land this century-semblances of it and all the fearful evils of a famine in practice, have always been created by compulsory exports.

It may be imagined that Free Trade, that has thus been turned to such cruel account against Ireland, has found its compensation in free imports. Such imports in 1870 were :-Wheat, 6,716,534 cwts; Maize, 5,738,138 cwts.

And the following articles, also in hundredweights. Barley, 115,279; oats, 9,670; bacon and hams, 23; beef, 79; pork, 3; preserved meats, nil; butter, 11; cheese, 54; eggs, 162 great hundreds ; potatoes and fish, nil.

It has to be noted that the corn is in hundredweights (not quarters), and therefore it, as well as every other item, exhibits a contemptible total, not enough to make an appreciable difference as compared with the enormity of the exports. At the same time the importation of oxen (store for feeding)—was 1,148, and sheep and lambs, 10!

So thoroughly ashamed do the Government authorities appear to be concerning this matter, that the returns have not been published by the Board of Trade ever since 1870.

From this it will be seen that all the cant that has been indulged in for so many years, alleging the over-population of Ireland, is utterly delusive and false. If ample production of the means of subsistence is really to be taken as a criteron, then Ireland is rather under than over populated, or else such exports would be impossible. This is a point concerning which one of the most serious errors has been assiduously cultivated in England. It is merely one out of many reasons why the Irish problem needs to be solved upon entirely new lines, to make room for which the old lines must be obliterated. Have we statesmen who have the genius and courage to pursue and carry out such a beneficent policy?

APPENDIX.

A BILL (as Amended in Committee and on consideration as Amended) to make Temporary Provision with respect to Compensation for Disturbance in certain Cases of Ejectment for Nonpayment of Rent in parts of Ireland. (Prepared and brought in by Mr. William Edward Forster, Mr. Attorney General for Ireland, and Mr. Solicitor General for Ireland.)

Jnly 22, 1880. WHEREAS, having regard to the distress existing in certain parts of Ireland arising from failure of crops, it is expedient to make temporary provision with respect to compensation of tenants for disturbance by ejectment for nonpay. ment of rent in certain cases:

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. An ejectment for nonpayment of rent for the recovery of the possession of a holding valued under the Acts relating to the valuation of rateable property in Ireland at an annual value of not more than thirty pounds, situate wholly or partially in any of the poor law unions mentioned in the schedule hereto, or where any electoral division is specified in the said schedule situate wholly or partially in such electoral division, and which shall be commenced after the passing of this Act and before the thirty-first day of December one thousand eight hundred and eighty-one, or which shall have been commenced before the passing of this Act, and in which any judgment or decree for possession shall be executed after the passing of this Act and before the thirtyfirst day of December one thousand eight hundred and eighty-one, shall be deemed and declared, by the court having jurisdiction to hear and determine land claims in and for the county in which such holding is situate, to be a disturbance of the tenant by the act of the landlord within the meaning of the third section of the Landlord and Tenant (Ireland) Act, 1870, notwithstanding anything contained in the said Act,

If it shall appear to the court

(1.) That such nonpayment of rent by the tenant is owing to his inability to pay, caused by such distress as aforesaid; and

(2.) That the tenant is willing to continue in the occupation of his holding upon just and reasonable terms as to rent, arrears of rent, and otherwise; and

(3.) That such terms are refused by the landlord without the offer of any reasonable alternative.

2. The acceptance of compensation for disturbance under this Act shall be a bar to any claim, under the provisions of the twenty-third and twenty-fourth years of Victoria, chapter one hundred and fifty-four, or otherwise, to be restored to the possession of the premises included in the ejectment for nonpayment of rent: Provided always, that if it appears to the Court that any person other than the tenant has a specific interest in the holding, notice of the proceedings shall be given to every such person, and so long as any such person may be entitled to redeem the holding no acceptance of such compensation shall be valid, nor shall the amount awarded, or any part thereof, be payable, unless every such person shall consent thereto, or the Court, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, shall so direct.

3. The amount of rent which may be allowed by any landlord to accrue during the period of the operation of this Bill shall not be reckoned against him in calculating the arrear of rent which might in any case of ejectment for nonpayment of rent be sufficient to subject him to damages for disturbance under the ninth section of the Landlord and Tenant (Ireland) Act, 1870.

4. This Act may be cited for all purposes as the Compensation for Disturb. ance (Ireland) Act, 1880, and shall be read and construed for all purposes, including the making of rules for carrying into effect the provisions of this Act, as one with the Landlord and Tenant (Ireland) Act, 1870.

[The Poor Law Union included in the schedule were in the counties Cavan, Clare, Cork, Donegal, Galway, Kerry, King's County, Leitrim, Limerick, Longford, Mayo, Meath, Roscommon, Sligo, Tipperary, Waterford, and Westmeath.]

AN ACT for the better Protection of Person and Property in Ireland.

March 2, 1881.

Be it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

I. (1.) Any person who is declared by warrant of the Lord Lieutenant to be reasonably suspected of having at any time since the thirtieth day of September one thousand eight hundred and eighty been guilty as principal or accessory of high treason, treason-felony, or treasonable practices, wherever committed, or of any crime punishable by law committed at any time since the thirtieth day of September one thousand eight hundred and eighty in a prescribed district,

being an act of violence or intimidation, or the inciting to an act of violence or intimidation, and tending to interfere with or disturb the maintenance of law and order, may be arrested in any part of Ireland and legally detained during the continuance of this Act in such prison in Ireland as may from time to time be directed by the Lord Lieutenant, without bail or mainprize; and shall not be discharged or tried by any court without the direction of the Lord Lieutenant; and every such warrant shall, for the purposes of this Act, be conclusive evidence of all matters therein contained and of the jurisdiction to issue and execute such warrant, and of the legality of the arrest and detention of the person mentioned in such warrant.

(2.) Every warrant whereby any person is declared to be reasonably suspected of any crime other than high treason, treason felony, or treasonable practices, shall state the character of such crime. A copy of the warrant of arrest shall be given to each person arrested under this Act on the occasion of his arrest.

(3.) Any person detained in pursuance of a warrant under this Act shall be treated as a person accused of crime and not as a convicted prisoner, subject to the special rules for the time being in force with respect to prisoners awaiting trial: Provided that the Lord Lieutenant may from time to time, if he shall think fit, make regulations modifying such special rules so far as they relate to persons detained under this Act. Any regulations made by the Lord Lieutenant under this provision shall be laid before both Houses of Parliament within fourteen days after the making of the same, if Parliament be then sitting, and if not, then within fourteen days after the next meeting of Parliament, and when Parliament is not sitting such regulations shall within fourteen days be published in the Dublin Gazette.

(4.) A list of all persons for the time being detained in prison under this Act, with a statement opposite each person's naine of the prison in which he is detained for the time being, and of the ground stated for his arrest in the warrant under which he is detained, shall be laid before each House of Parliament within the first seven days of every month during which Parliament is sitting, and when Parliament is not sitting such list shall be published in the Dublin Gazette within the first seven days of every month.

(5.) On the expiration of a period of three months after the arrest of each person detained under this Act, and so from time to time on the expiration of each succeeding period of three months while such person is detained, the Lord Lieutenant shall consider the case of such person and decide thereon; and the decision of the Lord Lieutenant in that behalf shall be certified under his hand, or the hand of the Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant, to each Clerk of the Crown, by whom a copy of the warrant under which such person shall be detained shall be filed in his public office, under this Act, and each such Clerk of the Crown shall record such decision by indorsement on the copy of the warrant so filed in his office.

(6.) No person discharged from detention under this Act shall be so discharged at a greater distance than five miles from the place whereat he was

first arrested under this Act, unless he shall himself prefer to be discharged at a place nearer to the prison wherein he was last detained.

(7.) "Prescribed district," means any part of Ireland in that behalf specified by an order of the Lord Lieutenant for the time being in force, and the Lord Lieutenant, by and with the advice of the Privy Council in Ireland, may from time to time make, and when made, revoke and alter any such order.

2. The enactments contained in the third section of the Relief of Distress (Ireland) Act, 1880, as amended by the ninth section of the Relief of Distress (Ireland) Amendment Act, 1880, shall, so far as relates to the families of persons for the time being detained under this Act, continue in force during the continuance of this Act.

3. (1.) Any warrant or order of the Lord Lieutenant under this Act may be signified under his hand or the hand of the Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieu tenant, and a copy of every warrant under this Acr shall, within seven days after the execution thereof, be transmitted to the Clerk of the Crown for the county in which was the last known place of abode of the person arrested under such warrant, and be filed by the said clerk of the Crown in his public office in said county; and a further copy of every such warrant shall, within seven days after the execution thereof, be transmitted to the clerk of the Crown for the county of the city of Dublin, and be filed by him in his public office in that city; and each such clerk of the Crown shall furnish a copy of such warrant free of charge, certified under his hand to be a true copy, on demand, to any relative of the person arrested under such warrant or his solicitor.

(2.) The Lord Lieutenant, by and with the advice of the Privy Council in Ireland, may from time to time make, and when made revoke and alter, an order prescribing the forms of warrants for the purposes of this Act, and any forms so prescribed shall when used be valid in law.

(3.) If any member of either House of Parliament be arrested under this Act the fact shall be immediately communicated to the House of which he is a member, if Parliament be sitting at the time, or if Parliament be not sitting, then immediately after Parliament reassembles, in like manner as if he were arrested on a criminal charge.

(4.) Every order under this Act shall be published in the Dublin Gazette, and the production of a printed copy of the Dublin Gazette purporting to be printed and published by the Queen's authority, containing the publication of any order under this Act, sball be conclusive evidence of the contents of such order, and of the date thereof, and of the same having been duly made.

(5.) The expression "Lord Lieutenant" means the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland or other Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland for the time being. 4. This Act shall continue in force until the thirtieth day of September one thousand eight hundred and eighty-two, and no longer.

S. Corvan & Co., Strathmore Fress, Ferth.