near St. Petersburgh, to the Horticultural Society of London, in 1824.

2. EARLY JULIEN. Hort. Trans. Vol. iv. p. 216. Fruit middle-sized, of an irregular globular form, with several ribs or angles on the sides, which become quite prominent round the eye. Skin of a pale yellow, without any mixture of colour. Flesh approaching to yellow, firm and crisp, with a pleasant brisk juice, having much the highest flavour of any of the very early apples.

A Scotch dessert apple, ripe the beginning and middle of August.

3. IRISH PEACH APPLE. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 740. Pom. Mag. t. 100.

Early Crofton. Hort. Trans. Vol. iii. p. 321. and

453.

Fruit middle-sized, depressed, globular, obtusely angular. Eye nearly closed by the segments of the calyx. Stalk short, not deeply inserted. Skin marked with brownish red, intermixed with some streaks of deeper red; the shaded side yellowish green, sprinkled with small brown dots. Flesh white, tender, juicy, rich, and very highly flavoured.

A dessert apple, ripe in August.

4. JUNEATING. Ray (1688), No. 1. Langley Pom. t. 74. f. 2.

Fruit small, round, somewhat flattened at both ends, about one inch and three quarters in diameter, and one inch and a half deep. Eye small, with a closed calyx in a depressed wrinkled basin. Stalk slender, three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a small narrow cavity. Skin pale yellow, with a slight pale tinge of red on the sunny side. Flesh crisp, but soon becomes mealy. Juice a little sugary, with a slight perfume.

Ripe the end of July and beginning of August. 5. MARGARET. Miller, No. 2.

Magdalene. Ray (1688), No. 2.

Fruit below the middle size, two inches and a quarter in diameter, and two inches deep, slightly angular on its sides. Eye small, with a closed calyx, placed in a narrow basin, surrounded by several unequal plaits. Stalk short, slender, in a funnel-shaped cavity, even with the base. Skin pale yellow, with numerous small pearl-coloured imbedded specks, and slightly tinged with orange on the sunny side. Flesh white, very crisp and tender. Juice plentiful, saccharine, and highly perfumed.

A dessert apple, of first-rate excellence, from the middle of August to the end.

This is the true Margaret apple of MILLER, and has been in our gardens since the time of RAY, in 1688; but it is not the Margaret of Forsyth, and of many collections of the present day (See No. 13). The tree is readily known from every other variety of apple, by its upright growth, by its short erect branches, and by the excessive pubescence of its leaves.

6. OSLIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 5.; Pom. Mag.

t. 5.

Oslin Pippin. Nicol Ed. 4. p. 164.

Oslin, or Arbroath Pippin. Forsyth. Ed. 7. p. 119. Orgeline, or Orjeline. Ib. Ed. 5. p. 119.

Fruit roundish, depressed, without angles. Eye rather prominent, with a few moderately sized plaits. Stalk short, thick, not deeply inserted. Skin very thick and tough, pale bright lemon colour when fully ripe, intermixed with a little bright green, and sprinkled with numerous spots of the same. Flesh inclining to yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, very rich, and highly flavoured.

Ripe about the middle of August, and very excellent. This is supposed to have been raised at Arbroath, in Forfarshire; although there is a tradition of its having been brought from France by the monks of the abbey

of Arbroath; but it is not to be found at the present

time

among the continental writers.

7. RED ASTRACAN. Hort. Trans. Vol. iv. p. Pom. Mag. t. 123.

522.

Fruit rather above the middle size, roundish, slightly angular. Eye in a tolerably deep basin, surrounded by a few knobby protuberances. Stalk short, deeply inserted. Skin greenish yellow in the shade, deep crimson on the exposed side, and over great part of the surface spotted with russet, with a little coarse russet surrounding the stalk. The greatest part of the red colour is covered with a delicate white bloom like that of a plum, which gives it somewhat the appearance of a peach. Flesh white, crisp. Juice abundant, with a rich saccharine acid, but soon becomes mealy.

Ripe about the middle of August.

This very beautiful apple was imported from Sweden, and first fruited by William Atkinson, Esq. of Grove End, Paddington, in 1816. Fruit of it was exhibited at the Horticultural Society, in 1820.

8. RED QUARENDEN. Devonshire Quarenden.

Pom. Mag. t. 94.

Hooker Pom. Lond. t. 13.

Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 822.

Sack apple, Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 1012. according to the Pom. Mag.

Fruit below the middle size, oblate, or round, and depressed, the outline tolerably regular. Eye slightly or not at all depressed, entirely closed by the long segments of the calyx, and surrounded by little knotty protuberances. Stalk thick, rather short, deeply inserted. Skin of an uniform deep rich crimson, with a great many green dots intermixed; greenish on the shaded side. Flesh greenish white; when newly gathered, crisp, very juicy, mixed with a most agreeable acid.

Ripe in August, and will keep till the end of September. This is said to be a Devonshire apple, although

I find no such name as Quarenden in the county.

It

is common in Somersetshire and Gloucestershire, where it is very much and very justly esteemed.

9. SPRING GROVE CODLIN. Hort. Trans. Vol. i. p. 197. t. 11.

Fruit of the usual codlin shape, about three inches in diameter at the base, and two inches and three quarters deep, slightly angular on its sides, and tapering to a narrow crown. Eye closed by broad, short segments of the calyx, slightly sunk in a narrow, oblique, plaited hollow. Stalk rather short, not protruding beyond the base. Skin pale greenish yellow, tinged with orange on the sunny side. Flesh greenish yellow, tender. Juice saccharine, with a mixture of acid, and a very slight perfume. It is ready for tarts in July, and will keep till October or November.

The Spring Grove Codlin was first brought into notice by Sir Joseph Banks, in a communication to the Horticultural Society of London, read April 3. 1810.

10. SUMMER GOLDEN PIPPIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 393. Pom. Mag. t. 50.

Fruit small, roundish-oblong, flattened at both ends. Eye in a wide, shallow, even hollow. Stalk short, inserted in a middle-sized cavity. Skin very smooth and shining; on the side next the sun bright yellow, tinged a little with orange, which gradually fades away on the shaded side into a pale lemon colour, and marked throughout with pale scattered dots. Flesh whitish, firm, very juicy, sweet and agreeable, without perfume. Ripe the end of August, and will keep ten days or a fortnight.

A very beautiful and excellent little dessert apple. 11. WHITE ASTRACAN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 23. Pom. Mag. t. 96.

Glace de Zélande. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 366., and of foreign gardens, according to the Pom. Mag.

Transparent de Moscovie. Ib. according to the Pom. Mag. and the Hort. Cat.

Pyrus Astracanica, De Cand. Prod. Vol. ii. p. 635. Fruit middle-sized,, roundish, angular on the sides, and ribbed at the apex. Eye depressed in a small hollow. Stalk thick, and very short. Skin smooth, with a few faint streaks of red on the sunny side, and covered with a white bloom. Flesh snow-white, often transparent in part, tender, juicy, crisp, very pleasant and delicate.

Ripe in August, and will keep good for only a few days. It is a hardy tree, and a very good bearer. It has been introduced from Russia, where it is said to grow wild about Astracan, and was first brought into notice by William Atkinson, Esq. of Grove End, Paddington.

SECT. II. Summer.

Summer. Conical or oblong.

12. DOCTOR HELSHAM'S PIPPIN. G. Lind. Cat. 1815.

Fruit middle-sized, more long than broad, eight or nine inches in circumference, a little angular on the sides. Eye small, in a rather wide and oblique basin. Stalk half an inch long, deeply inserted. Skin yellowish green, with several reddish spots; on the sunny side of a fine clear red. Flesh white. Juice sweet, with a slight aromatic flavour.

Ripe in August and beginning of September.

The branches of this tree droop in the manner of a Jargonelle Pear. It is an abundant bearer, and deserves cultivation.

The original tree, which is a large one, was raised by the late Dr. Helsham, and is now growing in the garden of Mr. Etheredge, of Stoke Ferry, in Norfolk.

13. EARLY RED MARGARET. 588. Pom. Mag. t. 46.

Hort. Soc. Cat. No.