MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS.

Married.]-At St. George's, Hanover-square, John Ynyr Burgos, Esq., to Lady Caroline Clements, youngest daughter of the Earl and Countess Leitrim.

Viscount Torrington, to Miss Astley, daughter of Sir John Dugdale Astley, of Langhamplace, and Eveleigh, Wiltshire.

The Count de Boissire, to Miss Saunders, of Bryanstone-square.

Died.]-In Edinburgh, the Dowager Lady Cunningham Fairlie, wife of J. Hathorn, Esq. At Logiealmond, Lady Stewart Drummond. The Right Rev. Dr. Gradwell, Bishop of

Lydda, and coadjutor to the Right Rev. Dr. Bramston, Bishop of Usula, Vicar Apostolic in the London district.

At Laulpettah, near Vellore, J. S. Lushington, second son of the Right Hon. S. R. Lushington, Governor of the Madras Presidency.

At Bath, the Hon. Mrs. Mackay, mother to Lord Reay, aged 82.

At Howbury-hall, near Bedford, the seat of her son, Frederick Polhill, Mary, the relict of the late John Polhill, Esq., of Howbury-hall, and of Cavendish-square, in the 74th year of her age.

PROVINCIAL OCCURRENCES

IN THE COUNTIES OF ENGLAND, AND IN WALES, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND.

LONDON.

New Cemetery.-A plan for a new cemetery, something resembling that of Pere la Chaise, has been formed. It is proposed to occupy a site of about eighteen acres, on a rising ground near Highgate. Mr. Goodwin, the architect, is the originator of this design.

Drainage and Sewerage of London. Mr. Donaldson, the architect, has delivered a lecture at the Royal Institution, on the drainage and sewerage of the metropolis, with special reference to a plan of Mr. John Martin, the distinguished artist, for improving the drainage of London, whereby the sewerage might be preserved as manure for agricultural purposes. Mr. Donaldson drew a picture, by no means agreeable, of the existing state of the Thames at London, which he characterized as really a huge sewer, or cloaca maxima, owing to the volumes of filth and putrescent matter which roll down to it from Fleet Ditch, King's Scholar's Pond Sewer, and other large drains. The chief feature of Mr. Martin's plan is the formation of a grand sewer on each bank of the river (for the body of the city), the tops sufficiently high to form quays. He proposes that the sides of the sewers should be constructed of iron caissons, the bottom paved with brick, and the top arched with sheet iron. The whole length of the sewers, on both banks, would be seven miles and a half. The drainage, he proposes, should be received into receptacles, the grand one to be situate at the first convenient space near the embouchure of the Regent's Canal, at the extreme east of London, from whence the soil might be conveyed to barges, and transported by canals to various parts of the country. Mr. Martin has also contrived, in order to obviate the smell arising from drains and the fall of grit and rubbish into the gullies, a box of cast iron, open at the top, on which the grating is placed, with a flap of wood suspended to the edge of the grating, and the bottom resting on the edge below, which simple contrivance excludes the smell from beneath, and the heavy substances which would fall to the bottom of the box, could be taken out by the scavengers. The whole cost of the sewers, including the quays, &c., he estimates at 60,000l. per mile. The plan, which is novel and ingenious, would make the filth, which now pollutes our river, the means of fertilizing our waste lands.

In an official report to one of the departments of Government, during the last month, it is stated that the value of property in every part of London, excepting what are called fashionable situations, has fallen at least one-fourth and in many instances one-third.

CORNWALL.

The discovery of the hull of a vessel imbedded in the beach near Newlyn, Mount's Bay, has excited much curiosity; and it appears by a letter from Mr. John A. Boase, of Penzance, that she was about fifty tons, flat-bottomed, clincher-built, of oak thirty feet long. Her ribs were not more than four inches apart, and sufficiently strong for a vessel double her size. There were marks of nails, but not a bit of iron was found, from which it would seem that wood, when shut up from the air, is the most durable. The vessel appears to have been in ballast when lost; two ancient coins were found on board, one of which was in a perfect state of preservation, and bore the inscription "Ave Maria," by which it appears to have been of ecclesiastical origin, but of what age, or of what country, it is difficult to say, as it was without date; but Mr. Boase says, that from its resemblance to the coins of the fourteenth century, and some other appearances, he should assign it to that period, and thinks it of Anglo-Norman origin.

DEVON.

Plymouth and Devonport Banking Company.-The first Annual General Meeting of this Company, has been held. The report of the Directors proved highly satisfactory and gratifying to the Proprietors. A dividend of one pound per share (equal to 6 per cent. on the advanced capital) was declared, and the retiring Direc tors were re-elected.

DORSET.

As some labourers were a short time since digging up a piece of meadow ground, about half a mile from Poole, they turned up an urn containing several hundred Roman coins. The urn, which was unfortunately broken, was of fine pottery. The coins were in the finest preservation, and were of the reigns of the Emperors Valerianus, Gallienus, Claudius Gothicus. Quintillus, and Aurelianus; of Salonina, the wife of Gallienus; and of the usurpers (some of those known as the thirty tyrants) Postumus, Lælianus, Victorinus, Tetricus, and Tetricus Cæsar. These individuals all reigned from the middle to the latter part of the third century. The coins are nearly all of the third brass, and only a few of silver. Many of them are commonly met with; but some, particularly those of Quintillus, who reigned but seventeen days, are of considerable rarity. But the most interesting circumstance connected with the discovery of these coins is, that it sets at rest whether Poole was or was not known in the period during which the Romans had possession of this island; for this discovery-which, we believe, is not an isolated one, as similar coins are stated to have been found recently-so near the town, together with the remains of Roman vicinal ways, still traceable leaning thither, shows that our topographers are erroneous in saying that Poole was unknown in the British, Roman, or Saxon times.-Western Flying Post.

DURHAM.

Powerful Steam Engine.-One of the largest steam engines (and probably the most powerful one) in the world commenced working during the month at Colonel Braddyll's new colliery at South Hetton, near Durham. This stupendous machine has been erected for the purpose of pumping water from a depth of eight hundred and seventy-six feet. The diameter of its cylinder is 84 inches-length of stroke in cylinder, nearly 10 feet-ditto in pumps, nearly 8 feet-diameter of pumps 18 inches, and when worked at ordinary speed, it will throw up from 55 to 60,000 gallons of water per hour. Its power is rated at that of 240 horses, but it is capable of exerting the power of 300 horses in action together.

ESSEX.

Boring for Water.-The system of boring for spring water is now practised in various parts of Essex with complete success. The operation of boring near the Sluice House, Canney Island, has been attended with a remarkable result. Water was found at the depth of 150 feet, so near the sea that the workmen were sometimes annoyed by the spray. During high water the well overflows at the rate of several gallons a minute, but decreases as the tide recedes: the water is never salt in the slightest degree. Lord Winchelsea, the owner of several farms in the island of Foulness, after having spent 5007. in attempting to find water upon the old plan,

relinquished the undertaking. His Lordship's tenants are now amply supplied with water by boring, who were obliged before to take their cattle several miles for

water.

Labour Rate. The reports from the parishes around us, where the principle of employing the poor has been adopted for the last 6 weeks, are very encouraging. At Folstead where the plan has been tried, there were from 50 to 60 men unemployed; not a man is now to be found idle, and the redundancy of labourers is converted into a scarcity. The husbandmen can now obtain wages according to their competence, and they have, in consequence, emerged from a comparative state of beggary to that situation in society which they formerly filled.-Essex Herald.

In the parish of Ardleigh a labour-rate has been agreed on by the inhabitants, as a means of promoting employment and diminishing the poor-rate. Every occupier of land assessed above the value of 57. is assessed at the rate of 4s. in the pound for six weeks. He is to keep an account of the labourers he employs for that time, and the wages he pays, which must not exceed 10s. a week. If the wages paid amount to his assessment, he is not called on to pay; but, if not, he is to pay the difference as his amount of poor-rate. The rate, at 4s. in the pound for six weeks, is calculated to be equal to the payment of all the able-bodied labourers in the parish for that period. The resolutions to continue in force for six months, and it is expected may produce beneficial results.

HAMPSHIRE.

Vindonium.-Some fine remains of the Roman station Vindonium have recently been discovered in a field at Silchester, near Strathfieldsay. Apartments paved with brick, coins, rings, and fragments of pottery, &c., have already rewarded the researches which are still being carried on.

LANCASHIRE.

Trade of Liverpool.-The customs duties received at this port during the last year amounted to nearly four millions sterling, giving an excess of 325,000/. over those of the preceding year. As the total increase in the kingdom was only 223,167., not only must the whole of that increase have taken place in this port, but the deficiencies of other places must have been compensated for, by the improve. ment of the trade of Liverpool. The increase would have been much greater, but for the cholera.

Antiquarian Curiosity.-A few weeks ago while the workmen employed for the Preston Water Company were engaged near the Chapel Well, at Longridge, in replacing the soil over a water-course or conduit which they had constructed some feet under the surface of the ground-one of them found amongst the materials a stone axe, which from its antique appearance might have been used in a remote age for domestic purposes, or as a battle-axe, or-should we speculate further-perhaps as an instrument wherewith to sacrifice animals or human beings on the altars of Druidical superstition. This singular weapon weighs about six pounds. It is about nine inches long, and is shaped like a common coal-axe, though owing to the more fragile nature of the material, it is necessarily of greater thickness and rotundity of shape. The back or hammer end is hemispherical, and the cutting or wedge end, which, if properly applied, would split a piece of deal, or cut a softish substance, has a pretty sharp edge. The hole for the handle, which is round, is 14 inch in diameter, it is placed five inches from the other, and appears to be ingeniously bored with a due regard to the advantageous use of the instrument, and the strength of the material. From the hole on each side there is a channel or hollow, which may probably have been considered ornamental. The stone itself is of a hard and compact texture, and of a muddy green colour like the stone with which great part of the streets of Edinburgh are paved. It is reasonable to suppose that neither iron nor maleable metals were known when this rude implement was made, and it becomes a curious speculation how long the labourer was employed in its formation, and in the grinding out of the hole for the handle; the last operation having probably been accomplished by the action of sand and water, applied by the tedious process of turning round a stick with the hand.-Preston Chronicle.

SUSSEX.

Emigration from Sussex.-The Petworth Agricultural Committee have just pub

The

lished six letters from emigrants who sailed from Portsmouth for Upper Canada, in April and May, 1832, amounting altogether to 767 persons, all from Sussex. letters contain the most satisfactory accounts of their success. They had all proceeded up the country, and had either settled on land or got employment at high wages. Observer.

A great buoy, marked "Wreck" on the head, has been laid in six fathoms at low water, spring-tides, about ten fathoms to the southward of the wreck of a brig sunk off Hastings, with the following marks and compass bearings, viz.-St. Leonard's Church on with Barlow's Windmill, bearing N.E. by N. N.; Barbeach Tower, its apparent breadth open to the westward of Barnham-hill Trees, N.W. & N.; Beachey Head W. N.; Fairlight, E. by N.

YORK.

Roman Remains. As some men were removing the soil for cellaring a new house about to be erected on the property of Mr. Eshelby, builder, situated near a mile out of York, on the right-hand side of the South road, about the depth of three feet from the surface, they came to what they supposed a curious drain, but which finally proved to be a Roman sepulchre. This sepulchre is formed of tiles, each being one foot seven inches of inner chord length, one foot three inches and a half in breadth, and one inch and one quarter of thickness. The tiles are curved in length, having a versed sine of two inches, and have on the sides elevated edges. The sepulchre consists in length of four of the tiles placed on the ground on their ends, resting against four corresponding ones, thus forming a Gothic arch, having a span of two feet; over the raised joints of the tiles are placed semi-conical tiles of seven inches inner diameter at one end, and nearly five inches inner diameter at the other, and of one foot seven inches in length. Each end of the tomb was nearly closed by a tile of the larger size, and the angles by the smaller. The ridge was also covered with the smaller curved tiles, but which were broken, according to the statement of the workmen, before they were aware of their importance. The larger portion of the tiles bear either the inscription LEG. V1. or LEG. VI. VI. and have prints from human fingers, sandals, and animals feet. Within the sepulchre was found, about six inches in thickness, a layer of the remains of a funeral pile, consisting of bones, charcoal, and several iron nails; but no vestige of urn, earthen vessel, coin, or fibula. It appears from inspection of the surrounding site that the ground had been removed to a large extent, and perhaps to four feet in depth, for the funeral pile; that afterwards the principal portion of the remains had been collected into an elongated mound, and covered with the tiles as above described. The vacant parts were filled through a lapse of ages with fine earth. A sepulchre of nearly similar form was found in 1768. The above curious specimen of an ancient tomb is now deposited in the Yorkshire Museum.-York Herald.

SCOTLAND.

At the last meeting of the Society of Scottish Antiquarians thirty-eight coins were presented from the large number found in October last in a metal casket in Hexham church-yard. The secretary exhibited an elegant snuff-box of horn, lined with gold, and mounted with silver, having set in the lid a beautifully painted miniature, half-length of Prince Charles Edward Stuart, in the Highland dress, which was presented (a short time after the battle of Culloden in 1746) by the Prince himself to Mackenzie of Gruinard. The miniature is believed to have been painted at Rome when the Prince was there previous to the rebellion, 1745.

[Yeomanry. Circulars have been issued to the officers commanding the different corps of yeomanry, requiring a return of their arms and ammunition, as well as their present state; also of the present depôts of arms, specifying such of them as are in the possession of the men.]

INDEX

TO THE FIRST PART OF 1833.