QUESTIONS. The answers to the following questions are generally to be found in the notes and the text, but in some instances reference to the Classical Dictionary will be necessary; and, for a few of the first, to the Life of Virgil prefixed to the notes. Who was Virgil; and where was he born? In what year of Rome was he born; and how long before Christ? Who were his parents; and of what rank? Where did Virgil receive his early education? Where did he complete his studies? How old was he when Julius Cæsar was assassinated? By whose assistance did he gain admission to the court of Augustus? What effect was produced by Virgil's repeating the lines in the Eneid referring to Marcellus? How did Octavia express her admiration of How much time was spent in writing the Of what that of Tityrus? Who is Amaryllis supposed to have been Why does Servius think Rome is not aliuded to under this name? Of what extravagant adulation is the poet guilty? What prior instance of this is mentioned? How do the pronouns hic, iste, and ille differ in signification? How was Tityrus mistaken in his idea of the resemblance of Rome to Mantua? What does Tityrus assign as the cause of his visiting Rome? How was the agriculture of Italy carried What does the poet mean by representing Why does he speak of him as past labour? Where, and under what circumstances did he die? What battle decided the fate of the republican party in Rome? In whose power was the empire placed by this battle? In what manner did they reward their troops? In what year of Rome was this distribution of lands made? Where did Virgil live at this time? How was he affected by the measures of By whom was his property restored? Of what were the instruments of music, What had been decreed by the senate? Where was Virgil's farm situated? To what does the poet probably refer under Why is the term Hyblæan applied to bees? Where is the Arar? What is its modern What tradition existed with regard to Britain? Why were the roofs of cottages called culmina? Were chimneys in use in the time of Virgil? When were they, in the modern sense, first used? How was the smoke disposed of previous to that time? ECLOGUE II. Where is the lizard that Corydon speaks of found? How is it described? How do the cicade differ from our grasshoppers? Why should not vaccinia nigra be translated' black hyacinths?" Where was Aracynthus? From what is the epithet Acteus received Who were the Naiads? The Nereïds? Who were the Dryads? The Hamadryads? What appellation had all fruit contained in shells? When was the plant which we call laurel introduced into Europe? Why is laurus supposed to mean the bay?" To whom is the foundation of the Acropo- What law of Numa, with regard to the vine, does Servius cite? ECLOGUE III. What kind of dispute is contained in Eclogue third? What are the peculiarities of this inode of writing? Who are the parties engaged in the dialogue? Whom do they make judge between them? Who were Bavius and Mævius? What does Survius assert respecting this riddle? What solution does Servius himself prefer? What solution has Ciaconi suggested and Cerda adopted? What is understood by Menalcas' riddle? ECLOGUE IV. Whence did the people of Rome expect relief from the miseries produced by the civil wars? When were C. Asinius Pollio and Cn. Calvinus consuls? Who was the child referred to by the poet? Why is the term Sicelides applied? What was the prophecy of the Cumaan Sybil? Who is meant by Virgo in the sixth line? What is baccar; and what its efficacy? Who was Thetis? Who was Tiphys? What blessings does the poet promise, when the child shall have arrived at manhood? What is lutum? What sandyx? What peculiar honours followed an apotheosis? What is saliunca? What conclusion is drawn from the word mater used by Mopsus? How is it understood by others? What is meant by hasta? What was the thyrsus? What were the fontinalia? What does Heyne understand by fontibus umbras? Is any thing offered in proof of this supposition? What does the line, Amavit nos, &c., with those which follow, serve to prove In how many lines were the death and apotheosis of Daphnis celebrated? What distinction existed between ara and altaria? When were the ambarvalia celebrated? What were liba? Who was Priapus? To whom were these mountains sacred? What is the sardois? What were its effects? Where is Aganippe? What in Thyrsis' verse disproves the exist-Who is meant by Chalcidico? Who was ence of chimneys? Who gained the victory in this contest? ECLOGUE VIII. How is the eighth eclogue divided? What is the subject of the first part? What of the second? Where was Pollio probably at this time? Why does the poet say that his last subject shall be Pollio's praise? Where is Mænalus? To whom was it sacred? What ceremony practised at the Roman nuptials is alluded to? Who is the mother addressed by Damon ? ECLOGUE IX. What is said of the soldier to whom Virgil's What points of similarity have the situations of Menalcas and Virgil? For what purpose was the ninth eclogue prepared? Why should bees avoid yew trees? Why is Chaonias applied to pigeons? Euphorion? From whom does the poet borrow his bow and arrow? For what were the Parthians and Cretans remarkable? Who were the Pierides? What request does the poet make of them? GEORGICS. BOOK I. From what is the term Georgica derived? What sign of the Zodiac was called Erigone? Why was the Scorpion represented as drawing in his claws? How is the subject of the first book taken up? How is Bis qua sensit commonly interpreted? What is more probably the poet's meaning? Where is Tmolus? for what remarkable? Who were the Chalybes? for what celebrated? When, according to Columella, did Arcturus rise? By what means would the poet preserve and increase the strength of the soil? What crops does he advise to cultivate in succession? What distinction is made between vates and For what kind of land is the succession of poeta? which is the higher? Was good fortune betokened in the opinions of the Greeks by auspices on the right or left? How in the opinion of the Romans? What is promised from the new star? Where were the sepulchres of the ancients erected? beans and wheat still approved of? What does the verse, Atque levem, &c. consisting of dactyles represent? What advantages are supposed to result from burning the stubble? What additional benefits does Pliny reckon? For what weather does the poet direct the farmer to pray? Under whose reign did the silver age begin? What instruments does Virgil think necessary to farmers? Give some account of the different parts of the plough, What science does he recommend to their attention? What is mentioned as indicative of a fruitful season? What the reverse? When and how does he direct to sow the different kinds of grain? What time is meant by bruma? What time by solstitium? Who was Maia? Where is the constellation Boötes? What belief had the ancients with regard to the figure of the earth? What method was adopted to facilitate the reducing of grain to flour before the invention of wind and water mills? Where is Mount Pindus ? Parnassus? Hel- What opinion is given with respect to holy ico Citharon? days? What works are best suited to the night? What employments does the poet recommend Who conspired to scale the heavens and de- Where are the Baleares? Why were they How was warning of an approaching storm Of what crime was Scylla guilty? What remarkable appearance is the sun When did Julius Cæsar die? What other prodigies are said to have hap- GEORGICS. BOOK II. What is the subject of the second book? What mode of supporting vines is practised What is said of the esculus? What is meant by felices mali? What vir- What story is related by Athenæus ? Where was Panchaia? for what celebrated? What remarkable tree in Consentia is mentioned by Pliny and Varro? Whence did the lake of Avernus receive its waters? What soil is best suited to olives? vines? pasture? wheat? How are the soils to be distinguished? What directions are given for cultivating the vine? What does the poet probably mean by arboribus quadret? From what has the quincunx its name? What depth is recommended for the trenches? How should the vineyards lie? From what part of the vine should the cut- What season is best for planting vineyards? vine. Why was the goat sacrificed to Bacchus? Why was hazel employed in the sacrifices In the culture of vines how often should the ground be ploughed? Why should the leaves be taken off? and how often? What cares remain after the cold season comes on? What modes of propagating trees does the What size is recommended for a farm? poet enumerate? What care is necessary for the olive? Where is Mount Ismarus? for what celebra-For what was the pine used? the cedar? ted? Where is Mount Taburnus? for what brated? the cypress? the willow? cele-What is it supposed was called cedar? For what were the other trees mentioned used? Of whom does the poet implore assistance? What is the nature of the trees which grow without cul ivation? What effect is produced by engrafting and What is said of trees raised from the seed? How did Bacchus cause the death of the Where did the goddess of justice take up What two conditions does the poet emphatically call happy? graft-What were the populi fasces? ing here recommended would succeed? What is the distinction between grafting and budding? Are there any modes of grafting now in use Where is Methymna? for what celebrated? Who were the Geloni? from whom descen- What country is said alone to produce cbony? What is included under this name? What custom had the Dacians before going What was the ancient name of Tyre? Where was Sicyon? for what was it fa mous? GEORGICS. BOOK III. Where is the shrub found which produces What is said of Amphrysus? Mount Lycæus? What o. What did Who was Eurystheus; and why called du rus? Where was Corycus? What is shown by the Corycian's improvement of his land? What is said of the domestic economy of What is fabled of the tears of Narcissus? Why does the poet mention Alphea flumina? What is said of the honey of Hymettus? What is the story of Leander? Where was the Cinyps? What was the Cinyphian goat? How did the ancients reckon the day? Where is Rhodope? What does Maupertuis assert to have taken place during his Northern journey? What is said of the wool of sheep fed on poor pasture? Why is the care of hounds and mastiffs urged? What is galbanum? Of what does the poet treat from the 416 What serpent is particularly mentioned? What disease of sheep is described? Give some account of the postilence that What is the distinction between infula and To what substances did the Greeks and Ro- GEORGICS. BOOK IV. What is the subject of this book? How does the author regard it, as to its importance? Why is honey called aerial? What cares are assigned to the elder bees? What has given rise to the idea that bees How many eggs is the queen bee said to deposit in a year? What is said of their zeal in making honey? To what number of years is their term of life said to be limited? What account is given of the sovereign's authority? Where was the Hydaspes? What hypothesis was received by the Does the poet imply that he is among the What measures were to be adopted in tak- What were the Pleiades called? What was the object in fumigating the What is the stellio? How may it be known when any disease at tacks the bees? What measures should be pursued in this case? What virtue does the galbanum possess ? Where is Mount Hymettus, and in what does it abound? Why was centaury so called? What is the amelius supposed to be? Where was Canopus? Why termed Pella- What situation is the most favourable for Where has the Nile its source? bees? What enemies are they to be guarded against? Who was Procne? How are the bees governed? What mode of procedure is recommended in case the stock of bees should wholly fail? Was the belief in the efficacy of this mode general? |