made of the bark of a tree, with mine own hands, since I was cast a-shore. Cal. I'll swear, upon that bottle, to be thy true subject; for the liquor is not earthly. Ste. Here; swear then how thou escap'dst. Trin. Swam a-shore, man, like a duck; I can swim like a duck, I'll be sworn. Ste. Here, kiss the book: Though thou canst swim like a duck, thou art made like a goose. Trin. O Stephano, hast any more of this? Ste. The whole butt, man; my cellar is in a ock by the sea-side, where my wine is hid. How now, moon-calf? how does thine ague? Cal. Hast thou not dropped from heaven?1 Ste. Out o' the moon, I do assure thee: I was the man in the moon,2 when time was. Cal. I have seen thee in her, and I do adore thee; my mistress shewed me thee, and thy dog, and thy bush. Ste. Come, swear to that: kiss the book: I will furnish it anon with new contents: swear. Trin. By this good light, this is a very shallow monster:-I afeard of him?-a very weak monster: The man i' the moon?-a most poor credulous monster:-Well drawn, monster, in good sooth. Cal. I'll shew thee every fertile inch o' the island; And I will kiss thy foot: I pr'ythee, be my god. Trin. By this light, a most perfidious and drunken monster; when his god's asleep, he'll rob his bottle. I'll fish for thee, and get thee wood enough. Trin. A most ridiculous monster; to make wonder of a poor drunkard. a Cal. I pr'ythee, let me bring thee where crabs grow; And I with my long nails will dig thee pig-nuts; Ste. I pr'ythee now, lead the way, without any more talking.-Trinculo, the king and all our company else being drowned, we will inherit here. Here; bear my bottle. Fellow Trinculo, we'll fill him by and by again. Cal. Farewell, master; farewell, farewell. Nor scrape trenchering, nor wash dish; Has a new master-Get a new man. Freedom, hey-day! hey-day, freedom! hey-day, freedom! Ste. O brave monster! lead the way. [Exeunt. 1 The Indians of the Island of S. Salvador asked by signs whether Columbus and his companions were not come down from heaven. 2 The reader may consult a curious note on this pas sage in Mr. Douce's very interesting Illustrations of Shakspeare; where it is observed that Dante makes Cain the man in the moon with his bundle of sticks; or A other words describes the moon by the periphrasis Caino e le spine" ACT III. SCENE I.-Before Prospero's Cell. Enter FER DINAND, bearing a Log. Fer. There be some sports are painful; and their labour Delight in them sets off: some kinds of basen ess baseness I have broke your hest" to say so! Fer. I Admir'd Miranda! Indeed, the top of admiration; worth 3 A smaller species of sea-gulls. 4 Pope changed and to but here, without authority we must read and in the sense of and yet. 5 Molliter austerum studio fallenie laborem.-HotSat. ii. 1. 2. So, in Macbeth: "The labour we delight in physics pain." 6" Tu mihi curarum requies, tu nocte vel atra Lumen." Tibull, lib. iv. el. 13. 7 See Note 27, p. 26. 8 See Note 37, p. 31. 9 In the first book of Sidney's Arcadia, a lover says of his mistress: "She is herself of best things the collection." In the third book there is a fable which may have been in Shakspeare's mind. Mira I do not know One of my sex; LO woman's face remember, Save, from my glass, mine own; nor have I seen More that I may call men, than you, good friend, And my dear father: how features are abroad, I am skill-less of; but, by my modesty, (The jewel in my dower,) I would not wish Any companion in the world but you; Nor can imagination form a shape, Besides yourself, to like of: but I prattle Something too wildly, and my father's precepts I therein do forget. Fer. I am, in my condition, To weep at what I am glad of. Pro. Fair encounter What I desire to give; and much less take, The bigger bulk it shows. Hence, bashful cunning! If not, I'll die your maid: to be your fellow3 Fer. And I thus humble ever. Mira. My mistress, dearest, My husband then? SCENE II-Another part of the Island. Enter STEPHANO and TRINCULO; CALIBAN following with a Bottle. Ste. Tell not me;-when the butt is out, we will drink water; not a drop before: therefore bear up, and board 'em: Servant-monster, drink to me. Trin. Servant-monster? the folly of this island! They say, there's but five upon this isle: we are three of them; if the other two be brained like us, the state totters. 1 What else, for whatsoever else. 2 Steevens observes justly that this is one of those ouches of nature which distinguish Shakspeare from all other writers. There is a kindred thought in Romeo and Juliet: "Back, foolish tears, back to your native spring! Your tributary drops belong to wo", Which you mistaking offer up to joy." ? i. e. your companion Malone has cited a very Ste. Drink, servant-monster, when I bid thee; thy eyes are almost set in thy head. Trin. Where should they be set else? he were a brave monster indeed, if they were set in his tail. Ste. My man-monster hath drowned his tongue in sack: for my part, the sea cannot drown me: I swam, ere I could recover the shore, five-andthirty leagues, off and on, by this light.-Thou shalt be my lieutenant, monster, or my standard. Trin. Your lieutenant, if you list; he's no standard. Ste. We'll not run, monsieur monster. Trin. Nor go neither but you'll lie, like dogs; and yet say nothing neither. Ste. Moon-call, speak once in thy life, if thou beest a good moon-calf. Cal. How does thy honour? Let me lick thy shoe: I'll not serve him, he is not valiant. Trin. Thou liest, most ignorant monster; I am in case to justle a constable: Why, thou deboshed fish thou, was there ever man a coward, that hath drunk so much sack as I to-day? Wilt thou tell a monstrous lie, being but half a fish, and half a monster ? Cal. Lo, how he mocks me! wilt thou let him, my lord? Trin. Lord, quoth he !-that a monster should be such a natural! Cal. Lo, lo, again! bite him to death, I pr'ythee. Ste. Trinculo, keep a good tongue in your head; if you prove a mutineer, the next tree-The poor monster's my subject, and he shall not suffer indig nity. Cal. I thank my noble lord. Wilt thou be pleas'd to hearken once again to the suit I made thee? Ste. Marry will I kneel, and repeat it; I will stand, and so shall Trinculo. Enter ARIEL, invisible. Cal. As I told thee before, I am subject to a tyrant; a sorcerer, that by his cunning hath cheated me of this island. Ari. Thou liest. Cal. Thou liest, thou jesting monkey, thou! I would, my valiant master would destroy thee: Ste. Trinculo, if you trouble him any more in his tale, by this hand, I will supplant some of your teeth. Trin. Why, I said nothing. Ste. Mum then, and no more.-[To CALIBAN.] Proceed. Cal. I say, by sorcery he got this isle : From me he got it. If thy greatness will Revenge it on him-for, I know, thou dar'st; But this thing dare not. Ste. That's most certain. Cal. Thou shalt be lord of it, and I'll serve thee. Ste. How now shall this be compassed? Canst thou bring me to the party? Cal. Yea, yea, my lord; I'll yield hin theo asleep, Where thou may'st knock a nail into his head. Ari. Thou liest, thou canst not. Cal. What a pied' ninny's this? Thou scurvy patch! I do beseech thy greatness, give him blows, him Where the quick freshes are. Ste. Trinculo, run into no further danger: in apposite passage from Catullus; but, as Mr. Douce remarks, Shakspeare had more probably the pathetic old poem of The Nut Brown Maid in his recollection. 4 Deboshed, this is the old orthography of debauch ed; following the sound of the French original. In altering the spelling we have departed from the proper pronunciation of the word. 5 He calls him a pied ninny, alluding to Trinculo's party-coloured dress, he was a licensed fool or jester 6 Quick freshes are living springs. terrupt the monster one word further, and, by this hand, I'll turn my mercy out of doors, and make a stock-fish of thee. Trin. Why, what did I? I did nothing; I'll go urther off. Ste. Didst thou not say, he lied? Ste. Do I so? take thou that. [Strikes him.] As you like this, give me the lie another time. Trin. I did not give the lie :-Out o' your wits, and hearing too?A pox o' your bottle! this can sack, and drinking do. A murrain on your monster, and the devil take your fingers! Cal. Ha, ha, ha! Ste. Now, forward with your tale. Pr'ythee stand further off. Cal. Beat him enough: after a little time, Ill beat him too. Ste. Stand further.-Come, proceed. Cal. Why, as I told thee, 'tis a custom with him the afternoon to sleep: there thou may'st brain him, Having first seiz'd his books; or with a log One spirit to command: They all do hate him, Ste. Is it so brave a lass? not. Sometimes a thousand twangling instruments Ste. This will prove a brave kingdom to me, Ste. That shall be by and by: I remember the story. Trin. The sound is going away: let's follow it, and after, do our work. Ste. Lead, monster; we'll follow.-I would, I could see this taborer :4 he lays it on. Trin. Wilt come? I'll follow, Stephano. [Exeunt. SCENE III.-Another part of the Island. Enter Gon. By'r lakin," I can go no further, sir; Cal. Ay, my lord; she will become thy bed, I To the dulling of my spirits: sit down, and rest. warrant, And bring thee forth brave brood. Ste. Monster, I will kill this man: his daughter and I will be king and queen: (save our graces!) and Trinculo and thyself shall be viceroys :-Dost thou like the plot, Trinculo? Trin. Excellent. Flout 'em, and skout 'em; and skout 'em, and Cal. That's not the tune. [ARIEL plays the tune on a tabor and pipe. Ste. What is this same? Trin. This is the tune of our catch, played by the picture of No-body.2 1 Wezand, i. e. throat or windpipe. 2 The picture of No-body was a common sign. There is also a wood cut prefixed to an old play of No-body and Some-body, which represents this notable person. 3 To affear, is an obsolete verb with the same meaning as to affray, or make afraid. 4" You shall heare in the ayre the sound of tabers and other instruments, to put the trauellers in feare, &c. by evil spirites that make these soundes, and also do call diuerse of the tranellers by their names, &c."Trauels of Marcus Paulus, by John Frampton, 4to. 1579. To some of these circumstances Milton also alludes. Even here I will put off my hope, and keep it Do not, for one repulse, forego the purpose Will we take thoroughly. The next advantage I say, to-night: no more. Solemn and strange music; and PROSPERC above, invisible. Enter several strange Shapes, bringing in a Banquet; they dance about it with gentle actions of salutation; and inviting the King, &c. to eat, they depart. Alon. What harmony is this? my good friends, hark! Gon. Marvellous sweet music! Alon. Give us kind keepers, heavens! What Seb. A living drollery: Now I will believe At this hour reigning there. -calling shapes, and beckoning shadows dire; And acry tongues that syllable men's names On sands, and shores, and desert wildernesses." 5 By'r lakin is a contraction of By our ladykin, the diminutive of our lady. 6 Shows, called Drolleries, were in Shakspeare's time performed by puppets only. From these our modern drolls, exhibited at fairs, &c. took their name. "A living drollery," is therefore a drollery not by wooden but by living personages. 7 "I myself have heard strange things of this kind of tree; namely, in regard of the Bird Phoenix, which is supposed to have taken that name of this date tree 1 Ant. I'll believe both; And what does else want credit, come to me, And I'll be sworn 'tis true: Traveliers ne'er did lie, Though fools at home condemn them. Gon. If in Naples I should report this now, would they believe me? If I should say I saw such islanders, (For, certes, these are people of the island,) › Who, though they are of inonstrous shape, yet note, Their manners are more gentle, kind, than of Our human generation you shall find. Many, nay, almost any. Pro. Honest lord, Gon. Faith, sir, you need not fear: When we were boys, Who would believe that there were mountaineers, Dew-lapp'd like bulls, whose throats had hanging at them i 1 Wallets of flesh? or that there were such men, Whose heads stood in their breasts? which now we find, Each putter-out on five for one, will bring us Alon. Thunder and lightning. Enter ARIEL like a Harpy claps his wings upon the table, and, by quaint device, the Banquet vanishes. Ari. You are three men of sin, whom destiny, (That hath to instrument this lower world, And what is in't,) the never-surfeited sea Hath caused to belch up; and on this island Where man doth not inhabit; you 'mongst men Being most unfit to live. I have made you mad: [Seeing ALON. SEB. &c. draw their swords. And even with such like valour, men hang and drown Their proper selves. You fools! I and my fellows Are ministers of fate; the elements Of whom your swords are temper'd, may as well Wound the loud winds, or with bemock'd-at stabs Kill the still-closing waters, as diminish** (called in Greek dow;) for it was assured unto me, that the said bird died with that tree, and revived of itselfe as the tree sprung againe."-Holland's Transla tion of Pliny, B. xiii. C. 4. 1 Certainly. 2 Wonder. 3" Praise in departing," is a proverbial phrase signifying, Do not praise your entertainment too soon, lest you should have reason to retract your commendation. 4. Each putter-out on five for one," i. e. each traveller; it appears to have been the custom to place out a sum of money upon going abroad to be returned with enormous interest if the party returned safe; a kind of insurance of a gambling nature. 5 Bailey, in his dictionary, says that dotcle is a feather, or rather the single particfes of the down. Coles, in his Latin Dictionary, 1679, interprets young dowle by Lanugo. And in a history of most Manual Arts, 1661, wool and dowle are treated as synonymous. Tooke contends that this word and others of the same form are Cothing more than the past participle of deal; and Jucius and Skinner both derive it from the same. I fully Delieve that looke is right; the provincial word dool One dowles that's in my plume; my fellow min isters Are like invulnérable: if you could hurt,' from is a portion of unploughed land left in a field; Coles, in his English Dictionary, 1701, has given downl as a cant word, and interprets it deal. I must refer the read. er to the Diversions of Purley for further proof. 6 A clear life; is a pure, blameless, life. 7 With good life, i. e. with the full bent and energy of mind. Mr. Henley says that the expression is sull in use in the west of England. 9 The natives of Africa have been supposed to be possessed of the secret how to temper poisons with such art as not to operate till several years after they were administered. Their drugs were then as certain in their effect as subtle in their preparation. 9 Shakspeare uses ecstasy for any temporary aliena. tion of mind, a fit, or madness. Minshew's definition of this word will serve to explain its meaning wherever it Extasie or occurs throughout the following pages. trance; G. extase; Lat. extasis, abstractio mentis. Est proprie mentis emotio, et quasi ex statione sua deturbatio seu furore, eu admiratione, seu timore, aliove casu decidat." Guide to the Tongues, 1617 ACT IV. SCENE I.-Before Prospero's Cell. Enter PROS- Fer. Against an oracle. I do believe it, Pro. Then, as my gift, and thine own acquisition Worthily purchas'd, take my daughter: But If thou dost break her virgin knot before All sanctimonious ceremonies may With full and holy rite be minister'd, No sweet aspersion" shall the heavens let fall To make this contract grow; but barren hate, Sour-ey'd disdain, and discord, shall bestrew' The union of your bed with weeds so loathly, That shall hate it both: therefore, take heed, you As Hymen's lamps shall light you. Fer. As I hope For quiet days, fair issue, and long life, With such love as 'tis now; the murkiest den, The most opportune place, the strong'st suggestion Our worser Genius can, shall never melt Mine honour into lust; to take away The edge of that day's celebration, When I shall think, or Phoebus' steeds are founder'd, Or night kept chain'd below. Pro. Fairly spoke; Sit then, and talk with her, she is thine own.- Ari. What would my potent master? here I am. Pro. Thou and thy meaner fellows your last service Did worthily perform; and I must use you Pro. Ay, with a twink. Presently? Ari. Before you can say, Come, and go, And breathe twice; and cry, so, 80; 1 The same expression occurs in Pericles. Mr. Henley says that it is a manifest allusion to the zones of the ancients, which were worn as guardians of chastity before marriage. 2 Aspersion is here used in its primitive sense of sprinkling, at present it is used in its figurative sense of throwing out hints of calumny and detraction. 3 Suggestion here means temptation or wicked prompting. 4 Some vanity of mine art " is some illusion. Thus m a passage, quoted by Warton, in his Dissertation on the Gesta Romanorum, from Emare, a metrical Romance. "The emperor said on high 5 That is, bring more than are sufficient. "Corollary, the addition or vantage above measure, an overplus, or surplusage."-Blount. 6 Stover is fodder for cattle, as hay, straw, and the like: estorers is the old law term, it is from estouvier, old French. Each one, tripping on his toc, Will be here with mop and mowe: Do you love me, master? no. Pro. Dearly, my delicate Ariel: Do not approach, Till thou dost hear me call. Ari. Well I conceive. [Erit Pro. Look, thou be true; do not give dalliance Too much the rein; the strongest oaths are straw To the fire i' the blood: be more abstemious, Or else, good night, your vow! Fer. I warrant you, sir, The white-cold virgin snow upon my heart Abates the ardour of my liver. Pro. Well.Now come, my Ariel; bring a corollary," Rather than want a spirit; appear, and pertly.No tongue; all eyes; be silent. [Soft music. A Masque. Enter IRIS. Iris. Ceres, most bounteous lady, thy rich leas Whose shadow the dismissed bachelor loves, grace, Here on this grass-plot, in this very place, Cer. Hail, many-colour'd messenger, that ne'er Cer. Tell me, heavenly bow, he derives from the French verb touiller, which Cotgrave interprets, "filthily to mix, to mingle, confound, or shuffle together." He objects to peonied and lillied because these flowers never blow in April. But Mr Boaden has pointed out a passage in Lord Bacon's Essay on Gardens which supports the reading in the text. "In April follow the double white violet, the wall-flower, the stock-gilly-flower, the cowslip, flower-de-luces, and lillies of all natures; rose-mary flowers, the tulippe, the double piony, &c." Lyte, in his Herbal, says one kind of peonie is called by some, maiden or virgin peonie. And Pliny mentions the water-lilly as a preserver of chastity, B. xxvi. C. 10. Edward Fenton, in his "Secret Wonders of Nature," 1569, 4to. B. vi. asserts that "the water-lilly mortifieth altogether the appetite of sensuality and defends from unchaste thoughts and dreams of venery." The passage certainly gains by the reading of Mr. Steevens, which I have, for these reasons, retained. 8 That is, forsaken by his lass. 9 Mr. Douce remarks that this is an elegant expan sion of the following lines in Phaer's Virgil Eneid, Lib. iv. 7 The old editions read Pioned and Twilled brims. In Ovid's Banquet of Sense, by Geo. Chapman, 1595,"Dame rainbow down therefore with sa ron wings of we meet with "Cuplike twill-pants strew'd in Bacchus bowers." If twill be the name of any flower, the old reading may stand. Mr. Henley strongly contends for the old reading, and explains pioned to mean faced up with mire in the manner that ditchers trim the banks of ditches: twilled drooping showres, Whose face a thousand sundry hues against the sun devoures, From heaven descending came." 10 Bosky acres are woody acres, fields intersected by luxuriant hedge-rows and copses. |