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with a small portion of it showing through. Stalk woolly, sometimes inserted beneath a deep lip protruding into the cavity of the base. Flesh white, firm, juicy, sweet mixed with acid, little perfumed, very rich and agreeable.

A very excellent autumn dessert apple, in perfection about the end of August, and will keep sound till Christmas. It is a healthy, hardy variety, but better adapted for dwarfs than for standards.

22. EMPEROR ALEXANDer.

p. 407. t. 28.

Hort. Trans. Vol. ii.

Alexander. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 6.

Aporta. According to the Hort. Cat.

Fruit very large, somewhat cordate, tapering from the base, which is broad, to the crown, where it is small and narrow. Eye large, and deeply seated in a perfectly smooth round basin. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, not protruded beyond the base. Skin greenish yellow, slightly streaked with red, but on the sunny side beautifully marbled, and streaked with bright red and orange. Flesh yellowish white, crisp, and very tender. Juice sugary, and of a rich aromatic flavour. An autumnal dessert apple from October till nearly Christmas. An excellent and valuable fruit.

Some fruit of this apple were imported from Riga by the late Mr. Lee, in January, 1817, one of which measured five inches and a half in diameter, four inches deep, sixteen inches in circumference, and weighed nineteen ounces. From this fruit the drawing above referred to in the Hort. Trans. was taken.

23. FLOWER OF KENT. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 338. Fruit rather large, somewhat flat, irregularly ribbed on its sides. Eye small and contracted, surrounded by prominent angles extending from the ribs. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, lengthened beyond the base. Skin dull yellow or olive on the shaded side; of a muddy

to the sun.

brown, tinged with bright red streaks, when exposed Flesh greenish yellow, with a pretty good juice. A good culinary apple from Michaelmas to Christmas.

Specimens of this apple were sent me from Mr. Kirke of Brompton.

24. FRANKLIN'S GOLDEN PIPPIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 383. Pom. Mag. t. 137.

Sudlow's Fall Pippin. Hort. Trans. Vol. iv. p. 217. according to the Pom. Mag.

Fruit middle sized, oval, rather broadest at the base. Eye slightly sunk in an even hollow, surrounded by very minute plaits, generally closed by the segments of the calyx. Stalk short, slender, in a deep cavity. Skin bright deep yellow, somewhat scabrous, with a tinge of green, sprinkled with numerous grey and dark-coloured specks or spots. Flesh pale yellow, crisp, tender. Juice rich, of a poignant aromatic flavour. A most excellent autumnal dessert apple, from Michaelmas to Christmas.

This appears to be of American origin, and was imported by Mr. Sudlow from the United States, as appears from the statement in the Transactions of the Horticultural Society above alluded to in 1819. Its introduction, however, was previously to this, and cannot have been later than 1805 or 1806.

25. FRANK RAMBOUR. Switzer.

Rambour Franc. Duh. Vol. i. 28. t. 10.
Rambour Gros. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 844.

Fruit large, of a flattish and somewhat irregular figure, about two inches and a half deep, and three inches and a quarter in diameter. Eye rather large, with a long connivent calyx, deeply sunk in an irregularly angled basin. Stalk short, deeply inserted. Skin pale yellow, with a few stains of red on the sunny side, and a little russetty in the cavity round the stalk. Flesh rather soft, with a slightly acid juice. A good culinary apple in October and November.

26. GOLDEN PIPPIN. Ray (1688), No. 9. Pom. Heref. t. 2.

Pépin d'Or. Knoop. Pom. 54. t. 9.

Fruit small, perfectly round in its outline, without any angles on its sides, generally from an inch and a half to two inches, both in its depth and diameter. In young and vigorous trees its size will be more, and of a greater length; but on old trees, which are in health, the size will be less, and shorter than its width. Eye small, in an even shallow basin. Stalk one inch long, slender. Skin bright yellow, or gold colour, interspersed with several grey russetty specks on the sunny side, and full of minute, pearl-coloured, imbedded specks. Flesh pale bright gold colour, crisp. Juice rich, saccharine, of the most delicious flavour of any apple we possess, if in high perfection.

The Golden Pippin, one of the most celebrated and esteemed apples of this or perhaps any other country, has been considered by some of our modern writers on pomology to be in a state of decay, its fruit of inferior quality in comparison to that of former times, and its existence near its termination. I cannot for a moment agree with such an opinion, because we have facts annually before our eyes completely at variance with such an assertion. Any person visiting Covent Garden or the Borough markets during the fruit season, and indeed any other large market in the southern or midland counties of England, will find specimens of fruit as perfect and as fine as any which have been either figured or described by any writer whatever, either in this or any other country. In favourable situations, in many parts of the country, instead of the trees being in a state of rapid decay, they may be found of unusually large size, perfectly healthy, and their crops abundant ; the fruit perfect in form, beautiful in colour, and excellent in quality. I may refer to a tree at this time

growing in a garden belonging to Michael Bland, Esq., in the city of Norwich, as one example out of the many which might be produced, in corroboration of what I have stated.

If the Golden Pippin be planted upon a good soil on a dry bottom, and in a warm or sheltered situation, well exposed to the sun, where its blossoms are secured from cold blasts in the spring, and where it can ripen its wood perfectly, it will be found hardy, without exhibiting those alarming signs of decay which have been held out as a presage of its speedy death.

Ripe in October, and will keep two months, or till past Christmas.

27. HAWTHORNDEN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 440. Pom. Mag. t. 34.

Nicol's Fr. Gard. p.

White Hawthornden. According to the Pom. Mag.

256.

Fruit above the middle size, rather irregularly formed, generally about three inches in diameter in one direction, and three inches and a quarter in another. When this irregularity happens, for it is not always the case, it arises from a broad protuberant rib, which extends from the base to the crown. This has occasioned the Hawthornden to be represented in the figure quoted above as having a cleft on its side; but neither this nor yet any other apple has one naturally. Sutures, or channels in fruit, are no where to be found, except in those which are termed drupaceous, or stone fruit. Its depth is from two inches and a quarter to two inches and a half. Eye rather small, with a converging calyx, rather deep, and surrounded by a few obtuse plaits. Stalk half an inch long, slender, rather deeply inserted. Skin very smooth, white, of a very pale greenish yellow, sometimes a little tinged with a blush on the sunny side towards the base. Flesh white. Juice plentiful, and well flavoured.

C

An excellent culinary fruit from Michaelmas to Christmas. This is a very valuable apple, and a most excellent bearer. The extreme buds are mostly blossom buds, which occasion the branches to become pendulous when the fruit is fully grown. It is said to have originated at Hawthornden, near Edinburgh, where Drummond the poet was born.

28. HOARY MORNING. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 455. Pom. Mag. t. 53.

Dainty apple. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 234., according to the Pom. Mag.

Fruit rather large, round, depressed, angular, with a very small close-plaited eye. Stalk generally rather short, in a wide cavity. Skin covered with a fine bloom, with broad, broken, irregular stripes of red next the sun, and paler and more distant marking of the same kind in the shade. Flesh firm, yellowish white, occasionally tinged with pink next the skin, with a rich and brisk flavour.

A culinary apple from Michaelmas till Christmas. A very handsome and useful kind, supposed to have had its origin in Somersetshire, from whence specimens were first communicated to the Horticultural Society by Charles Worthington, Esq. several years ago.

29. HUGHES'S GOLDEN PIPPIN. Hooker, Pom. Lond. t. 26. Pom. Mag. t. 132.

Forsyth, p. 108.

Hughes's New Golden Pippin. Fruit below the middle size, round, slightly flattened at the eye and stalk. Eye large, open, sometimes almost level with the top, but generally in a shallow depression, surrounded by a few plaits. Stalk short, thick, inserted in a very slight cavity, or frequently not at all sunk, but forming a knob projecting on the base of the fruit. Skin yellow, thickly set with green spots and small russetty specks, and tinged with green around the stalk. Flesh yellowish, firm, juicy, with a rich, agreeable, sharp flavour.

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