4. Who were the Emperors of the House of Courtenay? Give a short account of their reigns.

5. Give a sketch of the history of Athens during the two hundred and fifty years between the first and the last conquest of Constantinople.

6. Write a note on the following statement of Gibbon :-"Ignorant of their own history, the modern Turks confound their first and their final passage of the Hellespont, and describe the son of Orchan as a nocturnal robber, who, with eighty companions, explores by stratagem a hostile and unknown shore."

7. What is Gibbon's opinion as to the treatment of Bajazet by Timour?

8. What were the laws enacted by Rienzi" for the restoration and maintenance of the good estate"?

9. Relate the history of Henry Dandolo, Duke of Venice.

10. Write short accounts of the two sieges of Constantinople in the fourth Crusade.

B.

contention of

against

I. "The ecclesiastical history of the Middle Ages presents one long (Hallam). Fill up the blanks. 2. Hallam compares Charlemagne with Henry VIII. In what respect?

3. "This decree is the foundation of that celebrated mode of election in a conclave of cardinals which has ever since determined the headship of the Church." What decree ?

4. Origin of annates ?

5. Earliest notice in English history of clerical exemption from the secular arm?

6. "If I am provoked," said Henry IV. of France to the Spanish Ambassador, "I will breakfast at Milan, and dine at Naples.' Reply of Ambassador?

7. "Eneas Sylvius, and the fathers of Basil, applaud the austere life of the ducal hermit" (Gibbon). Explain.

8. "Perhaps the noblest of historians" (Gibbon). Who was this? 9. To what other Sovereign does Gibbon compare Mary of Scotland? 10. He notices" a new heresy of the most dangerous import," which seems to have arisen in France during the Babylonish captivity?

11. "Besieging Rome by land and water, he thrice entered the gates as a Barbarian conqueror; profaned the altars, violated the virgins, pillaged the merchants, performed his devotions at St. Peter's, and left a garrison in the castle of St. Angelo." Who is here spoken of?

12.

"Land of Albania! where Iskander rose,

Theme of the young, and beacon of the wise,
And he his namesake, whose oft-baffled foes
Shrunk from his deeds of chivalrous emprize."

Who was this namesake?

PROFESSOR DOWDEN.

1. Sketch the career of Dubois.

2. Give some account of the relations of Peter the Great with his son Alexis.

3. Give an account of the revolution in Turkey, 1730, headed by Patrona Chalil.

4. In 1745 a singular offer of mediation was made to the contending Powers of Europe?

5. D'Argenson had formed with respect to Italy

one of those magnificent schemes of which the heads of French statesmen are prolific." What became of it?

6. Sketch briefly the reforms of Pombal.

7. Describe the condition of Poland, 1760-70, previous to the First Partition.

8. Who was Struensee?

9. What was the affair of the Diamond Necklace ?

10. Describe the measures taken against the Jesuits throughout Europe, 1771-73.

Modern Literature.

PROFESSOR DOWDEN.

ENGLISH LITERATURE.

1. Write an argument which might be prefixed to Dryden's "Religio Laici," indicating the chief topics of the poem.

2.

"These were the chief, a small but faithful band

Of worthies in the breach who dared to stand
And tempt the united fury of the land."

Describe, as Dryden does in “Absolom and Achitophel," this group of worthies.

3. Who were the Cambridge Platonists? What were the characteristics of Henry More? What the general tendencies of the school?

4. Throw Milton's prose writings into groups; explain the purpose of each group, and give dates.

5. What is the substance of Johnson's criticisms on

(a). Comus.

(b). Pope's Homer.

(c). Pope's Epitaph on Gay.

(d). Addison's Simile of the Angel.
(e). Dryden's Versification.

ENGLISH COMPOSITION.

Write an Essay on one of the following subjects:

1. "Nothing is less poetical than optimism; for the essence of a poet's function is to harmonise the sadness of the universe." Consider the truth of this remark of Mr. Leslie Stephen generally, and then with reference to writers of the period 1700-1750.

2. How would English literature have developed if there had been no Puritans?

3. Fielding, Scott, George Eliot,-as representatives of three periods of literature?

ENGLISH LITERATURE.

MR. BARLOW.

1. (a). Mention Sir Roger de Coverley's particularities of demeanour in church.

(b). Give an account of his proceedings at the Assizes. What odd accident did he meet with on his return?

(c). What were his reflections upon visiting the tombs in Westminster Abbey?

(d). Describe his voyage to Fox-hall. Essential qualification of a waterman?

2. (a). What were the peculiarities in the ethical and legal systems of Lilliput? Describe the image of Justice in their Courts of Judicature.

(b). Give the King of Brobdingnag's reasons for considering Gulliver's countrymen to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth."

3. Write explanatory notes on the following lines :-
(a). "Great standing miracle! that Heaven assigned
Its only thinking thing this turn of mind."

(b). "Sure as Demoivre, without rule or line."
(c). "Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of Sense,
Lie in three words."

(d). "To sigh for ribands if thou art so silly,

Mark how they grace Lord Umbra, or Sir Billy."

4. Give a summary of Pope's fourth Epistle [To Richard Boyle, Earl of Burlington].

5. (a). Describe the altar built by the adventurous Baron ("Rape of the Lock," Canto II.) to Love.

(b). Give the substance of Ariel's address to the Sylphs and Sylphids.

6. Hallam charges Pope with injustice to Eloisa. What are the lines in the Epistle to which he refers ?

FRENCH.

DR. ATKINSON.

1. "Entre Froissart et Commines se placent, comme transition, deux écrivains dont le mérite explique (la supériorité de Commines, &c."). Write detailed notices of both these writers.

2.

"Deux sociétés vivaient au moyen âge, distinctes sinon indépendantes." Show the influence of this in the development of the literature.

3. Write a notice on the book of which M. Démogeot could say that "l'imprimerie naissante s'employa principalement à le reproduire.'

4. Narrate the circumstances of the defeat of Guillaume de Champeaux. 5. What did the thirteenth century mean by "les theologiens à Bible?" How is this explained?

6. In the Metalogicus of John of Salisbury is a curious passage bearing on the scholastic dialecticians of the time?

7. A striking portrait is drawn by Jean d'Antville in his Archithrenius?

8. Write a notice on the University of Paris—its foundation, students, privileges, charter.

9. In what work does theology for the first time speak the language of philosophy? [Démogeot calls it an "antécédent des Méditations de Descartes'].

10. In what circumstance does Démogeot see the true cause of the undoubted superiority of the Church in the Middle Ages?

11. This superiority entailed the inferiority of poetry?

12. Write a notice on Chas. d'Orléans.

13. Translate and explain this passage:-" mais quelques vers d'amour placés après les chansons dévotes feraient craindre que le bon roi n'ait mordu encore par récidive au moins à l'un des quatre hameçons."

14. How do you account for the rapid decay of Provençal.poetry? 15. What is the metre of the French poems of the Round Table ? 16. Compare the tale of the Chevalier au Lyon as told by Chrétien de Troyes with the Welsh Mabinogi.

[NOTE.-In place of any six of the above questions, the student may write a chapter on the language, grammatical peculiarities, &c., of Montaigne.]

The Admiral de Biron, by the king's order, invested the city, which made little resistance: all the difficulty lay in taking the castle, and especially the tower Grise, which was cannon-proof. I promised the king to carry it, if he would give me four English and Scotch miners, and a certain number of workmen. My enterprise did not fail to furnish matter for laughter and contempt to my enemies, who eagerly

seized this occasion to mortify me. The king, though very doubtful of my success, granted my request. I led my miners and pioneers to the foot of the tower, where, to guard them against the fire and efforts of the besieged, I covered them with mantelets, and strong pieces of wood, and made them apply so closely and with such eagerness to the work, that, out of six-and-thirty pioneers which I had, four only could work at once: the hardness of the stone exhausted their strength, and covered them with sweat the instant they began to work; but I caused them to be relieved immediately by four others, so that the work was not discontinued for one moment, although the enemies within endeavoured to destroy them, by precipitating large pieces of stone, and firing incessantly upon them.

1. Translate the following passage :

Qui n'a ouï parler à Paris de celle qui se feit escorcher, pour seulement en acquerir le teint plus frais d'une nouvelle peau? Il y en a qui se sont faict arracher des dents vifves et saines, pour en former la voix plus molle et plus grasse, ou pour les renger en meilleur ordre. Combien d'exemples du mespris de la douleur avons nous en ce genre! Que ne peuvent elles, que craignent elles, pour peu qu'il y ayt d'adgencement à esperer en leur beauté? I'en ay veu engloutir du sable, de la cendre, et se travailler à poinct nommé de ruyner leur estomach, pour acquerir les pasles couleurs. Pour faire un corps bien espagnolé, quelle gehenne ne souffrent elles, guindees et cenglees, à tout de grosses coches sur les costez, iusques à la chair vifve? ouy, quelquesfois à en mourir.

Il est ordinaire à beaucoup de nations de nostre temps de se blecer à escient pour donner foy à leur parole: et nostre roy en recite des notables exemples de ce qu'il en a veu en Poloigne, et en l'endroict de luy mesme. Mais oultre ce que ie sçais en avoir esté imité en France par aulcuns, quand ie veins de ces fameux estats de Blois l'avois veu peu auparavant une fille, en Picardie, pour tesmoigner la sincerité de ses promesses et aussi sa constance, se donner, du poinçon qu'elle portoit en son poil, quatre ou cinq bons coups dans le bras, qui luy faisoient craqueter la peau, et la saignoient bien en bon escient. Les Turcs se font de grandes escarres pour leurs dames, et, à fin que la marque y demeure, ils portent soubdain du feu sur la playe, et l'y tiennent un temps incroyable, pour arrester le sang et former la cicatrice; gents qui l'ont veu l'ont escript, et me l'ont iuré: mais pour dix aspres, il s'en treuve touts les iours entre eulx personne qui se donnera une bien profonde taillade dans le bras ou dans les cuisses.

PROFESSOR SELSS.

1. Translate into French :

At Saint-Germains, on the verge of a forest swarming with beasts of chase, and on the brow of a hill which looks down on the windings of the Seine, Francis the First had built a castle, and Henry the Fourth had constructed a noble terrace. Of the residences of the French kings none stood in a more salubrious air, or commanded a fairer prospect.