Raised at Wormsley Grange by Mr. Knight, from a seed of the Orange Pippin, which had been fertilised by the pollen of the Golden Pippin, in 1791. It is a very excellent cider fruit, and obtained the premium given by the Agricultural Society of Herefordshire, in 1802, for the best cider apple recently raised from seed. 203. HAGLOE CRAB. Pom. Heref. t. 5. Fruit small, ill-shaped, something between an apple and a crab, more long than broad, wide at the base, and narrower at the crown, which is a little sunk, and the eye flat. Skin pale yellow, a little marbled in different directions with a russetty grey, and having a few red specks or streaks on the sunny side. Eye flat, with a spreading calyx. Stalk short. Specific gravity of its Juice 1081. The Hagloe Crab, when planted on a dry soil, with a calcareous bottom, in a warm situation and season, produces a most excellent cider, both of strength and body. Mr. Marshall states it to have been raised by Mr. Bellamy, of Hagloe, in the parish of Awre, in Gloucestershire, towards the end of the seventeenth century; but Mr. Knight thinks it existed long previous to that time, as long ago the original tree could not be found at Hagloe. 204. LOAN PEARMAIN. Pom. Heref. t. 6. Fruit rather small, somewhat globular; the crown is rather narrow; the Eye, and the segments of the calyx flat. Skin pale yellow, marbled all over with orangecoloured specks and streaks. Stalk about half an inch long, fleshy next the fruit. Specific gravity of its Juice 1072. As a cider apple, the Loan Pearmain possesses much merit, and contains a considerable proportion of saccharine matter, combined with a good deal of astringency. The tree is a weak grower, and is frequently encumbered with a multiplicity of slender shoots. It does not appear to have been known in the seventeenth century, nor can its origin now be satisfactorily ascertained. This pretty little fruit is not the Loan's Pearmain of the nurseries about London. 205. OLD QUINING. Pom. Heref. t. 19. Fruit oblong, having obtuse but prominent angles, extending from the base to the crown, where they correspond to the number of the divisions of the calyx. Eye small, with erect segments, Stalk half an inch long, slender. Skin dull, dingy yellow, very much shaded with red, and of a very high dark colour on the sunny side. Specific gravity of the Juice 1073. Ray, who wrote in the sixteenth century, mentions the Queening Apple, and it has also been called Queening by other writers; but there seems to be no authority for this orthography. It appears more probably to have originated from Coin (often called Quoin), from its angular sides. The fruit is very good for table when first gathered from the tree. As a cider apple it was formerly held in esteem; but more modern kinds seem, at the present day, to have usurped its place. 206. ORANGE PIPPIN. Pom. Heref. t. 8. Isle of Wight Orange. Ib. 484. Isle of Wight Pippin. Ibid. Fruit middle-sized, globular. Eye but little sunk, with broad, acute segments of the calyx. Stalk very short. Skin a yellowish golden grey, with a russetty epidermis, highly coloured with orange and red on the sunny side. Specific gravity of the Juice 1074. This very beautiful apple is cultivated in Herefordshire, both as a dessert and cider apple. Its yellow pulp communicates a fine golden tinge to the juice of other varieties, and it is of itself an excellent cider fruit. Its name has originated, no doubt, from the appearance of its fruit when highly ripened, resembling that of a crop of very ripe Seville Oranges. There are trees now to be found 100 years old; but where it originated cannot be ascertained. It has been supposed by some that the Orange Pippin was brought from Normandy to the Isle of Wight, and that the first of the kind was planted in the garden of Wraxhall Cottage, near the under cliff, where it was growing in 1817. 207. PAWSAN. Pom. Heref. t. 15. Fruit above the middle size, pretty round, without angles; but sometimes it is rather oval. Crown but little hollow. Eye small, with short reflexed segments: of the calyx. Skin dull muddy olive-green, a good deal reticulated with a fine network. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, slender, causing the fruit to be pendent. Specific gravity of the Juice 1076. Many trees of the Pawsan are found in the southeast or Ryeland district of Herefordshire, which have apparently stood more than a century. Its pulp is exceedingly rich and yellow, and in some seasons it affords cider of the very finest quality. Its name cannot be traced to any probable source. 208. RED MUST. Pom. Heref. t. 4. Fruit nearly, if not quite, the largest cider apple cultivated in Herefordshire. It is rather broad and flattish, a little irregular at its base, which is hollow. Stalk slender. Crown sunk. Eye deep, with a stout erect Skin greenish yellow on the shaded side, with a deep rosy colour where exposed to the sun, and shaded with a darker red. calyx. Specific gravity of the Juice 1064. Ray has both a Red and a White Must apple among his cider fruit. The Red Must has been more extensively cultivated in Herefordshire than it is at present. Its cider has always been held in estimation; and although frequently thin of itself, when its fruit have been pressed with others, the cider has been much superior to that which could have been obtained from those sorts if pressed alone. It appears to be a native of Herefordshire, the deep soils of which produce trees of considerable magnitude. 209. REDSTREAK. Pom. Heref. t. 1. Fruit nearly globular, but narrowed at the crown. Eye small, with a converging calyx. Stalk slender. Skin yellowish gold colour, but of a vermillion red where exposed to the sun, with deeper streaks, which are more or less marked all around the fruit. Specific gravity of the Juice 1079. Mr. Knight, the author of the very interesting Pomona Herefordensis, is of opinion that the Redstreak was the first fine cider apple that was cultivated in Herefordshire, or probably in England; and thinks it may be doubted, whether excellent cider was ever made in any country previous to the existence of this apple. It is unquestionably a native of Herefordshire, and is supposed to have been raised from seed by Lord Scudamore in the beginning of the seventeenth century. When it began to be first cultivated, it was called Scudamore's Crab, and he certainly first pointed out its excellence to the Herefordshire planters. Lord Scudamore was ambassador to the court of France in the time of King Charles the First. 210. SIBERIAN BITTER-SWEET. Hort. Trans. Vol. vi. p. 547. Fruit rather more than twice the size of the Siberian Crab, and not unlike it in shape, but with more colour on its sunny side. Mr. Knight, who raised it from a seed of the Siberian Crab, which had been fertilised by the pollen of the Golden Harvey, says it is wholly worthless, except for the press; for this purpose it is highly valuable, when crushed with the more austere sorts, as it contains a larger portion of saccharine matter than any other apple known. I have tasted it at Mr. Knight's, and could compare it to nothing so much as to a sweet apple sliced and dipped in moist sugar. It obtained the premium awarded by the Agricultural Society of Herefordshire in 1826, for the best new variety of cider apple. in The tree is a most abundant bearer, and possesses the valuable property of resisting the attacks of the white mealy insect, in the same manner as the Winter Majitin of Norfolk. The Siberian Bitter-Sweet appears to have produced its first fruit in 1818, as Mr. Knight says a letter to me (September, 1830), "The original tree has borne thirteen successive crops, in defiance of several very severe and destructive frosts; and all heavy ones: the quality of the fruit consequently is apt to suffer greatly, and this takes off much from its value, as overloaded trees never afford rich fruit, or fine cider.” 211. SIBERIAN HARVEY. Pom. Heref. t. 23. Fruit small, and nearly globular. Eye small, with short connivent segments of the calyx. Stalk short. Skin of a bright gold colour, tinged with faint and deeper red on the sunny side. The fruit grows a good deal in clusters on slender wing branches. Specific gravity of the Juice 1091. This was raised by Mr. Knight from a seed of the Siberian Crab, which had been fertilised by the pollen of the Golden Harvey. It produced blossoms first in 1807, and that year obtained the premium of the Agricultural Society of Herefordshire. Its juice is intensely sweet. The fruit becomes ripe the middle of October, |