part, is broken on an average by 14 tons applied at the central point; compute from this a constant for beams of this material, and calculate the ultimate strength of a girder 26 ft. clear span, 24 in. deep, and 6 in. wide. If several such spans were continuous, with the above girders in line, how can they be best constructed and united ? 5. Draw a specification for the iron work of bolting together of the superposed pieces, and of the timber as to quality and workmanship. 6. In the woodcut is given the cross section of a cast iron girder at the centre of the span; draw the cross section of it which would be required at the point 8 ft. from the centre, the depth being at this point 1'8". 375, and the breadth of the bottom flange being at all parts of the girder 12". The clear span is 28 ft., and it is designed to carry 20 tons uniformly distributed, and not to have a greater tensile strain than tons per square inch; the vertical web is to be in. in both sections. In the answer, attention must be given in the drawing both to the top and bottom flanges of the transverse section; and a proof must be given, that in the central section, with that assigned load, the strain will not be greater than that intended. 7. A girder bridge is to be carried over a road 25 ft. square span, and the width of the line over being 31 ft. from face to 12 face, it is required to design the girders, which are to have 2' 4" bearing on the abutments; the angle of intersection of the axes of the road and line over it being 39°; the girders are to be plate wrought iron in material. Compute also the length of the abutments. 8. If, instead of a girder bridge, it were determined to erect a segmental arch, the rise being one-fourth of the square span; compute in this case the radius, the length of the arc or development, and the obliquity of the bridge; and hence the angle called ẞ in the Text-book. How would you proceed to determine whether ẞ required any adjustment, the number of courses being 51 ? 9. In the oblique bridge mentioned in No. 8, the length of the heading spiral being 52.4954 ft., and the number of courses, or voussoirs in the elevation, being 51, compute the adjusted angle ẞ, and the depth of the arch ring being 2 ft. 6 in., compute the angle 4. 10. In the same bridge, compute the dimensions of the winding strips, and the distance apart at which their ends are to be placed so as to obtain the true twist of the beds. 11. Prove that the joints of the voussoirs on the elevation, if produced, meet in one point, and determine the point. 12. Give a statement of what has been taught you as to cast iron cylinder foundations, with and without air pressure. 13. Give full details of a coffer-dam for an abutment for a bridge, the depth of water being 4 ft. at low water, and the rise and fall at spring tides 10 ft. A firm substratum is found at 5 ft. below the existing ground line; no rock is found near the site. The dam is to consist of a single line of timber piles. The intended abutment is to range with the present line of the banks, which consist of rubble walls backed with made ground. A general plan is to be given, and a transverse section, showing all the requisite arrangements and details of every kind. 14. Write down an account of the Hownes Gill viaduct, built of brickwork, as detailed to you at lectures. 15. Give specifications of the bond in masonry and in brickwork, and in the case of stone and brick united in the same wall. 16. Write out the chief points in a specification for ballasting a line of railway, for the sleepers and for the rails, fish-plates, &c. 17. Describe the various Rain gauges which have been shown and explained to you, and the objects aimed at in the several details, and state how you would apply the instrument in reporting on any district proposed as a gathering ground. Give a statement of the amount of rainfall in various parts of Ireland, and of the evaporation from a water surface as deduced from Dr. Haughton's experiments. 18. At the Edinburgh waterworks the cast iron pipe leading from the Crawley spring is 44,400 ft. long, with a head of 226 ft., and 15 inch in diameter. Compute the velocity with which the water flows. 19. What would be the bursting pressure in the above pipe at a point where the head was 180 ft., and what thickness would be given to the cast iron, and state how cast iron pipes are proved, and the test or specification for the quality of the metal employed, and of the construction of each pipe. 20. A cistern with vertical sides and an area 4 ft. x 3 ft. discharges by a circular orifice one inch in diameter. At the commencement the charge was 5.5 ft. to the centre, and in 4 minutes 20 secds. it had descended I ft. 6 inches. Compute the mean hydraulic charge, and with it calculate the coefficient of contraction in this case. 21. In a lock gate the sluice is constructed of wrought iron plate inch thick, and when fully raised the opening is a rectangle 12 inches wide and 10 inches high; the sides and sill are of timber, the former 9 inches, and the latter 12 inches square; what would be the coefficient of contraction when the sluice is fully opened, and when raised 5 inches? Compute the discharge when the difference of level of the water on each side of the gate is 7 feet. 22. Describe the method of working the Mont Cenis tunnel; Ist, as to the manner in which the holes are spaced and bored by the air pressure machines, and 2nd, the subsequent processes by manual labour. 23. Sketch the method of constructing wrought iron or steel boilers, showing the arrangement of the plates and method of riveting the several seams, longitudinal and transverse. 24. A boiler 7 ft. diameter has to sustain 20 lbs. per square inch of steam pressure. Compute the requisite thickness of the plates, deducing fully and clearly the formula you employ in calculating. 25. In a curve having a radius of 26 chains 50 links (statute), and with an angle of intersection of the centre lines of 144° 26'. Compute the length of the curve, and if the chaining up to the springing point be 121 chains 80 links, calculate the angle for the Ist odd distance, and for the 2nd do., and for each chain, and state and prove the practical approximate rule by which you compute the angles. 26. If the above curve were set out, not by angles, but by the method of offsets at the chain end, compute that offset for the above radius, and describe how you would proceed with setting it out by this method with the Ist odd distance as above in No. 25. 27. In setting out a curve in very broken and precipitous ground, the points may be obtained from the chord line ab. Compute accurately the perpendicular distance from any point c in the chord to d in the curve, the radius being R, proving the formula you employ; and as a check on this, compute the same approximately, and show by a diagram what the approximation is. 28. In the above woodcuts are given transverse sections of sewers. Explain the different materials used in each part. Referring to the several details, state the objects attained thereby, and their respective adaptation to the levels of the ground and the nature of the soil through which they are carried, mentioning the several numbers in your answer. 29. In the section of a sewer given in the annexed engraving, the radius R of the crown is double that of the invert r, and the radius of the curved sides AB is equal to the sum of the diameters of these circles. Compute the angle a being given R and r; and secondly, calculate the area of the transverse section from the bottom of the invert up to the line 40, and the border of the same that is 2AB+ BC, and hence the hydraulic mean depth. 30. If a deposited Parliamentary map and section be laid before you, how far can you check the accuracy of its figures from what is given on the face of the document? And if required to check the accuracy of the section in the field, how would you use the lithographed section with that object? If, on the other hand, you would check the compliance or non-compliance of the map and section with Standing Orders, give a list of the particulars you would search for. 31. Draw in the Isometrical Projection a body 3 ft. square and one foot thick; from each angle has been taken a portion, by a vertical plane passing through points 6 inches from each angle, and thus forming an octagon from the centre also has been taken a circular opening 1 foot 6 ins. in diameter through to the opposite side. Compute the ratio of the major and minor axes of the isometric ellipse, and the ratio in which the regulating lines are reduced, and also the diagonal, of the three isometric planes. 32. At what angle is the Theodolite before you clamped? Draw a line making an angle of 147° 41' with the line drawn upon the paper, and cutting it at the point. 1. If we assent to the truth of Bishop Pearson's supposition, that S. Polycarp was 86 years old at the time of his Martyrdom, what inconvenience would arise? 2. The question of S. Polycarp's youthful Ordination did not concern Bp. Pearson in the maintenance of his theory? 3. What is the substance of Dr. Routh's note upon the words, ouros πρωτότοκός ἐστι τοῦ Σατανᾶ ? 4. How many Books of the New Testament have been cited by S. Polycarp ? 5. For what purpose, and at what time, did S. Polycarp undertake a journey to Rome ?—and how was his visit to that city productive of important consequences? 6. State the argument employed by the Socinian Dr. Priestley, in his controversy with Bishop Horsley, respecting S. John's declaration that our Lord Jesus Christ has "come in the flesh," as this complex proposition has been used in S. Polycarp's Epistle. 7. To whom, and at what time, was S. Leo's Tome written ?—and how did the Churches of Italy and Gaul subsequently show the very high estimation in which this most precious document was held by them ? 8. The reception which Pope Leo's Letter met with at the Fourth General Council has been vainly relied on by many Romanists as a proof of Papal Infallibility? 9. In what collection of ancient treatises did Josias Simler, of Zurich, publish this Epistle of S. Leo in the sixteenth century? 10. S. Leo's doctrinal definitions were set forth with so much ability, and such abundant proof from Scripture, that fables have been invented relative to the composition of this celebrated Letter? II. An incorrect translation of Pope Leo's Letter was made use of by the followers of Eutyches to mislead the Armenian Bishops with regard to the doctrines of the Fathers assembled at Chalcedon ? 12. Quesnel has called attention to the fact, that the Roman Council, under Pope Gelasius, at the end of the fifth century, pronounced a remarkable Anathema with reference to the text of S. Leo's Letter? 13. Before the Corpus Ignatianum appeared, Mr. Cureton had published a volume on the Epistles of S. Ignatius? 14. What was Calvin's opinion of the Ignatian Epistles ? 15. Mr. Cureton, on one occasion, argued towards two opposite conclusions from the same premisses? 16. In what year did Archbishop Ussher publish his edition of the Ignatian Epistles ?-Which of the genuine Epistles did he reject as spurious? and how was he in error with regard to S. Jerom's testimony concerning it? 17. The evidence for the true Epistles of S. Ignatius is not affected by the arguments drawn from the Syriac MSS. ? 18. The seven Ignatian Epistles were certainly received by the ancient Syrian Church? 19. Dr. Petermann having shown that the Armenian version of the Letters of S. Ignatius was made from the Syriac, the claim of exclusive authenticity, put forward by Mr. Cureton in behalf of three Epistles, falls to the ground? 20. By whom, and when, were the MSS. from the Nitrian Desert procured for the British Museum ?-and who among the Provosts of Trinity College, Dublin, had unsuccessfully visited the Syrian Convent in which many valuable MSS. were preserved ? 21. What writer has given a summary of the events of Bp. De Bury's life-and where can the work be very easily found? 22. Who was the author of the lines,— "Nummicolæ cum Libricolis nequeunt simul esse. |