his rival for the hand of Lavinia, | nian; the same, in some respects,
daughter of Latinus ; but was as Etrurian. Strictly speaking,
defeated, and slain by Æneas in however, the term refers to the
single combat. vii. 56. 650. viii. Tyrrheni or Pelasgi, who brought
614. &c.
civilization into Etruria. vii. 242.
TUSCI. The Tuscans, or Etru- &c.
rians. xi. 629. &c.
TUSCUS, A, UM. Tuscan.-Thus
Tuscus amnis, the Tiber. See
Tiberis.
TYDEUS. Son of Eneus, king
of Calydon, was one of the
seven chiefs of the army of Adras-
tus against Thebes, and behaved
with great courage, but was mor-
tally wounded by Melanippus. He
was father of Diomede. vi. 479.
Hence
TYDIDES. Son of Tydeus; an
appellation of Diomede. i. 97.
&c.
TYNDARIS (gen. -ĬDIS). Daugh-
ter of Tyndarus. A female patro-
nymic, applied to Helen as the
daughter of Leda, who was the
wife of Tyndarus. ii. 569. 601.
TYPHŌEUS. A monstrous giant,
whom Earth, enraged at the de-
struction of her previous giant-
progeny, brought forth to contend
with the gods. The stature of this
being reached the sky; fire flashed
from his eyes; he hurled glowing
rocks, with loud cries and hissing,
against the heaven, and flame and
storm rushed from his mouth. The
gods, in dismay, fled from before
him, and concealed themselves un-
der the forms of different animals.
Jupiter, at last, overcame him, af-
ter a severe conflict, and placed
him beneath Etna; or, as others
say, in the Palus Serbonis, or
Serbonian Bog. Virgil, following
another legend, makes Etna to
have been placed upon Encela-
dus. viii. 298. See iii. 578. Hence
TYPHOIUS, A, UM. Typhoïan.
See note on i. 665.
TYRES. A Trojan. x. 403.
TYRIUS, A, UM. Tyrian; of
Tyre. i. 12, 574. 661. &c.
TYRRHENUS, A, um. Tyrrhe-
TYRRHENUS. An Etrurian chief.
xi. 612.
TYRRHIDE.
vii. 484. ix. 28.
Sons of Tyrrheus.
From
TYRRHEUS. The royal herds-
man of Latinus. vii. 485. &c.
TYRUS. A very ancient city
of Phoenicia, founded by a colony
of Sidonians. It was celebrated
for its commerce and numerous
colonial establishments. The pur-
ple of Tyre was famous. i. 346. &c.
VALERUS. A Rutulian. x. 752.
UCALEGON. A Trojan chief-
tain, incapacitated by age from
taking any part in the war; but a
wise and prudent counsellor. ii.
312.
VELĪNUS. A river in the Sa-
bine territory, rising in the Appen-
nines, and falling into the Nar. It
occasionally overflowed its banks,
and formed some small lakes be-
fore it entered the Nar. vii. 517.
VELĪNUS, A, UM. Velian; of
Velia, a city of Lucania, near the
promontory of Palinurum. vi. 366.
VENILIA. A nymph, the sister
of Amata, and mother of Turnus.
x. 76.
VENULUS. A Latin, sent with
others, as ambassador to Diomede,
to solicit his aid against the Tro-
jans. xi. 242. 742.
VENUS. Goddess of beauty,
and mother of Æneas, by Anchi-
ses. Her influence was constantly
exerted on the side of the Trojans.
i. 618. &c.
VESTA. A goddess among the
Romans, the same with the Greek
'Eoría. An idea of the sanctity
of the domestic hearth (oría),
as the point of assembly of the
and at last reached home, without
a single companion, after an ab-
sence of twenty years. Having
destroyed the suitors who were
wasting his substance, he again as-
cended the throne, and reigned
about sixteen years, when he was
slain by Telegonus, his son by
Circe. This son of his had land-
ed in Ithaca, with the hope of
making himself known to his fa-
ther; but his parent mistook him
for a marauder, and fell, in the
conflict that ensued, by the hand
of Telegonus, who was not aware
that his opponent was his own
father. The adventures of Ulys-
ses are recorded in the Odyssey. ii.
7. &c.
UMBER. Of, or from, Umbria.
Applied to the dogs of the country.
xii. 753.
VESULUS. A mountain, at the
termination of the Maritime, and
commencement of the Cottian UMBRO. A chieftain of the Mar-
Alps. It is celebrated in anti-ruvii, who came to the aid of Tur-
quity, as giving rise to the Padus, nus. He was slain by Æneas. vii.
or Po.
The Po flows from two | 752. x. 554.
small lakes, the one situate imme- VOLSCENS. A Latin chief, who,
diately below the highest peak of at the head of a party of horse,
the mountain, the other still higher fell in with Nisus and Euryalus, as
up, between that peak and a smaller they were leaving the Rutulian
one. Vesulus is now called Monte encampment, where they had
Viso. x. 708.
slaughtered a large number during
the night. He killed Euryalus, but
was immediately slain by Nisus.
ix. 370. &c.
VOLSCI. A people of Latium,
along the coast below Antium.
They aided Turnus against Æneas,
and their forces were led by their
warlike queen Camilla. vii, 803.
ix. 505. &c.
family, and the symbol of the so-
cial union, gave the Greeks oc-
casion to fancy it to be under the
guardianship of a peculiar deity,
whom they named from it Hestia.
There is every reason to believe
that the worship of the Roman
Vesta formed part of the religion
of the ancient Pelasgian popula-
tion of Latium; as it is by all tes-
timony carried back to the earliest
days of the state, and its introduc-
tion is ascribed to Numa.
Hestia, she was a deity presiding
over the private and public hearth;
and the safety of the city was held
to be connected with the keeping
alive of the sacred fire, which
flamed in her temple at Rome.
See note on ii, 292.
Like
UFENS. I. A Latin chief, from
Nersæ, a city of the Equi. vii.
745. &c.-II. A river of Latium.
See note on vii. 801.
VIRBIUS. Son of Hippolytus.
See note on vii. 762.
ca.
ULYSSES (written also Ulixes):
Son of Laertes, and King of Itha-
After having been one of the
suitors of Helen, he married Pene-
lope, the daughter of Icarius, bro-
ther of Tyndarus. During the
Trojan war, he was distinguished
among the Grecian chiefs for his
superior prudence and sagacity,
and it was to him, most of all,
that the destruction of Troy was
mainly owing. After the fall of
that city, setting sail for his na-
tive country, he was exposed to
numerous perils and misfortunes,
VOLTURNUS. A river of Cam-
pania, now Volturno, rising in the
Appennines, and falling into the
Tuscan or Lower Sea. At its
mouth stood the city of Voltur-
num. Virgil speaks of it as
abounding in shoals, and calls it
amnis vadosus. vii. 729.
VÕLUSUS. A chief of the Volsci.
xi. 463.
VULCANIUS, A, UM. Of Vulcan.
viii. 535. &c. Hence Vulcania
tellus, a name applied to the
island of Hiera, one of the Lipari
group, from its having been fabled
to be the workshop of Vulcan. viii.
422. From
poets, however, name Lemnos as
the scene of his labours. viii. 370.
&c.
XANTHUS. Called also Sca-
Ho-mander. A river of Troas, rising in
Mount Ida, and, after receiving
the Simoïs, falling into the Helles-
pont, near the promontory of Si-
gæum. It is now the Bournaba-
chi. i. 473. &c.
VULCANUS. The god of fire,
the same with the Hephaestus
("Hoaioros) of the Greeks.
mer makes him the son of Jupiter
and Juno; Hesiod, of Juno alone.
Vulcan was the patron deity of all
artists who wrought in iron and
other metals. The Cyclopes were
his chief attendants at the forge;
and by him were manufactured
the thunderbolts of Jupiter, as
well as various surprising pieces
of mechanism for different deities.
He made arms also for Achilles,
and for Æneas, at the request re-
spectively of Thetis and Venus.
Virgil places the workshop of Vul-
can in the island of Hiera, one
of the Lipari group.
The earlier
ZACYNTHUS. An island in the
Ionian Sea, to the west of Pelo-
ponnesus. Virgil calls it nemo-
rosa. It is now Zante, one of the
Ionian islands. iii. 270.
ZEPHYRUS. The western wind.
The god of this wind was son of
Astræus and Aurora. i. 131. &c.
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