Cymbeline. The winter's tale

96. Should learn, being taught, etc. "A man who is taught forbearance should learn it" (Johnson).

99. Fools are not mad folks. "This, as Cloten very well understands it, is a covert mode of calling him fool. The meaning implied is this: If I am mad, as you tell me, I am what you can never be, Fools are not mad folks'" (Steevens). Theo. (at the suggestion of Warb.) changed are to "cure," which W. adopts. It certainly gives a simpler sense, and is favoured by the cures just below, but no change is imperatively demanded.

104. Verbal. "Verbose, full of talk" (Johnson). Schmidt makes it= "plain-spoken, wording one's thoughts without reserve;" and Clarke thinks it implies "so explicit, so expressing in speech that which I think of you."

105. Which. Changed by Pope to "who;" but which is often who in Elizabethan English. Gr. 265.

117. S f-figur'd. Formed by themselves (Johnson). Warb. called it "nonsense," and adopted" self-fingered" (the conjecture of Theo.). 118. Curb'd from that enlargement. Restrained from that liberty. 119. Consequence. Succession. Schmidt thinks it may possibly mean "considerations affecting the crown."

For soil the folios have "foyle;" corrected by Hanmer.

120. Note. Distinction, eminence. Cf. i. 4. 2 and i. 6. 22 above. 121. Hilding. Hireling, menial. See R. and J. p. 172; and for the adjective use, Hen. V.p.176. For=only fit for. A squire's cloth=a lackey's dress.

122. Pantler. The servant who had charge of the pantry.

Cf. W. T. iv. 4. 56: "pantler, butler, cook ;" and 2 Hen. IV. ii. 4. 258: "a' would have made a good pantler, a' would have chipped bread well." Profane. Accented on the first syllable, because preceding the noun. Cf. Oth. i. I. 115: What profane wretch art thou?" See on divine, ii.

1.55 above.

127. Comparative for your virtues. That is, if the office were given you in comparison with, or with regard to, your merits.

129. Preferr'd. Promoted, advanced; as in v. 5. 326 below. See also Oth. p. 175.

The south-fog rot him! Cf. T. and C. v. 1. 21: "the rotten diseases of the south;" 2 Hen. IV. ii. 4. 392: "the south borne with black vapour," See also iv. 2. 350 below, and cf. Cor. p. 206.

etc.

132. Clipp'd. Embraced. Cf. v. 5. 450 below; and s.e W. T. p. 210, or Oth. p. 192.

133. Above. Changed by Sr. (2d ed.) to “about.”

134. How now, Pisanio. Hanmer transferred How now? to Cloten. 136. Presently. Immediately; the most common sense in S. Cf. iii. 2. 74 and iv. 2. 167 below. So present immediate; as in ii. 4. 136 be

low.

137. Sprited with. Haunted by. For with by, see Gr. 193.

139. Jewel. See on i. 4. 142 above.

140. 'Shrew me. Beshrew me; a mild form of imprecation, often used See M. N. D. p. 152.

as a mere asseveration.

141. Revenue. Accented by S. on the first or second syllable, as suits See M. N. D. p. 125, or Gr. 490.

the measure.

142. King's. The folios have "kings," and Pope reads "king." King's is due to Rowe.

144. Kiss'd. Pope reads "kissed Keightley "for I kiss'd it."

149. If you, etc.

an action."

(dissyllabic) for the measure, and

Hanmer reads "Call witness to 't, if you will make 't

151. She's my good lady. She's my good friend; spoken ironically (Malone).

SCENE IV.-2. Bold. Confident; as in A. W. v. 1. 5: do so grow in my requital," etc.

"Be bold you

6. Fear'd. Mingled with fear. K. and Clarke adopt Tyrwhitt's conjecture of "sear'd."

12. Throughly. Thoroughly; as in iii. 6. 36 below. Cf. throughfare in i. 2. 9 above.

14. Or look upon. Before he will face. For or=before, cf. Ham. i. 2. 183:

Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven

Or ever I had seen that day, Horatio!"

It is often combined with ere, as in iii. 2. 64 and v. 3. 50 below. See Temp. p. 112, note on Or ere, and cf. Gr. 131.

16. Statist. Statesman. Cf. Ham. v. 2.33: 86 'as our statists do ;" and see our ed. p. 268.

18. Legions. The folios have "legion;" corrected by Theo.

21. More order'd. Better disciplined.

24. Courages. For the plural, see on i. I. I above. D. reads "courage." For mingled the 1st folio has "wing-led;" corrected in the 2d.

25. Their approvers. Those who make trial of their valour. Cf. approve try; as in M. N. D. ii. 2. 68, W. T. iv. 2. 31, etc. The noun is used by S. only here.

26. That. For its use with such, see on i. 4. 46 above. Cf. 44 below.

28. Winds of all the corners. Cf. Much Ado, ii. 3. 103: "Sits the

wind in that co ner?"

37. Was Caius, etc. The folios give this speech to "Post. ;" corrected by Capell.

39. But not approach'd. To fill out the line Hanmer reads "But was not yet approach'd."

49. Must not continue friends. See i. 4. 149 fol. above.

56. Apparent. Evident. See Rich. II. p. 150.

58. Is. Changed in the Coll. MS. to "are;" but the singular verb is often found with two singular subjects (Gr. 336). Cf. iii. 3. 99 and v. 2. 2 below.

61. My circumstances. That is, the particulars 68. Watching Keeping awake for. Gr. 394. S. iv. 1. 208: "She shall watch all night," etc. 4. 40 below.

I shall give.

For watching, cf. T. of See also the noun in iii.

70. When she met her Roman, etc. Cf. A. and C. ii. 2. 191 fol.

Johnson remarks: "Iachimo's language is such as a skilful villain would naturally use-a mixture of airy triumph and serious deposition. His gayety shows his seriousness to be without anxiety; and his seriousness proves his gayety to be without art.

73. Bravely. See on ii. 2. 15 above.

That it did strive, etc. That is, it was doubtful whether the workmanship or the value was the greater.

This is the folio pointing, and re-
Capell reads "Since the true life
"on 't 't was."
Other attempts at

76. Since the true life on't was―. moves all difficulty from the passage. was in it;" and the Coll. MS. has emendation are unworthy of notice. 83. So likely to report themselves. That is, they were so lifelike that one might expect them to speak.

84. Was as another nature, etc. "The sculptor was as nature, but as nature dumb; he gave every thing that nature gives but breath and motion. In breath is included speech" (Johnson).

88. Cherubins. The folio reading, changed by Rowe to "cherubims." For the singular cherubin, see Temp. p. 115. Fretted embossed. See Ham. p. 205.

89. Winking. With eyes shut or blind. See on ii. 3. 21 above.

91. Depending on their brands. Leaning on their inverted torches. Cf. Sonn. 153. I: 66 'Cupid laid by his brand and fell asleep ;" and Id. 154. 2: "Laid by his side his heart-inflaming brand." Some have taken brands to mean the part of the andirons on which the wood for the fire is put.

This is her honour! The expression is ironical: "And the attainment of this knowledge is to pass for the corruption of her honour!" (Johnson).

95. Then, if you can, etc. K., followed by V., points the passage thus: "Then, if you can

Be pale, I beg but leave to air this jewel;"

that is, seeing that he has produced no effect upon Posthumus as yet, he now says, "If you can be pale, I will see what this jewel will do to make you change countenance."

97. 'Tis up. That is, put up.

102. Outsell. The verb occurs again (the only other instance in S.) in iii. 5. 74 below.

107. Basilisk. The fabulous serpent that was supposed to kill by its look. Cf. W. T. i. 2. 388: "Make me not sighted like the basilisk." See also Hen. V. p. 183 (note on The fatal balls), or R. and J. p. 186 (on Death-darting eye).

III. Bondage. 116. One of her. 117. Hath stol'n.

127. Cognizance.

Cf. 1 Hen. VI. ii. 4.

Binding force, fidelity.

The reading of 2d folio; the Ist omits of
Hanmer reads "Might not have stol'n."

"The badge, the token, the visible proof" (Johnson). 108: “As cognizance of my blood-drinking hate." 146. Limbmeal. Limb from limb; a compound like dropmeal, inchmeal (see Temp. ii. 2. 3), and piecemeal, which is still in use. 150. Pervert. Avert, turn aside.

SCENE V.-I. Is there no way, etc.

x. 888 fol.

8. Nonpareil.

Steevens compares Milton, P. L.

Paragon; as in Temp. iii. 2. 108, T. N. i. 5. 273, etc. II. Pudency. Modesty; the only instance of the word in S.

14. Motion. Impulse. Cf. K. John, p. 137.

19. Change. Caprice; as in Lear, i. 1. 291, etc. Perhaps change of prides variety of prides, as W. explains it. Cf. "change of honours " in Cor. ii. 1. 214, and see our ed. p. 222.

20. Nice. Squeamish, affected. Cf. A. Y. L. p. 185.

21. That may be nam'd. The reading of the 2d folio; the 1st has "that name." D. conjectures "that have a name," and Walker “that man can (or "may") name.'

26. Write against them.

(Clarke).

"Denounce them, protest against them"

SCENE I. II. There be.

are painful," etc.

15. From 's.

18. Bravery. 19. Paled in.

Gr. 300.

ACT III.

Cf. Temp. iii. I. I: "There be some sports

See on i. 1. 4 above.

"State of defiance " (Schmidt).
Enclosed.

Cf. A. and C. ii. 7. 74: "Whate'er the

ocean pales, or sky inclips," etc.

20. Rocks. The folios have " Oakes " or "Oaks ;" corrected by Han

mer.

24. Came and saw and overcame. Cf. 2 Hen. IV. iv. 3. 45: "I may justly say, with the hook-nosed fellow of Rome, I came, saw, and over

came."

27. Ignorant. Unacquainted with the nature of our boisterous seas (Johnson).

30. At point. On the point, about; as in iii. 6. 17 below. See also Cor. p. 240.

31. Giglot. False, fickle. For the noun (harlot), see M. for M. v. 1. 352: Away with those giglots," etc. Cf. K. John, iii. 1. 61 (and Ham. ii. 2.515): strumpet fortune."

As Malone remarks, S. has here transferred to Cassibelan an adventure which happened to his brother Nennius. "The same history," says Holinshed, "also maketh mention of Nennius, brother to Cassibellane, who in fight happened to get Cæsar's sword fastened in his shield by a blow which Cæsar stroke at him." Nennius died a fortnight after the battle of the hurt he had received at Cæsar's hand, and was buried with great pomp. Cæsar's sword was placed in his tomb.

32. Lud's town. London. Cf. iv. 2. 100, 124, and v. 5. 480 below. 36. Moe. More; used only with a plural or a collective noun. A. Y. L. p. 176.

37. Owe. Own; as often. Gr. 290.

See

46. Injurious. Often used as a personal term of reproach=unjust, insolent, malicious, etc. Cf. iv. 2. 87 below, and see Cor. p. 247.

49. Against all colour. Contrary to all show of right. Cf. 1 Hen. IV. iii. 2. 100: "of no right, nor colour like to right," etc.

52. We do. The folios make this a part of Cymbeline's speech: "Our selues to be, we do. Say then to Casar," etc. The reading of the text is that of the Coll. MS., and is adopted by D. and others. It is very like Cloten to break in thus; but W. prefers to follow Malone in reading "Ourselves to be. We do say then to Cæsar," etc.

55. Franchise. Free exercise. Whose refers of course to laws.

58. The first of Britain, etc. The title of the first chapter of the third book of Holinshed's England is, "Of Mulmucius, the first king of Britain who was crowned with a golden crown, his laws, his foundations, etc." 62. Moe. See on 36 above. The form was going out of use in the time of S., as is evident from the frequent substitution of more in the 2d folio, printed in 1632.

70. He to seek of me, etc. His seeking of me, etc. Perforce by force; as in A. Y. L. i. 2. 21 (see our ed. p. 141), etc. 71. Keep at utterance.

Keep at the extremity of defiance (the Fr. d outrance), or defend to the uttermost. See Macb. p. 208, note on Champion me to the utterance.

I am perfect. I am assured, I know well. Cf. W. T. iii. 3. 1 :

"Thou art perfect, then, our ship hath touch'd upon

The deserts of Bohemia?"

Books