possibly be detached from the chequered scenes of human life, to be held up to rivet the attention, and fix the imitation of man, so as to copy its beauties, to aim at its excellences, and to impress its lineaments in permanent colours on the memory; while under this terrene economy,-while "subject to all the frailties that flesh is heir to." Their minds appear to have been blended in the most sympathetic union, and their tempers to have amalgamated in such a manner that there existed but little alloy. Hence, the low and vulgar cavils, which common and baser minds frequently engage in with such eager ferocity, were entirely excluded; discord never uttered its dolorous sounds within their habitation, and jealousy never entered on their peaceful retreat.

They possessed a certain affinity of mind, and congeniality of taste, for studious habits and mental pursuits, which made the literary labours in which he engaged much more pleasant and delightful, when he knew she felt an equal and corresponding interest in the theme which engrossed his attention, and occupied his thoughts. For the task of criticism, in pointing out inaccuracies and suggesting emendations, she was well qualified; and in this respect her assistance was invaluable, from the delicacy of her taste, the solidity of her judgment, her varied and extensive learning, and the critical acumen which she generally displayed. It is generally agreed, that by sympathy and participation with an object we love, venerate, and esteem, we give to the thoughts a more exalted tone, and an unusual fecundity to the buds of genius and the flowers of ima

gination; and when engaged in any arduous task, that requires an uncommon exertion of the faculties, perhaps, from this source is derived some of the most blissful emotions allotted to man while on earth.

Intellectual endowments in women, are always destined to fascinate and command respect with men of intelligence and sense, far more than what mere exterior beauty can produce; because the former is fitted to survive in undecaying loveliness, when the latter has become tarnished and faded in the lapse of years. But, from what we can gather from his poems written upon this excellent and gifted woman, and from the concurrence of other sources of information, nature had bestowed on her considerable personal charms, added to extreme delicacy, sensibility, and tenderness, which her published letters fully indicate. With such a companion and helpmate, it was next to impossible, but that an individual so situated must have been peculiarly blessed, and ardently attached to her whom he espoused.

Thus, these two amiable and affectionate beings sojourned on earth together, in the bonds of mutual love and reciprocal regard, delighting, animating, and cheering each other in their progress through this unquiet world. The wife of this great and good man died some years previous to himself; but, by his own express desire, he was interred in the same grave along with her whom he loved; so that it might very appropriately be said, "in death they were not divided." Their attachment, though separated for a time by the wide and cheerless Jordan of death, (the grave being not the final termination of their happiness, but the medium by which they attained to the ultimate completion of their felicity,) was still inseparable and indissoluble, in that sense of the word to which the apostle applies it, when he says, "though absent in body, yet present in spirit." Absorbed in the pleasing anticipation that she was completely happy, and that her pure spirit hovered near him, tended materially to diminish the intensity of his grief, and to console him for the deprivation he had sustained.

At last, in a good old age, he died the death of the righteous, "with an hope full of immortality," and his remains were attended to the grave by the highest official characters in the wealthy and populous city of Hamburgh, including civil, military, and clerical, with a dense mass of spectators seldom congregated; the whole evincing the unequivocal respect which they paid to exalted talents, and the profound veneration which, as a good man and a Christian, his

character demanded. Without doubt, these two lovely specimens of our race, are now in the regions of eternal blessedness, associated with those high and holy spirits, who have exchanged the sorrows of mortality for the joys of immortality, partaking with them of those unsatiating pleasures, that inexpressible bliss, and those interminable delights, which are reserved for them who here have been "followers of them who, through faith and patience, shall there inherit the promises." But, blessed be God, we have his unfailing assurance, that these seeds of divine origin, that are now laid in the earth, shall shortly germinate and fructify, together with other celestial plants, in order to be placed in the paradise of God; or, in his own beautiful and expressive language on the resurrection of the body, "seed sown by God, to ripen for the harvest."

In the Christian life, they were eminently holy; distinguished servants of the Most High, uniformly displaying the unswerving constancy of the disciple, with the unshrinking fortitude of the martyr. Religion was what most conspicuously predominated in their conversation, and which visibly beautified and adorned their characters. It was this which added dignity to their deportment, and which now throws a kind of splendid halo around the most trivial circumstances connected with the remembrance of these two esteemed and virtuous persons. The bright array of the Christian virtues shone pre-eminent in them, so as to present one concentrated focus,strong, influential, and powerful,-which warmed cheered, and edified, those who came within the reach of their influence. These sacred irradiations of mind did not occupy an insulated position, so as to make the one appear rather redundant, and the other somewhat defective and misplaced, but so magnified as to be consistent, and so displayed as to exhibit an exquisite pattern" of the beauty of holiness." They were, to borrow an image from the vast and sublime scenery of the heavens, like the stars which we sometimes behold in the firmament, partially obscured by an intervening cloud, while others are still apparent and visible; but even while we stand gazing on the stupendous glories of this enchanting scene, suddenly the clouds disperse,-the intercepting medium vanishes,-and instantly we discern the whole of those innumerable orbs bright and twinkling, each dispensing its light according to its bulk and distance.

Klopstock was a man of distinguished abilities, as a scholar, a philosopher, and a

poet. His imagination was peculiarly vivid, brilliant, and susceptible. The work on which his fame as a writer principally depends, is the "Messiah ;" and this will remain a lasting and imperishable monument, to all generations, of his sincere piety and elevated genius. It possesses considerable originality of design; the outline is grand, bold, and majestic. Elegance shines, and intellect beams, in almost every page of that great composition. In many parts it contains some of the most glowing delineations, of the life and sufferings, the death and resurrection, of our Saviour, such, perhaps, as were never equalled in any other book extant. The incidents are so well chosen, there is such a depth of pathos, such bursts of eloquence, and variety of imagery, that it irresistibly rivets the attention of the reader, while it captivates, edifies, and instructs the heart. THOMAS ROYCE.

Leicester, April 9th, 1831.

GLEANINGS.

Patent for Making Bricks.-A patent has lately been taken out by Mr. S. R. Bakewell, of No. 9, Whiskin-street, Northampton-square, London, for en apparatus and appurtenances for making brick earth; 2, for a press for the consolidation of bricks; and 3. for a spring brick-mould. Of these inventions the committee of the National Repository,' Charing-cross, speak in very high terms, as promis

ing great practical utility.

Temperance Society.-The London Temperance Society intend to hold their first public meeting in Exeter Hall, about the middle of June.-The committee will take an early opportunity of advertising the precise day.

Sunday School Jubilee.-September 14th, 1831, being the anniversary of the birth day of Robert Raikes, Esq. the founder of Sunday schools, it is intended that his memory shall be honoured with a jubilee by all the children belonging to the Sunday school Union. Particulars will be made known in time.

Polar Bears. In 1788, Captain Cook, of the Archangel, when near the coast of Spitzbergen, found himself suddenly be ween the paws of a bear. He instantly called upon the surgeon who accompanied him to fire; which the latter did with such admirable promptitude and precision, that he shot the beast through the head, and delivered the Captain. Mr. Hawkins, of the Everthorpe, in July, 1818, having pursued and twice struck a large bear, had raised his lance for a him by the thigh, and threw him over his head into third blow, when the animal sprang forward. seized

the water. Fortunately it used this advantage only to effect its own escape. Captain Scoresby mentions a

boat's crew which attacked a hear in the Spitzbergen sides of the boat, all the sailors threw themselves for

Sea; but the animal having succeeded in climbing the safety into the water, where they hung by the gunwale. The victor entered triumphantly, and took possession of the barge, where it sat quietly till it was shot by another party. The same writer mentions the ingenious contrivance of a sailor, who, being pursued by one of those creatures, threw down successively his hat, jacket, handkerchief, and every other article in his possession, when the brute pausing

at each, gave the sailor always a certain advantage, and enabled him finally to regain the vessel.Edin

burgh Cabinet Library; Polar Sea and Regions.

Dram-drinking.-At a late meeting in Manchester, the practice of dram drinking was reprobated in very forcible terms, and, among other proofs of its bad consequences, it was stated that, according to authentic records, about twenty deaths were caused by it annually in that town alone. Two dram shops in Manchester, it was mentioned. sold £120 worth of ardent spirits in one day; another took on an average £150 per day; and at another, in one day in June fast, customers had entered at the rate of 500 per

hour, of which number sixth-tenths were men, three-tenths respectable looking females, and onetenth girls!

National Tastes respecting Animal Food.-Every thing that moves in earth, air, or sea, is devoured by man. In some valleys of the Alps, the rearing of snails is carried on as a trade, and in the month of September they are sent down the Danube to Vienna and Hungary, where they are sold as an article of luxurious food. In South America, nothing in the shape of life comes wrong to them: they eat serpents, lizards, and ounces; and Humboldt has seen children drag enormous centipides out of their holes, and cranch them up. At Emeraldi, their delicate morceau is a roasted monkey. Puppies, on the Missouri and Mississippi, are choice food. Horse-flesh, in Arabia; elephants flesh, in India; camels' flesh, in Egypt. The Pariahs of Hindostan contend for putrid carrion with dogs, vultures, and kites, The Chinese devour cats, dogs, rats, and serpents; bears' paws, birds' nests, and sea-shy, are dainty bits. The inhabitants of Cochin China prefer rotten eggs to fresh. The Tonquinese, and inhabitants of Madagascar, prefer locusts to the finest fish. In Australia, a good fat gull would be preferred to every thing else; and in the West Indies, a large caterpillar found on the palm is esteemed a luxury; while the edible nests of the Java swallow are so rich a dainty, that the ingredients of the dish will cost £15. The quantity of frogs seen in the markets of the Continent is immense. At Terracina, the host asks his guest whether he prefers the eel of the hedge or that of the river. The astronomer De la Lande was remarkably fond of spiders. Great Britain even transcends her continental neighbours. The "braxy" of Scotland is putrid mutton, the sheep having died of the rot; game or venison is seldom relished till it is "high," or, in honest language, till it is a mass of putrefaction, disengaging in abundance one of the most septic poisons the chemist knows of; in numerous cases it is a mass of life and motion, the offspring of putridity. Pigs are still whipped to death; lobsters are boiled alive; cod are crimped; eels are skinned, writhing in agony; hares are hunted to death, and white veal is the greatest luxury.-Voice of Humanity.

Funds from which St. Paul's was built.-It was resolved, that a tax should be imposed upon all coal coming into the port of London, the produce to be applied to the raising of the new structure. The wits of the time said, that as coal-smoke had formerly corroded the walls, and coal fire had lately destroved them, it was no more than just that coals should restore them again-while some of the citizens, who had not the sense to be satisfied with the logic of an epigram, murmured not a little-and the remnant of Independents, like the troopers of Wallenstein, thought it hard to have "Churches to guard, which they Jonged to burn."-Family Library, XIX. Lives of Architects.

The Wonders of Physics.-What mere assertion will make any man believe that in one second of time, in one beat of the pendulum of a clock, a ray of light travels over 192,000 miles, and would therefore perform the tour of the world in about the same time that it requires to wink with our eye-lids, and in much less than a swift runner occupies in taking a single stride-What mortal can be made to believe, without demonstration, that the sun is almost a million times larger than the earth? and that, although so remote from us, that a cannon ball, shot directly towards it, and maintaining its full speed, would be twenty years in reaching it: it yet affects the earth by its attraction in an appreciable instant of time-Who would not ask for demonstration, when told that a gnat's wing, in its ordinary flight, beats many hundred times in a second? or that there exist animated and regularly Organized beings, many thousands of whose bodies laid close together would not extend an inch? But what are these to the astonishing truths which modern optical inquiries have disclosed, which teach us, that every point of a medium through which a ray of light passes is affected with a succession of periodical movements, regularly recurring at equal intervals, no less than 500 millions of millions of times in a single second that it is by such movements, communicated to the nerves of our eyes, that we see-nay, more, that it is the difference in the frequency of their recurrence which affects us with the sense of the diversity of colour; that, for instance, in acquiring the sensation of redness, our eyes are affected 482 millions of millions of times; of yellowness, 542 millions of millions of times; and of violet, 707 millions of millions of times, per second? Do not such things Bound more like the ravings of madmen, than the Sober conclusions of people in their waking senses? They are, nevertheless, conclusions to which any one may most certainly arrive, who will only be at the trouble of examining the chain of reasoning by which they have been obtained.-Discourse on Natural Philosophy, by Mr. Herschell.

Temperance Societies.The total number of Tem perance Societies in Scotland, amounts to about 130, containing 25,000 members.

Slave Trade.-From the statements of the Captain of the Primrose, lately arrived from the southern coast of Africa, it would appear that the slave trade there is nearly extinct. The King of Loango lately brought down sixty slaves to the shore, without being able to find a purchaser; they were immediately slaughtered by the royal command, his Majesty not having provisions to spare for their keep. The people of Loango are described as the most civilized on the coast; they spoke broken English. We have known some people speak whole English, who had but small claims to civilization, The Primrose, on the 7th September, captured the largest slaver hitherto employed in that traffic, the Velos Pasagero, with 555 slaves on board. The slaver did not strike to the Primrose until after a smart action, in which the Spaniards lost 49 men killed and drowned, and 20 wounded; the Primrose had 3 men killed, and 12 wounded. The mate of the Velós, and twenty one of the men, have been brought home, to be tried for piracy.

The Wonders of Nature.--For want of one more appropriate, we give this name to the bones that have lately been dug up at Big Bone Lick, Boone County, Kentucky. We have seen two skeletons of the mammoth, the skeleton of the whale, and the elephant, besides numerous living whales and a number of living elephants, but the sight of ueither of them created any of those sensations of the mind which we felt at beholding these wonderful productions of nature. To reflect for a moment upon the appearance of a living animal, which, from the skeleton, is proved to have been at least sixty feet in length, upwards of twenty two in height, and twelve across the hips; the upper bone of whose head weighs six hundred, and grinders eleven pounds each, and this, after having undergoue the decay of many centuries, must fill the mind with astonishment and reverence for that Being who said, "Let there be light, and there was light." This ani mal as much surpassed the mammoth in size as the elephant does the ox, and was of the carnivorous species, With the bones of this nondescript were found the bones of several other animals, some of which were of the herbaceous species, as is proved by their teeth, of which there are a number; and to add to the singularity of the discovery of these bones, amongst them are two of the foot of the horse, which those skilled in comparative anatomy pronounce a third larger than those of the present race of horses. The peculiarity of this circumstance consists in the fact, that horses were not known on this continent at the time of its discovery by Columbus, nor was there any tradition among the Indians of such an animal having existed. We shall conclude our remarks upon the subject by stating, the bones were found imbedded in black mud, upwards of twenty feet below the surface. The first eighteen inches is alluvial, then yellow clay to the depth of twelve or fifteen feet, and then the black mud, in which the bones were contained. Among the bones in the possession of the proprietor, are the head and tusks of the nondescript, the latter measuring twelve feet in length. It being impossible to erect the entire skeleton without a building for the purpose, he intends taking them to New York, and from thence to Europe.-American paper.

Law of Divorce in China.---In the Chinese laws, one of the grounds on which a husband may divorce his wife is, being given too much to talking.

History of a Royal Diamond.There is at present a diamond in the crown of England, the history of which is extraordinary. It was worn by Charles the Bold, the last Duke of Burgundy, at the battle of Nancy, 1477, in which he was slain. The diamond became the prize of a Swiss soldier, who sold it to a French gentleman named Lancy. It continued in the family of this gentleman nearly a century, till Henry III. of France, having lost his throne, prevailed upon its possessor to pawn the diamond to the Swiss government, as a security for the payment of troops to assist him to regain it. For this purpose the diamond was despatched by a confidential messenger, who never arrived at his destination, and was not even heard of for a considerable time. At length it was ascertained that he had been murdered by robbers, and buried in a forest. The body was diligently sought for, and found; and the diamond was found in the stomach, the trusty messenger having evidently swallowed it, to prevent its falling into the hands of the robbers.

Queen Elisabeth's Nary.-The English navy, in the time of Queen Elisabeth, consisted of two ships of 1000 tons, each having 340 mariners, 40 gunners, and 120 soldiers; three of 900 tons, each having 268 mariners, 32 gunners, and 100 soldiers; three of 800 tons. with the same number of men; two of 700 tons, with 350 men each; four of 600 tons, with 300 men each; four of 500 tons, having 88 mariners, 12 gunners, and 30 soldiers; two of 400 tons, and ten of 350 tons, having each 70 mariners, 10 gunners, and 20 soldiers; and nine smaller vessels. The number in all was 39.