of other varieties, and it is of itself an excellent cider fruit.

Its name has originated, no doubt, from the appearance of its fruit when highly ripened, resembling that of a crop of very ripe Seville Oranges. There are trees now to be found 100 years old; but where it originated cannot be ascertained.

It has been supposed by some that the Orange Pippin was brought from Normandy to the Isle of Wight, and that the first of the kind was planted in the garden of Wraxhall Cottage, near the under cliff, where it was growing in 1817.

207. PAWSAN. Pom. Heref. t. 15.

Fruit above the middle size, pretty round, without angles; but sometimes it is rather oval. Crown but little hollow. Eye small, with short reflexed segments of the calyx. Skin dull muddy olive-green, a good deal reticulated with a fine network. Stalk three quarters of an inch long, slender, causing the fruit to be pendent.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1076.

Many trees of the Pawsan are found in the southeast or Ryeland district of Herefordshire, which have apparently stood more than a century. Its pulp is exceedingly rich and yellow, and in some seasons it affords cider of the very finest quality. Its name cannot be traced to any probable source.

208. RED MUST. Pom. Heref. t. 4.

Fruit nearly, if not quite, the largest cider apple cultivated in Herefordshire. It is rather broad and flattish, a little irregular at its base, which is hollow. Stalk slender. Crown sunk. Eye deep, with a stout erect Skin greenish yellow on the shaded side, with a deep rosy colour where exposed to the sun, and shaded with a darker red.

calyx.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1064.

Ray has both a Red and a White Must apple among his cider fruit. The Red Must has been more extensively cultivated in Herefordshire than it is at present. Its cider has always been held in estimation; and although frequently thin of itself, when its fruit have been pressed with others, the cider has been much superior to that which could have been obtained from those sorts if pressed alone. It appears to be a native of Herefordshire, the deep soils of which produce trees of considerable magnitude.

209. REDSTREAK. Pom. Heref. t. 1.

Fruit nearly globular, but narrowed at the crown. Eye small, with a converging calyx. Stalk slender. Skin yellowish gold colour, but of a vermillion red where exposed to the sun, with deeper streaks, which are more or less marked all around the fruit.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1079.

Mr. Knight, the author of the very interesting Pomona Herefordensis, is of opinion that the Redstreak was the first fine cider apple that was cultivated in Herefordshire, or probably in England; and thinks it may be doubted, whether excellent cider was ever made in any country previous to the existence of this apple.

It is unquestionably a native of Herefordshire, and is supposed to have been raised from seed by Lord Scudamore in the beginning of the seventeenth century. When it began to be first cultivated, it was called Scudamore's Crab, and he certainly first pointed out its excellence to the Herefordshire planters. Lord Scudamore was ambassador to the court of France in the time of King Charles the First.

210. SIBERIAN BITTER-SWEET. Hort. Trans. Vol. vi. p. 547.

Fruit rather more than twice the size of the Siberian Crab, and not unlike it in shape, but with more colour

on its sunny side. Mr. Knight, who raised it from a seed of the Siberian Crab, which had been fertilised by the pollen of the Golden Harvey, says it is wholly worthless, except for the press; for this purpose it is highly valuable, when crushed with the more austere sorts, as it contains a larger portion of saccharine matter than any other apple known. I have tasted it at Mr. Knight's, and could compare it to nothing so much as to a sweet apple sliced and dipped in moist sugar. It obtained the premium awarded by the Agricultural Society of Herefordshire in 1826, for the best new variety of cider apple.

The tree is a most abundant bearer, and possesses the valuable property of resisting the attacks of the white mealy insect, in the same manner as the Winter Majitin of Norfolk. The Siberian Bitter-Sweet appears to have produced its first fruit in 1818, as Mr. Knight says in a letter to me (September, 1830), "The original tree has borne thirteen successive crops, in defiance of several very severe and destructive frosts; and all heavy ones : the quality of the fruit consequently is apt to suffer greatly, and this takes off much from its value, as overloaded trees never afford rich fruit, or fine cider."

211. SIBERIAN HARVEY. Pom. Heref. t. 23. Fruit small, and nearly globular. Eye small, with short connivent segments of the calyx. Stalk short. Skin of a bright gold colour, tinged with faint and deeper red on the sunny side. The fruit grows a good deal in clusters on slender wing branches.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1091.

This was raised by Mr. Knight from a seed of the Siberian Crab, which had been fertilised by the pollen of the Golden Harvey. It produced blossoms first in 1807, and that year obtained the premium of the Agricultural Society of Herefordshire. Its juice is intensely sweet. The fruit becomes ripe the middle of October,

but will remain on the tree long after it is ripe, and after its leaves are fallen.

212. STEAD'S KERNEL.

Pom. Heref. t. 25.

Fruit a little turbinate, or top-shaped, something resembling a quince. Eye small, flat, with a short truncate, or covered calyx. Stalk short. Skin yellow, a little reticulated with a slight greyish russet, and a few small specks intermixed.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1074.

As a cider apple, this appears to possess great merit, combining a slight degree of astringency with much sweetness. It ripens in October, and is also a good culinary apple during its season.

It was raised from seed by the late Daniel Stead, at Brierly, near Leominster, in Herefordshire.

WINTER PEARMAIN, see No. 161. Ray, 1688. Parmain d'Hiver. Knoof. Pom. p. 64. t. 11. Old Pearmain. Pom. Heref. t. 29.

Fruit middle-sized, regular in shape, and about onefourth part more long than broad. Crown a little narrowed. Eye small, and closed by the shut segments of the calyx. Stalk short. Skin grass green, with a little colour of a livid red on the sunny side, interspersed with a few dark specks.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1079.

This was extensively cultivated in the seventeenth century, and is called by Evelyn and Worlidge the Winter Pearmain. Knoop also calls it Pepin Parmain d'Angleterre, from which it would appear, that on the Continent it was considered of English origin. It is a very good apple, and in a fine season is equally calculated for the press or the dessert.

213. WOODCOCK APPLE. Pom. Heref. t. 10.

Fruit middle-sized, of an oval shape, tapering a little to the crown, which is narrow. Eye flat, with broad segments of the calyx. Stalk three quarters of an inch

long, thick, and fleshy, and curved inwards towards the fruit. Skin yellow, nearly covered with a soft red, and much deeper colour on the sunny side.

Specific gravity of the Juice 1073.

The Woodcock apple has been frequently mentioned by writers of the seventeenth century, as a cider apple of great excellence; but its cultivation seems on the decline. Its name is generally supposed to have been derived from an imaginary resemblance of the form of the fruit and fruit-stalk, in some instances, to the head and beak of a woodcock.

214. YELLOW ELLIOT. Pom. Heref. t. 17.

Fruit of a good size, rather more flat than long, having a few obtuse angles terminating in the crown. Eye small, with short diverging segments of the calyx. Stalk short. Skin pale yellow, slightly shaded with orange on the sunny side.

Specific gravity of the juice 1076.

The Yellow Elliot was well known by planters of the seventeenth century. The cider in a new state is harsh and astringent; but it grows soft and mellows with age. It is supposed to have derived its name from the person who raised it from seed, as we find it mentioned by Phillips in his poem on cider.

A Selection of Apples for a small Garden in the Southern and Midland Counties of England.