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What were liba? Who was Priapus?
What is the sardois? What were its effects?
What in Thyrsis' verse disproves the exist-
ence of chimneys?

Who gained the victory in this contest?

ECLOGUE VIII.

How is the eighth eclogue divided? What is the subject of the first part? What of the second?

Where was Pollio probably at this time? Why does the poet say that his last subject shall be Pollio's praise?

Where is Mænalus? To whom was it sacred?
Of what gender is it?
What are griffins?

What ceremony practised at the Roman nuptials is alluded to?

Who is the mother addressed by Damon?
Who is meant by puer, in the same verse?
In what did Pontus abound?
What were some of the magic ceremonies?
Of what use were the images?
Was the omen of the cinders becoming again
inflamed reckoned favourable or other-
wise?

ECLOGUE IX.

What is said of the soldier to whom Virgil's
patrimony had been assigned?
What is the subject of the ninth eclogue?
Who were supposed to be represented by
Lycidas and Maris?

What points of similarity have the situations of Menalcas and Virgil?

For what purpose was the ninth eclogue prepared?

Why should bees avoid yew trees?
Why is Chaonias applied to pigeons?

To whom were these mountains sacred?
Where is Aganippe?

Who is meant by Chalcidico? Who was
Euphorion?

From whom does the poet borrow his bow and arrow?

For what were the Parthians and Cretans remarkable?

Who were the Pierides?

What request does the poet make of them?

GEORGICS. BOOK I.

From what is the term Georgica derived?
What do the first four verses unfold?
Of what do the respective books treat?
What divinities does the poet invoke ?
Who is addressed as cultor nemorum ?
Who as monstrator aratri?
How is Sylvanus represented?
After the special invocation of certain divin-
ities, how does the poet proceed?
How does he address Cæsar?
Why does he say maternâ myrto?
Where was Thule ?

What sign of the Zodiac was called Erigone? Why was the Scorpion represented as drawing in his claws?

How is the subject, of the first book taken up? How is Bis qua sensit commonly interpreted?

What is more probably the poet's meaning? Where is Tmolus? for what remarkable? Who were the Chalybes? for what celebrated?

When, according to Columella, did Arcturus rise?

By what means would the poet preserve and increase the strength of the soil?

What crops does he advise to cultivate in succession?

What distinction is made between vates and For what kind of land is the succession of poeta? which is the higher?

Was good fortune betokened in the opinions of the Grecks by auspices on the right or left?

How in the opinion of the Romans?
Why was Julius Cæsar called Dioneus?
What is said to have appeared while the
games in honour of J. Cæsar were cele-
brating?

What is promised from the new star?
How was the memory of it perpetuated?
What is said of seeing a wolf, and of being
seen by one?

Where were the sepulchres of the ancients erected?

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beans and wheat still approved of? What does the verse, Atque levem, &c. consisting of dactyles represent?

What advantages are supposed to result from burning the stubble?

What additional benefits does Pliny reckon? For what weather does the poet direct the farmer to pray?

Under whose reign did the silver age begin? What instruments does Virgil think necessary to farmers?

Give some account of the different parts of the plough,

What science does he recommend to their attention?

What is mentioned as indicative of a fruitful season? What the reverse? When and how does he direct to sow the different kinds of grain?

What time is meant by brume? What time by solstitium? Who was Maia?

Where is the constellation Boötes? What belief had the ancients with regard to the figure of the earth?

What method was adopted to facilitate the reducing of grain to flour before the invention of wind and water mills?

Where is Mount Pindus ? Parnassus? Hel- What opinion is given with respect to holy

ico Citharon?

days?

What works are best suited to the night?
What to the day and warm weather?
For what were the berries of laurels and
wild myrtle used?

What employments does the poet recommend
for the winter?

Who conspired to scale the heavens and de-
throne Jupiter?

Where are the Balcares? Why were they
so called? What are they now called?
For what were the inhabitants remarkable?
Describe the ambarvalia.

How was warning of an approaching storm
of wind said to be given?
What were the twelve prognostics of rain?
What idea had the ancients of the rainbow?
How may Asia, an adjective, be distinguish-
ed from Asia, a substantive?
What are the prognostics of fair weather?
What prognostics are drawn from the moon?
from the sun?

Of what crime was Scylla guilty?
Why was the hawk fabled constantly to
pursue the lark?

What remarkable appearance is the sun
said to have presented after the death of
Julius Cæsar?

When did Julius Cæsar die?
What other prodigies are said to have hap-
pened about this time?

What appearance does the Palatine hill now
present?

GEORGICS. BOOK II.

What is the subject of the second book?
Whom does the poet invoke?
What mode of supporting vines is practised
in Italy?

What is said of the esculus?

What modes of propagating trees does the poet enumerate?

Where is Mount Ismarus? for what celebrated?

What is meant by felices mali? What vir-
tuos are attributed to it?

What story is related by Athenæus ?
How does the poet speak of his own coun-
try?

Where was Panchaia? for what celebrated?
What virtue were the waters of the Clitum-
nus supposed to possess?

What remarkable tree in Consentia is mentioned by Pliny and Varro?

Whence did the lake of Avernus receive its waters?

What soil is best suited to olives? vines ? pasture? wheat?

How are the soils to be distinguished? What directions are given for cultivating the vine?

What does the poet probably mean by arboribus quadret?

From what has the quincunx its name? What depth is recommended for the trenches?

How should the vineyards lie?

From what part of the vine should the cut-
tings be taken?

What season is best for planting vineyards?
How should the layers be planted?
When is the pruning knife to be used?
Name some of the things hurtful to the
vine.

Why was the goat sacrificed to Bacchus ?
Whence had tragedy its name?

Why was hazel employed in the sacrifices
to Bacchus ?

In the culture of vines how often should the ground be ploughed?

Why should the leaves be taken off? and

how often?

What cares remain after the cold season
comes on?

What size is recommended for a farm?
What care is necessary for the olive?
For what was the pine used? the cedar?
the cypress? the willow?

Where is Mount Taburnus? for what cele-What is it supposed was called cedar?
brated?

Of whom does the poet implore assistance? What is the nature of the trees which grow without cul ivation?

What effect is produced by engrafting and
cultivating them?

What is said of trees raised from the seed?
Why was the myrtle called Paphian?
What use was made of the fir tree?
Is it now supposed that the mode of

For what were the other trees mentioned
used?

How did Bacchus cause the death of the
Centaurs?

Where did the goddess of justice take up
her abode before she finally quitted the
earth?

What two conditions does the poet emphatically call happy? graft-What were the populi fasces?

ing here recommended would succeed? What is the distinction between grafting] and budding?

Are there any modes of grafting now in use
different from that here alluded to?
Why is the olive called bitter What is its
flavour when ripe?

Where is Methymna? for what celebrated?
What is said of the Aminæan wines?
Who were the Geloni? from whom descen-
ded?

What country is said alone to produce cbo-
ny? What is included under this name?
Where is the shrub found which produces
fran incense?

What custom had the Dacians before going
to war?

What was the ancient name of Tyre?
How were the seats arranged in the Roman
theatre?

Where was Sicyon? for what was it fa
mous?

GEORGICS. BOOK III.
What is the subject of this book?
How does the poet unfold his design?
Why is Pales invoked?
What is said of Amphrysus?
Mount Lycaus?

What o.

Whence had the ancients silk' What did Who was Eurystheus; and why called du

they suppose it to be

rus ?

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Why does the poet mention Alphea flumina? What is said of the honey of Hymettus?

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What cares are assigned to the elder bees?
How are the younger employed?
What curious remark respecting the differ-
ent cells has been made by Delille?
Who was Dedalus ?

What has given rise to the idea that bees
carry a load as ballast?

How many eggs is the queen bee said to deposit in a year?

What is said of their zeal in making honey? To what number of years is their term of life said to be limited?

What account is given of the sovereign's authority?

Where was the Hydaspes?

What hypothesis was received by the
Greeks from Pythagoras?

Does the poet imply that he is among the
supporters of this opinion?

What measures were to be adopted in tak-
ing the honey?

What were the Pleiades called?
What is meant by Piscis aquosi?
What does the poet advise in case of the
prospect of a severe winter?

What was the object in fumigating the
hives?

What is the stellio?
Who was Arachne?

tacks the bees?

To what substances did the Greeks and Ro-How may it be known when any disease at mans give the name of electrum? What has been asserted respecting fishes on the authority of Aristotle? Have subsequent observations confirmed this opinion?

What measures should be pursued in this case?

GEORGICS. BOOK IV. What is the subject of this book?

How does the author regard it, as to its importance?

Why is honey called aerial?

What virtue does the galbanum possess ? Where is Mount Hymettus, and in what does it abound?

Why was centaury so called?

What is the amelius supposed to be?
Why were the Egyptians termed gens fortu
nata?

Where was Canopus? Why termed Pella-
an?

What situation is the most favourable for Where has the Nile its source? bees?

What enemies are they to be guarded against?

Who was Procne?

How are the bees governed?

What mode of procedure is recommended in case the stock of bees should wholly fail?

Was the belief in the efficacy of this mode general?

What is said of the introduction of the fable What did Æneas see soon after disembarkof Aristæus?

Who was the mother of Aristæus ?

How did he obtain his knowledge of this mode of recovering bees? Who was Arethusa?

Where was Carpathus? What is its modern name?

Who was Proteus?

By what means was information to be obtained from him?

What did Aristaus learn from Proteus?
What is the fable of Orpheus?

Why was the lyre called cava testudo ?
What effect had the music of Orpheus?
What advice did Cyrene give her son after
the disappearance of Proteus?
Who were the Napææ?

Did Aristæus execute his mother's orders?
What took place afterward?
How does Virgil say Cæsar was employed
while he flourished in the studies of ease?
What occupation did the Romans call oti-
um ?

Where did Virgil reside when he gave the last corrections to this work?

At what age did he begin his eclogues?

ENEID. BOOK I.

What occasioned the siege of Troy? How long did it continue? How did it terminate?

Who was Æneas? In what year of his wanderings is he first introduced to the reader?

How does Virgil make known the circumstances of the siege?

What is said of the four verses sometimes prefixed to the Eneid?

Give an account of the characters mentioned in the note at the bottom of page 401. Why was Æneas condemned to so much suffering?

Why is it said that the Alban fathers and the walls of Rome sprang from Lavinium?

Why was Juno hostile to the Trojans ?
How was Carthage situated?
How was it regarded by Juno?
Why was Samos esteemed by that goddess?
What was the decision of Paris?

What were the names and offices of the
Fates?

Who was Ganymedes? Whose place and office did he take?

How long were Æneas and the Trojans compelled to wander before they reached the Tiber?

Does Virgil mention more than one Ajax?
Where was Eolia?

Of whom did Juno ask assistance?
Who was Eolus?

How did he regard the request of Juno?
How did Neptune regard the Trojans?
What relief did he afford them?
How are the expressions graviter commotus,
and placidum caput to be reconciled?
How many ships had Eneas when he left
Troy?

How many nov remained to him after the storm?

ing?

What did he obtain and share with his companions?

What encouragement did he give them? Who interceded with Jove in behalf of the Trojans?

Who built Padua ?

How did Jupiter regard Venus, and what did he unfold to her?

Whom does the poet consider the founder of the Julian family?

How did Jupiter secure to the Trojans a hospitable reception from the Carthaginians?

What course did Æneas pursue?
Who was Achates?

With whom did Æneas meet in the wood?
Who was Harpalyce?
Who was Agenor?

What request did Æneas make of Venus?
What information did she give him?
What account did she give of Dido?
How did Dido purchase the land for her
city?

What fable respecting the planet Venus is cited by Varro?

What advice and assurance did Venus give Eneas?

What is said of the offerings to Venus? How did the goddess guard her son to the town?

How did Eneas find the Tyrians, or Carthaginians, employed?

What omen had been given to the Carthaginians?

What was this thought to portend?
What circumstance particularly encouraged
Æneas?

What subjects of the paintings are enumerated?

Why was Achilles exasperated against Priam and Agamemnon?

Who was Penthesilea? Who were the Amazons?

How is Dido described when entering the temple of Juno?

Whom did Æneas meet in this temple? Who first addressed Dido? In what manner?

What is said of the 534th verse of book 1st? How did the queen receive Ilioneus and his companions?

What encouragement had Æneas to make
himself known?
Who was Orontes?

What is purpureus used to express ?
How is Æneas described?

How was he received by Dido?
For what did Achates return to the fleet?
How did Venus guard Æneas from imposi-
tion?

What is the amaracus? What virtue was
it supposed to possess?
Who was Typhoeus?
What is said of the noun penum?
How were the boy and the presents regard
ed by the Tyrians and Dido?
To whom was the fountain Acidalia sacred?
Whom did Dido invoke to ratify the peace ?
What inquiries did she make of Æneas?
What request did she finally make?

ENEID. BOOK II.

What is the subject of the second book? How was this book probably esteemed by the author?

Before whom, and in what place, does Eneas recount the particulars of the sacking of Troy?

At what time did he begin, as intimated by cadentia sidera?

Who were the Myrmidons? and who the Dolopians?

By what stratagem did the Greeks finally get possession of Troy?

Where did the Greeks conceal their fleet in the mean time?

What advice respecting the horse was given by Thymates?

What by Capys and Laocoon?

With what action did Laocoon accompany his advice?

Who was Sinon? What account does he give of himself?

Who was Palamedes? and what has his fate to do with Sinon's story? Why, according to Sinon, did Minerva withdraw her aid from the Greeks? What miracle does he relate of her statue? How did the Romans take their auspices in their distant expeditions?

What reason does Sinon give for building the horse?

What reason for making it so large?
What happened to Laocoon?

In what light did the Trojans regard this

omen ?

What finally determined them to receive the horse into the city? How was this effected?

What distinction exists between muri and mania?

Who was Cassandra? What fatality attended her?

Under what circumstances did Sinon free the Greeks from their confinement? How were the Greeks informed that their plot had succeeded?

How did Æneas receive information of the entrance of the Greeks?

What course did Aneas pursue?
Who was Panthus ?

What account did he give Æneas?
Who was Corobus?

What success had the Trojans at first?
For whom did Androgeos take them?
Who proposed to the Trojans to adopt the
Grecian dress?

What was the consequence of doing it?
What is said of Ripheus?
What was the testudo?

What scene did Priam's palace present?
How did Æneas gain access to it?
How was the palace defended?

Who was Pyrrhus ?

How is the entrance of the Greeks into Pri

am's palace described?

Where was Helen at this time?
What were the intentions of areas?
How was he restrained?

What did Venus say caused the destruction
of Troy?

What did she point out to Æneas?
What advice did she give him?
Whither did she conduct him?
What resolution did Anchises form, and
persist in?

What effect had this determination on his
son?

Who was Creusa? What was her petition?
What miracle is related? and what effect

had it on Anchises?

What is the signification of apex?
What arrangement was made for the escape
of Æneas and his companions?
What were the Penates and the Lares?
Who of the refugees was missing when they
reached the temple of Ceres?

What steps did Æneas take to regain her?
Why did he revisit Priam's palace?
With what success did he meet?
What does Creüsa make known to him?
Why was the term Lydius applied to the
Tiber?

What surprise did Æneas meet with on his
return to his friends?

ENEID. BOOK III.

Of what does Æneas give an account in the third book?

On what model is it written, and what space of time do the events in it occupy? For what does it afford opportunity to the poet?

What determined the Trojans to seek a retreat in a foreign land?

Where was Antandros? for what was the
place peculiarly fitted?
When did the Trojans sail?

Who was Lycurgus the son of Dryas?
Where did Æneas first land?
What prodigy influenced him to leave this
place?

Who was Polydore?

Who was king of Thrace at the time of Eneas' landing?

What honours did they pay to Polydore? Why were the rites of sepulture considered so important?

To what place did they next sail? and how were they received?

Where is Delos? Give some account of

it.

Name some of the Cyclades which surround it.

Why is the term geus applied to Neptune?

Why was Apollo called pius? Why styled Thymbræan?

What petition did Æneas prefer to the god at Delos?

What answer did the oracle return?

Why did Hecuba and her daughters fly to What did Anchises understand from this ro

the altar?

What was Priam's fate?

Why was Pyrrhus called Neoptolemus?

How was Æneas affected by the death of
Priam?

sponse?

Who was Cybele, and from what did she take her name?

For what port did the Trojans sail from Deles?

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