DEA

Death-rate of the principal countries
of Europe, 334

Debt, national, advantage of diffusion
in the holding of the, 246
Defoe on English and Dutch la-
bourers, 159

Denny, Mr., on the advantages of the
piece-work system, 216

Derby, the late Earl, on agricultural
tenures, 399

Dockyards, French, compared with
English, 220

Dressmakers, improved condition of,
under the Factory Acts, 338
Drummond, Mr., on American com-
petition, 96, 124

on the British carrying trade
from America, 153

on the prudent procedure of the
American mill hands, 311
Drunkenness among operatives, 182,
183, 191

Dufferin, Lord, on our policy towards

on prices and wages in the iron
and coal trades, 315

Farcy, M. Eugène, on the cost of
shipbuilding in French dockyards,

217
Farmers, American, natural facilities
enjoyed by, 110

111

their method of cultivation,

HAINAULT, output of coal in, 168
Hamburg, exports from, in 1876
and 1877, 129

Harris, Mr., on Dutch labour, 181
Harrison, Mr. Frederic, his service

as mediator between employers
and employed, 253
Harvests, recent succession of bad,
18, 107

Hawkshaw, Sir J., on the progress of
the people of the United States,
143
Henderson, Mr., on the system of
'slaughtering' practised by Ameri-
can manufacturers, 57
Holland, labour in, 160, 181
Holyoake, Mr., his definition of co-
operation, 240

Hop-pickers, work of charitable la-
dies among the, 357
Hoppin, Professor, on the ties of
national relationship between
America and England, 139

-

Income, alleged unsatisfactory state
of, with regard to expenditure and
losses, 307

India, silver crisis of, 9

-

exports of French and Italian
cotton goods to, 50

failures of the cotton factories in,
51

Government drawings on, 119
Industry, effect of the concentration-
of, 355

final aim of, 359
Interest, rate of, 298

International Society, its exaggerated
influence, 253

Iron, increased export of, in 1879, 8
reduced demand for, consequent
on the cessation of foreign loans,
23

- prices of pig, 64

- reduced cost of manufacturing,
70

foreign compared with British
processes of manufacturing, 102
Iron trade, fluctuations of prices in
the, between 1861 and 1877, 5;
during 1878, 65

-the depression in the, 64

participation of foreign coun-
tries therein, 71

causes of diminished exports in
the, 73

state of the, in France, Austria,
and Germany, 74; in Belgium, 80;
in the United States, 84

prospects of the Scotch, 90
foreign competition in the, 91
Messrs. Fallows' views of the,
100

- progress in England of metallur-
gical and mechanical improve-
ments in the, 101

LABOUR, cost of, in the American
cotton factories, 53

wages of, not answerable for col-
lapses of trade, 157

British, in relation to our export
trade, 157

relative efficiency of Dutch, 159,
181; of French, 164, 220; of
Belgian, 165, 168; of American,
166; of German, 171

Mr. Mundella's comparison of
British and foreign, 174

- testimonies to the superiority of
British, 185-191

native, preferable to imported, 193

scarcity of, 202

claims of, to rest and recreation,
205, 360

- obligations of capital towards,
and vice versa, 206

-

antagonistic relation of, to capital,
238

- slave, costliness of, compared with
free, 212

-

natural price of, 302
market price of, 305

saving effected by machinery and
steam power in, 342

agricultural, payment of, by the
piece, 401

Labourer, the British, character of,

159, 163, 170, 172, 175, 177,
178, 182, 186, 190, 193, 195,
345

- condition of, relatively to the
French, 308

- the Dutch, 159–162, 181

- the French, 164, 176, 178, 182,
216

- the Belgian, 165, 168, 179, 182,
224

- the American, 166, 175, 192
the German, 171, 176, 183
the Swiss, 180

- advantage of a high standard of
living to the, 117, 303

- improved condition of the, 118,