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Farewell, old Gaunt; thy fometimes brother's wife, With her companion grief must end her life.

GAUNT. Sifter, farewell: I must to Coventry : As much good stay with thee, as go with me! DUCH. Yet one word more ;-Grief boundeth where it falls,

Not with the empty hollownefs, but weight:
I take my leave before I have begun;

For forrow ends not when it seemeth done.
Commend me to my brother, Edmund York.
Lo, this is all :-Nay, yet depart not fo;
Though this be all, do not fo quickly go';
I fhall remember more. Bid him-O, what?—
With all good speed at Plashy vifit me.
Alack, and what shall good old York there fee,
But empty lodgings, and unfurnish'd walls,"
Unpeopled offices, untrodden ftones?

And what cheer there" for welcome, but my groans?

This juft fentiment is in Homer; but the learned commentator quoting, I fuppofe from memory, has compressed a couplet into a fingle line;

Ημισυ γαρ τ' αρετης αποαίνυται ευρύοπα Ζευς
Ανερος, ευτ' αν μιν κατα δουλιον ημαρ έλησιν.

Ody. Lib. XVII. v. 322. HOLT WHITE. I do not believe that caitiff in our language ever fignified a prifoner. I take it to be derived, not from captif, but from chetif, Fr. poor, miferable. TYRWHITT.

6 -unfurnish'd walls,] In our ancient caftles the naked stone walls were only covered with tapestry, or arras, hung upon tenter hooks, from which it was eafily taken down on every removal of the family. See the preface to The Household Book of the Fifth Earl of Northumberland, begun in 1512. STEEVENS.

And what cheer there, &c.] I had followed the reading of the folio, [bear] but now rather incline to that of the first quarto.And what cheer, there, &c. In the quarto of 1608, chear was changed to hear, and the editor of the folio followed the latter copy. MALONE.

Therefore commend me; let him not come there,
To feek out forrow that dwells every where: 8
Defolate, defolate, will I hence, and die;
The laft leave of thee takes my weeping eye.

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[Exeunt.

Lifts fet out, and a throne. Heralds, &c. attending. Enter the Lord Marshal, and AUMERLE.*

MAR. My lord Aumerle, is Harry Hereford arm'd?

AUM. Yea, at all points; and longs to enter in. MAR. The duke of Norfolk, sprightfully and bold,

Stays but the fummons of the appellant's trumpet.

8

let him not come there,

To feek out forrow that dwells every where:] Perhaps the pointing might be reformed without injury to the fenfe:

let him not come there To feek out forrow :

-that dwells

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9Lord Marfbal,] Shakspeare has here committed a flight miftake. The office of Lord Marshal was executed on this occafion by Thomas Holland, Duke of Surrey. Our author has inadvertently introduced that nobleman as a distinct person from the Marshal, in the prefent drama.

Mowbray Duke of Norfolk was Earl Marshal of England; but being himself one of the combatants, the Duke of Surrey officiated MALONE. as Earl Marshal for the day.

2 Aumerle.] Edward Duke of Aumerle, fo created by his coufin german, King Richard II. in 1397. He was the eldest fon of Edward of Langley Duke of York, fifth fon of King Edward the Third, and was killed in 1415, at the battle of Agincourt. He officiated at the lifts of Coventry, as High Constable of England.

MALONE.

AUM. Why then, the champions are prepar'd, and stay

For nothing but his majesty's approach.

Flourish of trumpets. Enter King RICHARD, who takes his feat on his throne; GAUNT, and feveral noblemen, who take their places. A trumpet is founded, and answered by another trumpet within. Then enter NORFOLK in armour, preceded by a Herald.

K. RICH. Marfhal, demand of yonder champion The cause of his arrival here in arms: Afk him his name; and orderly proceed To swear him in the justice of his cause.

MAR. In God's name, and the king's, fay who thou art,

And why thou com'ft, thus knightly clad in arms: Against what man thou com'ft, and what thy quarrel :

Speak truly, on thy knighthood, and thy oath;
And fo3 defend thee heaven, and thy valour!

NOR. My name is Thomas Mowbray, duke of
Norfolk ;

Who hither come engaged by my oath,
(Which, heaven defend, a knight should violate!)
Both to defend my loyalty and truth,

And fo-] The old copies read—As so—.

Corrected by Mr. Rowe. MALONE.

STEEVENS.

4 Norfolk.] Mr. Edwards, in his MS. notes, obferves, from Holinfhed, that the Duke of Hereford, appellant, entered the lifts first; and this, indeed must have been the regular method of the combat; for the natural order of things requires, that the accufer or challenger should be at the place of appointment first.

STIEVENS.

To God, my king, and my fucceeding iffue,'
Against the duke of Hereford that appeals me;
And, by the grace of God, and this mine arm,
To prove him, in defending of myself,

A traitor to my God, my king, and me:
And, as I truly fight, defend me heaven!

[He takes his feat.

Trumpet founds. Enter BOLINGBROKE, in armour; preceded by a Herald.

K. RICH. Marshal, ask yonder knight in arms," Both who he is, and why he cometh hither Thus plated in habiliments of war; And formally according to our law Depose him in the juftice of his caufe.

5 my fucceeding iffue,] His is the reading of the firft folio; other editions read my iffue. Mowbray's iffue, was by this accufation, in danger of an attainder, and therefore he might come, among other reafons, for their fake: but the reading of the folio is more juft and grammatical. JOHNSON.

The three oldeft quartos read my, which Mr. M. Mafon prefers, becaufe, fays he, Mowbray fubjoins

"To prove him, in defending of myself,

"A traitor to my God, my king, and me."

STEEVENS.

and my fucceeding iue,] Thus the first quarto. The folio reads his fucceeding iffue. The firft quarto copy of this play, in 1597, being in general much more correct than the folio, and the quartos of 1608, and 1615, from the latter of which the folio appears to have been printed, I have preferred the elder reading. MALONE.

6 Marshal, afk yonder knight in arms,] Why not, as before? Marfbal, demand of yonder knight in arms,'

66

"

The player who varied the expreffion, was probably ignorant that he injured the metre. The infertion, however, of two little words would anfwer the fame purpose,

66

Marfbal, go ask of yonder knight in arms," RirsoN.

MAR. What is thy name? and wherefore com'ft thou hither,

Before King Richard, in his royal lifts?

Against whom comeft thou? and what's thy quarrel?

Speak like a true knight, fo defend thee heaven!

BOLING. Harry of Hereford, Lancaster, and Derby,

Am I; who ready here do ftand in arms,

To

prove, by heaven's grace, and my body's va-
lour,

In lifts, on Thomas Mowbray duke of Norfolk,
That he's a traitor, foul and dangerous,

To God of heaven, king Richard, and to me;
And, as I truly fight, defend me heaven!

MAR. On pain of death, no perfon be fo bold,
Or daring-hardy, as to touch the lifts;
Except the marshal, and fuch officers
Appointed to direct these fair designs.

BOLING. Lord marshal, let me kifs my fovereign's hand,

And bow my knee before his majesty:

For Mowbray, and myself, are like two men
That vow a long and weary pilgrimage;
Then let us take a ceremonious leave,
And loving farewell, of our feveral friends.

MAR. The appellant in all duty greets your highness,

And craves to kiss your hand, and take his leave. K. RICH. We will defcend, and fold him in our

arms.

Coufin of Hereford, as thy cause is right,
So be thy fortune in this royal fight!

Farewell, my blood; which if to-day thou shed,
Lament we may, but not revenge thee dead.

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