IV.

CHA P. sturbing, if not deftroying the Trade of our Neighbours, and Rivals, as well as Enemies. Let this be extended to whatever the National Exigencies may require; the Money, paid on this Occasion, still remains amongst us: And as it circulates through the Hands of every Individual; may rather deserve the Name of a Benefit, than a Detriment to the Subject. Many other Advantages, arifing from this manner of carrying on a War, particularly a War with France and Spain, might here be enumerated and enlarged upon : But as this is in fome Measure, foreign to my Purpofe; I fhall only add that nothing could fo effectually enable His Majesty, to put in practice the Refolution above quoted, in an eafier and lefs expenfive Way, and to the Great Joy of his Subjects, than the keeping Poffeffion of, and by all means ftrengthening and improving, Cape Breton,

CHAP.

....

CHA P. V.

Some Accounts of Canada, and the Affairs of the English Colonies, in its Neighbourhood; particularly of Nova Scotia.

HE London Courant quoted above, CH A P.

T propofes (as the next Step to the

Thus

Conqueft of Cape Breton) the driving the
French out of Canada, which, he fays,
may with great Eafe, be done. Under
the Name of Canada, the French compre-
hend all that Extent of Territory, which
they otherwise call New France.
Canada in their Maps, is very different-
ly laid down, from what it is in ours.
For they call that Canada, which we
call Acadia; and that, Acadia, which
we call Nova Scotia. But it is obvious,
that they have on all Occafions, changed
not only the Names of Places, but even
their Boundaries and Limits; juft as it
best fuited their prefent Conveniency, or
future

V.

V.

CHA P. future Views. They, of late Years, greatly enlarged their Limits prescribed and setled by the Treaty of Utrecht, for their fishing, and drying Fish at Newfoundland. And in the Year 1700, they pretended that New France extended itself along the Coaft of New England, as far as the River Kinibequi. If (as no doubt they intend) any Stress is to be laid upon the Maps lately published by Bellin, and annext to Charlevoix's Hiftory, there is scarce any Part of America, excepting Mexico and Peru, which they do not in one Shape or another lay claim to. But as all Titles but that of Conqueft, are, for the prefent at least annihilated; let us enquire, First, how far fuch a thing as the reducing of Canada to the Obedience of the Crown of England, is, in itself, practicable. And secondly, what would be the Advantages, arifing to the Crown of Great Britain, in cafe that Reduction were happily effected.

The Conqueft of Cape Breton, a lead

IT is evident, from the foregoing Account of the Situation of Cape Breton, that the taking that Island out of the the Reduction Hands of the French, has or may, of Canada.

ing Step to

in a

great

V.

great Measure, cut off the Communica- CHAP. tion between Old France, and its Poffeffions in and about the Bay and River of' St. Laurence. It may likewife be added, that the French Trade to the Miffifipi may be greatly curbed, if we establish a Cruise at Cape Breton fufficient to protect our own Trade in those Parts, and to annoy that of our Enemies. For though that River empties itself into the Gulph of Mexico, yet their Ships, in going thither and returning from thence, must run the risk of falling in with fome of our Cruisers. We have above represented, that this may not only easily be done, but that it would, in many Refpects, be for the Advantage of Great Britain to build Ships there, and equip them with every thing neceffary for their going to Sea. For as to Cannon, Cordage, and Sail Cloth, if they cannot be easily had at Cape Breton, or if it be judged improper that they fhould, they may, with great Eafe, and to good Account, be fent from hence.

MESS. RAUDOT have, in their Memorial to the Court of France, laid it down

as

CHAP. as a Maxim not to be contested, that

V.

New France cannot long fubfift, without Supplies and Support from the Old. And by blocking up this Paffage, we effectually cut off all thofe Neceffary Supplies: which must not only reduce them to great Extremities, but be the probable Caufe of the Defection of the Indians from them to Us. For as they cannot any longer fupply them with Goods, take theirs off their Hands, nor make them the ufual, and expected Prefents; these People will not, they cannot long depend upon a Nation, which can neither trade with them, gratify them, nor contribute to their Support. Wherefore I look upon the Reduction of Canada * as

the

*THIS is not fo very difficult a Task as it may at first Sight feem to be, if the the following French Author is to be credited. He quotes a Letter from Monfieur de Vaudreuil Chief Governour of New France, to Monfieur de Pontchartrain Premier Minifter, in the Year 1714. "Canada (fays the for66 mer) has actually in it but 4480 Inhabitants, ca"pable of bearing Arms; and the 28 Companies, "which the King maintains there amount to no more " than 628 Men. This handful of Men is fcattered "throughout an Extent of 100 Leagues of Country. The English