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renaer an account of his works, and to be recompensed according to them; for the Lord saith, "The Son of Man shall come, and render to every one according to his deeds,” Matt. xvi. 27. They who have done good shall come forth to the resurrection of life, and they who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment," John v. 22. "Their works follow with them," Rev. xiv. 13. “All were judged according to their works," Rev. xx. 13. "Behold I come, and my reward is with me, that I may give to every one according to his works," Rev. xxii. 12. If there was no reciprocality with man, there would be no imputation.

106. Inasmuch as reception and reciprocality are with man, therefore the church teaches, that man should examine himself, should confess his sins before God, should desist from them, and should lead a new life that this is taught by every church in Christendom, may be seen above, n. 3 to 8.

107. In case man had no faculty of reception, and at the same time of thinking as from himself, nothing could have been said to him about having faith, for neither is faith from man. Without such faculty man would be like chaff in the wind, and would stand like somewhat inanimate, with his mouth open and his hands hanging down, waiting for influx, thinking nothing, and doing nothing in the things which concern his salvation: he has indeed no active power in those things from himself, but still he has a power of re-acting as from himself.

But these things will be placed in a clearer light in the Treatise concerning ANGELIC WISDOM.

XIV. THAT IF ANY ONE SHUNS EVILS FOR ANY OTHER REASON THAN BECAUSE THEY ARE SINS, HE DOES NOT SHUN THEM, BUT ONLY PREVENTS THEIR APPEARING before the EYES OF THE WORLD.

108. There are moral men who keep the commandments of the second table of the Decalogue, being guilty neither of theft, nor of blasphemy, nor of revenge, nor of adultery; and such of them as persuade themselves that such things are evil, because they are hurtful to the common good of the state, and thereby contrary to the laws of humanity, also live in the exercise of charity, sincerity, justice, and chastity. But if they practise these goods, and shun those evils, only because they are evils, and not at the same time because they are sins, they are still merely natural men; and with merely

natural men the root of evil remains ingrafted, and is not removed; wherefore the good actions which they perform are not good, because they proceed from themselves.

109. It is possible for the natural moral man to appear before men in the world altogether like the spiritual moral man, but not before the angels in heaven; for before the angels in heaven, if he be principled in what is good, he appears as an image of wood, and if he be principled in what is true, as an image of marble, in which is no life but it is otherwise with the spiritual moral man for the natural moral man is externally moral, and the spiritual moral man is internally moral, and what is external without what is internal is not alive: it lives indeed, but not the life which is called life.

110. The concupiscences of evil, which form the interiors of man from his birth, are not removed but by the Lord alone: for the Lord enters by influx from what is spiritual into what is natural, whereas man of himself flows-in from what is natural into what is spiritual; and this influx is contrary to order, and does not operate upon concupiscences to the removal of them, but incloses or shuts them in closer and closer in proportion as it confirms itself: and whereas hereditary evil thus lies concealed and shut up, after death, when man becomes a spirit, it bursts the covering within which it was concealed in the world, and breaks out, like the corruption of an ulcer which had only been superficially healed.

111. There are various and manifold causes operating to render man moral in an external form; but if he be not also moral in an internal form, he is still not moral: as for example; if a person abstains from adultery and whoredom through fear of the civil law and its penalties; or through fear of losing his reputation, and consequently his prospects of worldly advancement; or through fear of diseases which may be thereby contracted; or through fear of family broils, and the disturbance of his private tranquillity; or through fear of revenge from the husband or relatives; or from poverty or avarice; or from weakness occasioned either by disease, or by excess, or by age, or by impotence; yea, if he abstains from those evils from any natural or moral law, and not at the same time from a spiritual law, he is still inwardly an adulterer and whoremonger; for he nevertheless believes that those evils are not sins, and consequently he does not make them unlawful in his spirit before God; and thus in spirit he commits them, although not before the world in the body; wherefore after death, when he becomes a spirit, he speaks

54 THE DOCTRINE OF LIFE FOR THE NEW JERUSALEM.

openly in favor of them. Hence it is evident, that a wicked person may shun evils as being hurtful, but that none but a Christian can shun them as being sinful.

112. The case is similar in respect to thefts and frauds of every kind; and also in respect to every kind of murder and revenge, of false witness and lies. No one can be cleansed and purified from them of himself: for there are infinite concupiscences inherent in every one of those evils, which man sees not but as one simple thing, whereas the Lord sees every smallest particular in every series. In a word, man cannot regenerate himself, that is, form in himself a new heart and a new spirit; the Lord alone can do this, who is himself the Reformer and Regenerator. Wherefore if man were to be desirous of making himself anew from his own prudence and intelligence, it would be only like covering a deformed face with paint, and besmearing a part affected with inward rottenness with soap.

113. Therefore the Lord says in Matthew, " Thou blind Pharisee, cleanse first the inside of the cup and platter, that the outside may be clean also," xxiii. 26; and in Isaiah; 66 Wash ye, make you clean, put away the evil of your doings from BEFORE MY EYES, cease to do evil :" and then, "though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool," i. 16, 18.

114. To what has been said above, let these remarks be added: I. That Christian charity, with every individual, consists in his performing faithfully the duties of his calling for thus, if he shuns evils as sins, he daily does what is good, and is himself his own particular use in the common body; thus also the common good is provided for, and that of each individual in particular. II. That other works are not properly works of charity, but are either its signs, or benefits, or debts.

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