Delegates to the Convention on the Con- | Formation of the Federal Government,
stitution, 503.
502.
Departments of State, the, 689.
Fortifications of the United States, 618.
Dickinson, John, writes “ Farmers' Let- Fox, Charles James, opposes Boston port
ters," 75 ; draws up instructions to bill, 111; opposes Massachusetts
Pennsylvania delegates, 124.
bill, 112; moves a censure of min-
Dieskau, Baron, his march against Fort isters, 140; censures ministers for
Edward-his death, 37.
the mismanagement of American
Dunmore, Lord, governor of Virginia; affairs and loss of Burgoyne's army,
his conduct excites the people 230; his sarcasms on ministers,
against him, 169; bis affair with 242.
Patrick Heury, ib.; abdicates the France, Silas Deane sent by Congress to,
government, 170; attempts to re. as American agent, 206 ; obtains
gain his power, offers freedom to important aid, ib. ; three commis-
slaves, attacks and destroys Nor- sioners appointed by Congress, ib.;
folk, ib.; sails for the West Indies, treaty of alliance and commerce
and joins the main army, ib.
with, negotiated, 234; aid received
Dwight, Timothy, D. D., of Connecticut, by the United States from, 235;
his early views in favor of indepen- happy effects of the capture of Bur-
dence, 185; his prophetic views of goyne on the French government,
the future progress of America in ib. ; effects of the treaty of alliance
1775, 186.
on public opinion in America, 236;
war between France and England,
English Colonies, their independent 242; treaty of alliance with, ratified
character, rivalries between them, by Congress, 244; sends a fleet of
25 ; propositions for their union, twelve sail of the line to America,
their first union against the French, 248; concludes a treaty with Spain,
26 ; difficulties with other settle- 276 ; doubtful effects of the alliance
ments, and with the Indians, 27; with, on American affairs, 283; aids
neglected by the home government,
the American cause with funds and
30-47.
troops, 296 ; fleet and army of, ar-
Esopus, burnt by the British under Gen. rive in United States, 297.
Vaughan, 233.
Franklin, Benj., member of the Albany
Exchange of prisoners, general, in 1780, convention, his plan and its charac-
309.
ter, 34; examination of, before Brit-
Expedition, of the French along the Ohio ish House of Commons, 48; appoint-
and Mississippi, 31; against French ed agent to England by Pennsyl.
settlements in Nova Scotia, under vania, 55; consulted by British
General Braddock against Fort du ministers, 56 ; opposes the stamp
Quesne, 36; against Crown Point act, 56-58; his letter to Charles
and Ticonderoga, 37; against Fort Thomson referred to, 58; invention
Frontenac, its capture by the Eng- of committees of correspondence in
lish, against du Queene, 41; against the colonies attributed to, 58-100;
Quebec, against Ticonderoga, Crown sends to Massachusetts Assembly
Point, and Niagara, 42.
the letters of Hutchinson and Oli.
ver, 101; presents petition of Mag-
Fairfield and Norwalk, burned by Gov. sachusetts Assembly for removal of
Tryon, 273.
Hutchinson and Oliver before the
Fermers' Letters, written by John Dick- Privy Council, 102 ; dismissed from
inson, 75.
the office of Colonial Postmaster-
Feder il City, the, 685.
General, ib.; his efforts to influence
Fillmore, Millard (vol. ii.), early career, the people of England in favor of
595 ; elected to Congress, 598; suc- the colonies, 13; procures petitions
ceeded Taylor as President, 603 ; to Parliament from English people
administration of, 605; new postage in favor of Colonies, 134; returns to
law, 609; review of bis services, America, 171; is elected a delegate
623.
to Congress from Pennsylvania, ib.;
Finances, American, unfavorable condi- appointed Postmaster-General, ib.,
tion of, in 1779, 266 ; negotiations appointed one of the committee to
in Europe, ib.; depreciation of Con- confer with Lord Howe, 196; his
tinental money, ib. ; successful oper- conversations with Lord Howe and
ations to raise funds in Europe and sister, 197; appointed commissioner
America, in 1781, 313.
to negotiate a treaty of peace, 334.
Flag, American, adopted, 188.
Fraser, General, defeats the Americans
at Hubbardton, 222; is killed at the toned at Williamsburgh, 327; re-
battle of Stillwater, 227.
turn to France, 469.
French, first settled in Canada, soon after French agent, a mysterious one in Amer.
in Florida, claimed jurisdiction on ica, 1775, 179.
the Ohio and Mississippi, built a Fuller, Mr., opposes ministerial measures
chain of forts from Canada to Flori- respecting the colonies, 110, 113;
da, bribed the Indians, 27; deter- moves for repeal of the tea duty,
mine to extend their American em- ib.; deserts the ministerial side, and
pire, alliance with the Indians, their predicts ruinous results from Lord
active movements in Nova Scotia, North's measures, ib.
30; claim the valleys of the Ohio
and Mississippi
, claim disputed by Gage, General, commands the British
the English, erect forts south of forces in America, 76 ; orders troops
Lake Erie, 31; deserted by their to Boston, ib.; anecdote of, 86;
Indian allies at Fort du Quesne, succeeds Hutchinson as governor
flight down the Ohio, 41; abandon of Massachusetts, 115; dissolves
Ticonderoga, power destroyed west General Assembly, 118; denounces
of Montreal, 42; picket-guard cap- the league of patriots, 119; intro-
tain captured, 44; attempt to re- duces troops into Boston, ib.; forti-
cover Quebec, ships destroyed by fies Boston Neck, 121 ; sends troops
Colville, Montreal the only posses- to seize military stores at Concord,
sion left them in Canada, 46; influ- 144; Provincial Congress of Massa-
ence over the Indians continued, 54; chusetts declare him disqualified to
negotiations and treaty with the act as governor, 148 ; issues a proc-
United States, 235; ship with muni. lamation offering pardon, &c., 159;
tions of war arrives in the United directs operations at battle of
States, ib.; fleet under Count D’Es- Bunker Hill, ib. ; orders the burn-
taing arrives on the coast, 262 ; ing of Charlestown, 160; recalled,
French and American officers dis- and succeeded by Howe, 165.
agree at Rhode Island, 250 ; dissat- Gaspee, British revenue schooner, burned
isfaction of the Americans with their near Providence, R. I., 99.
French allies, ib.; ambassador in Gates, Horatio, appointed brigadier-
England (De Noailles), his ironical general and commander of the
letter to Lord North, 256; fleet and American forces in Canada, 205 ;
army under D'Estaing assist in the
joins General Washington on the
attack on Savannahı, 277; are
Delaware, 206 ; appointed to the
pulsed, and return to France, 278 command of the northern army,
(see D'Estaing); alliance with the 225; is joined by Generals Arnold
United States, doubtful effects of, and Lincoln, 225, 226; his various
283; minister to the United States, operations against Burgoyne, ib. ;
M. Gerard arrives, 248; succeeded receives offer of capitulation from
by M. Luzerne, 283; French fleet Burgoyne, and agrees to accept of
and army in aid of America an- a surrender of his army-his deli-
nounced by La Fayette to be on the cacy and humanity towards the de-
way, 296; fleet with army arrive feated troops, 229; receives the
in United States, 297; army, second thanks of Congress for himself and
division of, destined for America, army, and a gold medal presented
blockaded at Brest by an English to him by their order, 230; his
fleet, and non-arrival of, ib.; Ad. letter to General Vaughan, 233 ;
miral Ternay dies at Newport, ib. ; sends troops to reinforce General
army goes into winter quarters, Putnam, ib.; is concerned in a
298; fleet sail to Virginia, are at- scheme to supersede Washington
tacked by the British admiral, and 240; placed at the head of the
return to Newport, 314; fleet under Board of War, ib.; appointed by
Count de Grasse sail from the West Congress commander of the army at
Indies for the Chesapeake, 324; the South, 292; engages the British
army form a junction on the Hud- army at Sanders' Creek, is defeated
son river, and march to Virginia, ib.; with great slaughter, and retreats
feet under De Grasse arrives in the to Charlotte, and thence to Hills-
Chesapeake, and lands additional boro', N. C., 292, 293; incurs re-
troops, 325; operations of the com- proaches, and a court of inquiry is
bined armies, ib.; surrender of appointed respecting him, 295; is
Yorktown, 326 ; fleet sail for the superseded in command by General
West Indies, and the army is can- Greene, ib.
Georgia falls into the hands of the Brit- poses the measures against the col-
ish, 254.
onies in 1769, 80; opposes Lord
German troops employed by England, North's proposal to retain the duties
175; debates in Parliament thereon, on tea, 94.
178; emigrants in America, ib. Grey, General, detached by Sir Henry
Germantown, Battle of, 219.
Clinton on a predatory expedition in
Gibbon (historian), member of the IIouse New England, 219 ; his exploits on
of Commons, 141; his remarks on several of these expeditions, 250.
American affairs, ib.
Griffin, Cyrus, life of, 481.
Gorham, Nathaniel, life of, 480.
Governors, the royal colonial; their tyr- Hale, Nathan, his enterprise, capture,
annies, 29; their troubles with the and death, 198.
people, and final expulsion or ab. Hancock, John, declines a British com-
duction, 170.
mission, 77; liis sloop Liberty seized,
Grafton, Duke of, head of the ministry, 75; appointed President of Con.
79; urges conciliation with the col-
onies, 173; resigns his seat in the Hancock, John, life of, 475.
cabinet, and acts with the opposi- Hanson, John, life of, 478.
tion, ib.; motion for conciliating the Harrison, William Henry (vol. ii.), his
colonies, 179.
early life, 417; military engage-
Greene, Nathaniel, appointed brigadier- ments with Indians, 419; with Te-
general by Congress, 159; at first cumseh, 422-430; his visit to Bo.
commands at Long Island, but fall- gota, 434; elected President, 436;
ing sick, is there succeeded by Sul- the inauguration and adress, 437;
livan, 194; commands a division of his last words, 410; review of his
the army at the battle of Trenton, character and services, 412.
203 ; his gallantry at the battle of Hayne, Colonel, taken prisoner by the
Brandywine, 218; at the battle of British, tried, and executed at Char-
Monmouth, 247; commands part of leston, S. C., 321.
the expedition to Rhode Island, 249; Henry, Patrick, opposes the Stamp Act,
Washington appoints him to super. 58; resolutions and speech of, 58-
sede General Gates in the command 61; his predictions respecting the
of the southern army, 295; attacked contest with Great Britain and in-
by Knyphausen, and defeated, in dependence of the colonies, 127;
New Jersey, 297; presides at the vigorous measures proposed by, 151;
court-martial in the case of Major speech in Provincial Congress, ib.;
André, 307; detaches General Mor- proscribed by the British govern-
gan to check the British, 315; joins ment, ib.; originates the phrase
Morgan, and retreats before Corn- "Liberty or death," ib.; his affair
wallis, 316; is reinforced at Guil- with Lord Dunmore, 170.
ford Court-Ilouse, and continues bis Herkimer, G neral, his defeat and death,
retreat into Virginia, 317; receives 224.
reinforcements, and returns into Hessian troops employed by England,
North Carolina, 318; engages the 175; capture of, at Trenton, 204;
British under Cornwallis at Guil. cruelty and outrages of, 211; re-
ford Court-House, ib.; pursues Corn- pulsed at Red Bank, 219.
wallis towards Wilmington, ib. ; is Holland takes sides with the Americans
attacked by Lord Rawdon at Hob- against Great Britain, in 1780, 309;
kirk's Hill, near Camden, 319; cap- Henry Laurens appointed minister
ture of several British forts, ib. ; to, ib.; Great Britain declares war
besieges Fort Ninety-Six, but is against, 310.
compelled to raise the siege, and Home Department, the, 693.
retreats across the Saluda river, Howe, General Robert, commands a body
ib.; attacks the British at Eutaw of American troops in an expedition
Springs, and defeats them, 321 ; against Florida, 233; sickness of his
close of the campaign in South Car- troops, and their retreat, 254; de-
olina, 322; reinforced by a detach- feated at Savannah (after a despe-
ment under General St. Clair, 327; rate contest) by the British, under
sends Wayne with a part of the Campbell and Baird, ib.; commands
army into Georgia, 332.
the post at West Point, 300.
Grenville, George, premier, 52 ; proposes Howe, General Sir William, arrives at
to tax the colonies, 53; introduces Boston with an army, 159; com-
the Stamp Act, 56 ; his views on mands British troops at battle of
taxation of the colonies, 68; op. Bunker Hill, 160; succeeds General
Gage in command, 165; proposes Hutchinson, lieutenant-governor of Massa-
to evacuate Boston, 181; evacuates chusetts, succeeds Bernard as gover-
Boston, and sails with the troops nor, 81; at first refuses, but after-
for Halifax, 182 ; arrives off Sandy wards consents to the removal of
Hook with an army, 191; takes British troops from Boston, 92 ; his
possession of Staten Island, ib.; letters to the British government
lands on Long Island, 193; defeats sent by Dr. Franklin to Massachu-
the Americans, 195 ; is knighted by setts Assembly, 101 ; acknowledges
the King, ib.; prepares to drive the letters to be genuine, but confi-
the American army from the city dential, ib.; Assembly petitions for
of New York, 197; takes possession his removal, 102 ; refuses to remove
of the city, 198; organizes a tem-
Chief Justice Oliver, 115 ; retires,
porary government, and marches in and is succeeded by Gen. Gage, ib.
pursuit of the Americans, 199 ; his
indecision as to the course to adopt, Imports and Exports of the United
201; yields to the counsel of Lord States, 558.
Cornwallis, ib.; issues a joint pro- Independence, first dawning of, in Amer-
clamation with his brother, Lord ica, 52; ideas of, in the colonies,
Howe, offering pardon to Ameri- suggested by measures of the British
cans, 202 ; his plans for the cam- government, 82; gradual approaches
paign of 1777, 212; various opera- to, 124; first idea of, uncertain as to
tions of, ib.; moves from New York time, ib.; declaration of, mentioned
to New Brunswick, 214; mancu- by Patrick Henry, in 1773, 127;
vres and stratagem of, 215; retires declaration of, at Mecklenburg, N.
to Staten Island, and evacuates New C, in May, 1775, 149; ideas of,
Jersey, ib. ; embarks his troops for among the people of America, 185;
Philadelphia, via the Chesapeake, Dr. Dwight's early views in favor
ib.; leaves his troops at Elk river, of, ib.; action by the Continental
marches, and defeats the Americans Congress in favor of, 187; committee
on the Brandywine, 217; enters appointed to prepare Declaration,
Philadelphia, 219; pushes forward ib.; adoption and signing of the
to Germantown, where he is attack- Declaration, 186; acknowledgment
ed by Washington, and defeats him, of, advocated in the British Parlia-
219; after another action at White. ment (in 1778), 242.
marsh, unimportant in its result, he Indians, the war of the Five Nations
goes into winter quarters at Phila- against the French aided by the
delphia, 220; recalled by his own English, 27; their outrages on the
request, 214; fête given him by his frontiers, their butcheries at Fort
officers at Philadelphia on taking Wm. Henry, 39 ; hostilities with the
leave, called the Mischianza, 245; British Colonies, 54; under French
departs for England, and is succeed- influence, ib.; Six Nations of, join
ed by Sir H. Clinton, ib.
the British, ib.; southern, instigated
Hore, Admiral Lord, arrives at Staten against Americans by British agents,
Island, in the capacity of British 206; various tribes of, join General
commissioner, 192; his amiable Burgoyne's army, 221; murder of
character, 191 ; his circular letters ! Miss McCrea, 223 ; allies of General
to Americans, 192; letters to Gen. Burgoyne desert the service, 226;
Washington, 193; bis second at- barbarities of, on western frontiers,
tempt at pacification, 196; meets 230; massacre of the people of
committee of Congress, ib.; result Wyoming, 26, 252; their settle-
of the conference, 197; his conver- ments laid waste by the Americans,
sation with Dr. Franklin, ib. ; sails 252; attack and massacre of Cherry
from the Delaware to Sandy Hook, Valley, 253; depredations on the
and transports Sir II. Clinton's troops southern frontier, ib.; on the Sus-
to New York, 248 ; sails to Newport, quehanna, chastised by General Sul-
R. I., where he meets the French livan, and their villages destroyed,
feet under Count D'Estaing, 249 ; 278-279.
both fleets put to sea, but a storm
prevents an engagement, ib.; is Jackson, Andreu (vol. ii.), early life of,
joined by Admiral Byrou's fleet, 291; military career, 292; mar-
250; Admiral Gambier takes the riage, 294; Tennessee becomes a
command, and Lord Ilowe returns State, 294; he is elected governor
to England, ib.
of Tennessee, 296 ; bis challenge of
Huntington, Samuel, life of, 477.
Dickinson, 297; arrest of Aaron
666
Burr, 297; his engagement with garding the militia, 132 ; difficulties
the Creek Indians, 298; his career with Spain about Louisiana, 132;
during the war of 1812, 300; at Monroe's mission to France, 134;
New Orleans, 317; is appointed termination of the treaty, 138; fur-
commander-in-chief for the South, ther troubles, 138; treaty ratified
310; Florida war, 311; visit of La- by the Senate, 140 ; naturalization
fayette, 313; elected President, and of aliens, 141; bankrupt law re-
his inaugural address, 315; his usur- pealed, 142; exploring expedition
pations, 317; the Twenty-first Con- to the Pacific, 142; close of the war
gress convened, 321; unexampled with Tripoli, 143; second Presiden-
prosperity of the country, 321; prin- tial term of, 144; interruptions to
cipal acts passed, 322; sales of the American comineree by Great Bri-
public lands, 323; the nullification tain, 147; purchase of Florida at
question, 324; United States bank Paris, 148; expedition of Cul Burr
and the tariff, 327; violations of the in the West, 149; treaty with
constitution, 329; claims of the Great Britain, 151; Napoleon's
United States France, 332; Berlin decree, 155; restrictive mea-
treaty with Brazil, 335 ; renomina- sures of the federalists, 156; the
tion to Presidency, 339; the census embargo law, 158; fortifications at
of 1830, 344; United States bank New York, 161; the non-intercourse
veto, 347; internal improvements law, 163; review of the administra-
bill, 340; reduction of duties, 350 ; tion of 166; the uon-intercourse
French treaty, 356; treaty with
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