brian texts appear to show clearly both an absence of tendency to carry the optative ending into the first person of the indicative,11 and a strong tendency to extend the vowel of the second and third persons singular indicative into the first person. Northwestern University. "Note especially the forms in Lindisfarne, p. 454 above, and in Rushworth', p. 456 above. BIBLIOGRAFIA DI DEMONOLOGIA DANTESCA BY MAXIMILIAN J. RUDWIN ["The imagination of Dante," says Chateaubriand, "exhausted by nine circles of torment, has made simply an atrocious monster of Satan, locked up in the centre of the earth." Dis is not as important and as imposing a character in the Inferno, as Satan is in Paradise Lost, Mephistopheles in Faust or Lucifer in Cain. He has been almost wholly eclipsed in our interest by his younger and grander confrères. The light of literary criticism has rarely succeeded in penetrating to the very bottom of the bottomless pit where Dis is presiding, in the midst of his court of traitors, over eternal torment. Even David Masson in his learned essay Three Devils (1844) believed he could well afford to overlook Dis with impunity. The Dante bibliographies pass over him in silence. It is, however, to be hoped that a little of the glory of the Florentine poet, whose Sexcentenary is now celebrated, may be reflected upon his diabolical creation. To this aim a brief list of critical studies on the Dantean Devil has been compiled.] Federico Persico: Il poste dei diavoli nell' Inferno di Dante. Atti della reale Accademia di scienze morali e politiche. Società reale di Napoli. Toma XXXIV (1903), pp. 437-56. Joseph Spencer Kennard: The Fallen God and other essays in literature and art. Philadelphia, 1901. (Lucifer in Dante's Inferno, pp. 33-50.) Translated into Italian under the title: Il dio caduto. Firenze 1904. G. S. Ferrari: Lucifero in Dante e in alcuni altri poeti. La Rivista europea. Rivista internazionale. Firenze. Toma XXVI (1881), pp. 611-35. A Trio of Fiends. Cornhill's Magazine. London. Vol. LX (1889), pp. 264-75. (Lucifer in Dante's Inferno, pp. 65-68.) Maximilian J. Rudwin: Dante's Devil. The Open Court. Vol. XXXV, September, 1921. Edward Henry Pember: On the Conception and Treatment of Satan in Paradise Lost and Inferno. London, 1909. (In: Milton Memorial Lectures 1908, pp. 59-82.) Arturo Graf: La demonologia di Dante. leggende e superstizioni del Medio evo.) (In Volume 2 of his: Miti, Torino 1892-93. P. Raveggi: I'idealità spirituale in Dante, Milton, Klopstock, Goethe. Firenze 1903. Jules Pacheu: La Psychologie des mystiques chrétiens. Les Faits: le poème de la conscience. Dante et les mystiques. Paris 1909. (Lucifer in Dante's Inferno, pp. 176-89.) Maximilian J. Rudwin: Dante's Journey to Hell. The Open Court. Vol. XXXV, September, 1921. Hugo Daffner: Gleichartige Strafen in Dantes Hölle und in geistlichen Legenden. Eine Anregung. Deutsches Dante-Jahrbuch. 5. Band 1920. W. Hoffner (= Dilthey): Satan in der christlichen Poesie. Westermanns Monatshefte. Illustrierte deutsche Zeitschrift für das gesamte deutsche Leben der Gegenwart. 5 Jahrgang (1860) S. 321-29, S. 434-39. (Lucifer in Dante's Inferno, pp. 322-24.) Ferdinando Gabotto: Il diavolo nella letteratura. Gazzetta letteraria. Toma VII (1883) No. 31. Adolf Kahle: Der Teufel in der Poesie. Die Gegenwart. Wochenschrift für Literatur, Kunst und öffentliches Leben. 49. Band (1896) Nr. 12-13 S. 182-84, S. 199-201. (Lucifer in Dante's Inferno, p. 183.) Arthur F. Agard: Poetic Personifications of Evil. Poet Lore. A Quarterly Magazine of Letters. Vol. IX (1897), pp. 206-16. H. Landsberg: Der Teufel in der Dichtung. Sonntagsbeilage Nr. 22 zur Vossischen Zeitung vom 31. Mai 1908. Harry Pressfield: The Devil In Literature. The Bookman. Vol. LII (1920), pp. 254-55. Swarthmore College. (1) On his invasion of Spain, John of Gaunt was joined on the road by a stranger, who tried to poison him: "Andando el-rei e o duque n'aquella conquista que ouvistes, vindo um dia á tornada, entre Çamora e Touto, . . . juntaram-se uma vez gentes de cavallo, . . . e d'entre os castellãos sahiu um homem de cavallo, correndo quanto podia por se lançar com os portoguezes.... E apresentado disse que elle vinha a elles como seus senhores. . . . O duque e sua mulher quando esto ouviram, contaranil'ho por gran bondade, . . . traziam-n'o em boa conta segundo deus eguaes; e elle vinha por lhes dar peçonha. ."-Lopes, V, 177. We have some evidence as to the date of this work. An obvious echo of a line from the Troilus appears in it. Also it has been shown to have exercised powerful influence on the Merchant's Tale. 1387, there remain four distinct plots against the Duke's life hatched in England between 1384 and 1394." (p. 416.) Chaucer was anything but a prophet; still it is interesting to see how well the warnings which he translated from his original were justified by later events. |