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A WEEKLY

ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

VOLUME XXI.

NOVEMBER 1879 to APRIL 1880

"To the solid ground
Of Nature trusts the mind which builds for aye."-WORDSWORTH

London and New York:
MACMILLAN AND CO.

1880

LIBRARY

LONDON:

R. CLAY, SONS, AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS, BREAD STREET HILL, E. C.

INDEX

ABBAY (Rev. R.), a Consolidated Beach in Ceylon, 184
Abercromby (Hon. Ralph), the Tay Bridge Storm, 443, 502
Abich (Dr.), his Petrographical Descriptions of the Caucasian
Regions, 287

Abney (Capt., F.R.S.), on the Photographic Method of Mapping
the Least Refrangible End of the Solar Spectrum, 267
Abruzzi, Existence of the Chamois in the, 240
Absorption of Gases, on the Nature of, Dr. S. Wroblewski, 190
Ackroyd (William), Change in Apparent Position of Geometrical
Figures, 108; on the Eye as an Automatic Photometer, 627
"Acoustico-Electrical Kaleidoscope," M. Michelangiolo Monti's,

359

Adam's Valley (Moravia), Discovery of a Stalactite Cavern in,
358

Aeronautics: Balloon Accident, 71; Baumgartner's Navigable
Balloon, 549; Ballooning in France, 575
Afghan Ethnology, A. H. Keane, 276

Africa: Belgian Expedition, 73; the South African Public
Library, 115; the Abbé Debaize's Expedition, 190; Dr.
Junker's Expedition, 216; Dr. Rohlfs' Expedition, 241;
French Stations in, 242; Mr. Hore's Explorations, 242;
Ascent of the River Binué, 266, 504; Dr. Holub's Exploration
of, 288, 310; Dr. Bradshaw's Exploration of the Zambesi,
288; the East African Expedition, 331, 455 ; German African
Society, 360; "Africa Past and Present," 368; French
Missions to Northern, 385; Ivens and Capello's Exploration
of Angola, 455; Stanley's Congo Expedition, 455; Mook and
Holzhausen's Journey in, 455; German Grants to African
Research, 456; J. W. Moir's Expedition, 505; James Stewart's
Exploration of, 527; the Second Belgian Expedition, 550;
Masasi and Rovuma District, 577

Agassiz (Prof. Alex), the Antiquity of Oceanic Basins, 587
Agostini's Experiments with Mercury, 526
Agram, Earthquake at, 215

Agriculture: Agricultural College, Cirencester, Rev. J. Brown
Maclellan elected Principal of, 162; "The Science of Agri-
culture," J. B. Fuller, 2co; Principles of Agriculture, S.
Tomlinson, 466; New College of, 523, 547; Farming for
Pleasure and Profit, Arthur Roland, 534

Air, the Temperature of, at various levels, L. Hajniš, 176

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50, 122, 314, 458; American Quarterly Microscopical Journal,
50; American Arctic Exploring Expedition, proposed, 310;
American Biology, Central, 321; American Entomologist,
441, 626; American Geological Surveys, 476; Catalogue of
Official Reports, 332; American Sea-Side Laboratory, Prof.
E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., 497; see also United States, &c.
Ampère, proposed Statue to, 89
Amu-darya Expedition, the, 22
Amu-darya and Caspian Sea, proposed connection of, 216
Anatomical Model, Prof. Rüdinger's, 306

Anatomy, an Atlas of, by Mrs. Fenwick Miller, 9
Anchor-ice, Dr. J. Rae, 538; Allan Macdougall, 612
Ancients, Natural History of the, Rev. W. Houghton, M. A.,
151

Anderson (Richard), "Lightning-conductors, their History,
Nature, and Mode of Application," 415
Andrews (Dr. Thomas, F.R.S.), proposed Testimonial to, 162,
381
"Angler's Note book and Naturalist's Record," 263
Animals, Mind in the Lower, by W. Lauder Lindsay, M.D., 8
Animals and the Musical Scale, Dr. W. Pole, F.R.Š., 11
Animal Heat of Fishes, 156

"Animal Life," Dr. E. Perceval Wright, 232
Animal Kingdom, diffusion of Copper in, Dr. T. H. Norton,
305; Prof. Léon Fredericq, 370

Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 27, 122, 218, 289, 361, 530
Annales de l'Extrême Orient, 360
Annuaire for Turkestan, 22

Ansdell (Gerrard), the Physical Constants of Liquid Hydro-
chloric Acid, 387

Antarctic Expedition, proposed Italian, 578, 598
Anthony (Edwyn), a Feat of Memory, 562

Anthracite, a Valuable Bed of, at Ching-mên chow, 307
Anthropology: Anthropological Institute, 99, 195, 291, 363,
435, 459, 483, 555; Anthropological Society of Paris, Felyx-
Denys-Rapontayabo's letter to, 19; Anthropological Discovery
at Sypniewo by Herr Wilckens, 216; Removal of Barnard
Davis's Anthropological Collection to the Royal College of
Surgeons' Museum, 329; Recent Progress in, Dr. B. Tylor,
F.R.S., 380; German Exhibition of, 595

"Air at the Equator, why it is not hotter in January than in Antimony, the Atomic Weight of, 554
July," A. Woeikof, 249

Akhal-Tekkes, the, 455
Albumen and Fat, 618
Algæ, 282

Algeria: Exploration of, 216, 239; Algerian Company for Cultivating the Sahara, 424; Algerian Scientific Association, 474; Rainfall in, 549

Algiers, Observatory of, 263

Allen (J. Romilly), a Museum Conference, 468, 515
Alloys, Copper-Tin, W. Chandler Roberts, F.R.S., 272
Alpine Flowers, Fertilisers of, Dr. Hermann Müller, 275
Alston (E. R.), Mammalia of Scotland, 609
Alternative Interpretation of Sensation, Fred. D. Brown, 177
Alum Bay, the Fossil Flora of, Baron Ettingshausen, 555; J.
Starkie Gardner, 588

Alumayû, Who was Prince? A. H. Keane, 61
Amblystoma punctatum, Development of, 454
America: North, Prof. Geikie, F. R. S., on the Geology of, 67;
the New French Cable for, 307; American Academy of Arts
and Sciences, 196, 460, 532; American Journal of Science
and Arts, 50, 122, 267, 361, 458, 626; American Naturalists,

Ants, the "Parasol," of Texas: how they cut and carry Leaves:
Origin of Castes by Evolution, G. T. Bettany, 17
Arago, Dr. Janssen on, 418

Aralo-Caspian Basin, Geology and Physical Geography of, 577
"Aratus' Skies and Weather Forecasts," 329

Archives des Sciences Physique et Naturelles, 28, 362, 459, 530
Archibald (E. Douglas), a Correction, 131; Sunshine Cycles,
393

Arctic Exploration: Capt. Howgate's Proposed Expedition, II,
526; the Swedish North-east Passage Expedition, 37, 57, 326;
Proposed Submarine Expedition, 550
Ardennes, Tertiary Quartzites of the, 164
Argacus, Mount, Eruption of, 620
Argentina, Uranometria, 240

Argyll (Duke of), Ice-crystals, 274, 368
Aristotle, on certain Errors respecting the Structure of the
Heart attributed to Prof. Huxley, F.R.S., 1
Arithmetic, Strange, 468

Armstrong (Prof. Henry F., F.R.S.), Dissociation of Chlorine,
Bromine, and Iodine, 461; the Density of Chlorine, 561
Arrow Heads, Stone, 613

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L'Asonval's (M.), Suggestion for the Improvement of Planté's Secondary Batteries, 409

Artisan Reports on the Paris Exhibition of 1878, Prof. Silvanus P. Thompson, 397

Aryan Tribes of India, 598

"Asia Minor," in the "Encyclopædia Britannic," 82 Asia, Eastern, the Climate of, Dr. H. Fritsche, 175 Asia, Central, the Races of, 266

Asiatic Society of Japan, Transactions, 264 Astronomy: our Astronomical Column, 20, 71, 91, 117, 141, 164, 240, 264, 286, 307, 331, 359, 383, 453, 475, 502, 525, 575, 597, 618; School of, at the Observatory of Paris, 19; to Astronomers, Lord Lindsay, 106; Rev. J. Challis' "Practical Astronomy,” 105; "Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques et Astronomiques," 152; Astronomical SubjectIndex, J. L. E. Dreyer, 154; new journal of Astronomy and Meteorology, "Ciel et Terre," 424; French School of Astronomy, 452; a Bibliography of Astronomy, 453; Prof. Thury on Astronomical Observations, 474

Astrophytida and Ophiuridae of the Challenger Expedition,
Theodore Lyman, 513

Atlantic, the Temperatures of the, 142
Atmospheric Electricity, the ob erving of, 72
Atthey (Thomas), Death of, 616

Atti della R. Accademia dei Lincei, 530, 578

"Audiphone," Rhodes, 243, 469; Prof. Colladon on, 426; Thos. Fletcher, 515

Audition, Binaural, Prof. Silvanus Thompson's Monograph on, 21; Experiments relating to, 310

Aurora J. Rand Capron, 127; Catalogue of, 384; Aurora at Last, Prof. Piazzi Smyth, 492; Auroral Response in America, Prof. Piazzi Smyth, 609

Austral Islands, Land Shells of the, 108

Australian Colonies, Infantile Mortality in our, 48

Australia, Western, Demand for Flax grown in, 141; Mr. Alex. Forrest in, 165; Discovery of Coal in, 264

Australia, South, Meteorology of, 281

"Australasia," A. R. Wallace's, A. Hart Everett, 535; A. R. Wallace, 562

Austria-Hungary, Rainfall of, Dr. Hann, 385

Austria, Cave Exploration in, 457; Tumuli in, 457

Ayrton (Mrs. Chaplin), M.D. Degree from the Medical Faculty of Paris, 162

Ayrton (W. E.) and John Perry on Seeing by Electricity, 589 Azimuth, New Modes of showing Different Characteristics over Small Arcs in, from the Lighthouse Apparatus, T. Stevenson, 156

Balfour (Dr. I. B.) appointed Naturalist to the Socotra Expedition, 237; News from, 381; his Exploration of Socotra, 504, 515; Return from Socotra, 616

Ball (V.), Notes on the Papuans of Maclay Coast, New Guinea, 251; Jungle Life in India, 373

Balloons: Accident to a, 71; Baumgartner's Navigable, 549; Ballooning in France, 575

Balmain's Luminous Paint, 576

Barbadoes, Science in, 548

Barometer, on the Construction of a New Glycerine, 377

Barometrical Variations in India, S. A. Hill, 513

Barrett (Prof. W. F.), Novel Source of Frictional Electricity,

417; the Loud-speaking Telephone, 483; Trevelyan Rocker, 426, 507

Barrett (S. T.), Ice-Crystals or Filaments, 537

Barrington-Kennett (V. B.), the Paces of the Horse, 107

Barrois (Dr. Charles), Tertiary Quartzites of the Ardennes, 164; Marbre Griotte, 165

Barton (Bolling W.), Stags' Horns, 325

Bastian (Prof.), his Arrival at Batavia, 216
Batavia, Prof. Bastian's Arrival at, 216

Batteries, Planté's Secondary, M. d'Arsonval's Suggestion for the Improvement of, 409

Bauke (Dr. H.), of Berlin, Death of, 262

Beach, Note on a Consolidated, in Ceylon, Rev. R. Abbay, 184 Bedford (Henry), Sun-Spots, 276

Bees: and Centipedes, 12; Infectious Disease among, 163; Eating Entrapped Moths, 308

Beet-root, Manufacture of Me hyl Chloride from, Prof. C.
Vincent, 358

Begbie (Major Elphinstone), Intellect in Brutes, 325
Belgium: Belgian State Prize awarded to M. Houzeau, 162;
Geology of, 425; Dr. Michel Mourlon on the Geology of,
287; Annual Public Séance of the Belgian Academy, 407;
Prizes of the, 548; "Bibliotheca Belgica," 215; Devonian
Rocks of, Prof. Malaise, 576

Bell (Graham), Prix de Volta awarded to, 329

Bell (Thomas, (F.R.S.), Death of, 473; Obituary Notice of,

499

Bellew (H. W.), on Kafiristan, 427

Benson (C.), the Saidapet Experimental Farm Manual and Guide, 54

Bentley (Robert) and Trimen's Medicinal Plants, 416 Berlin: "Geographentag" at, 73; International Piscicultural Exhibition, 163; Berlin Geographical Society, 242, 477; Zeitschrift, 266, 386; German Anthropological Congress at, 285; Berlin Society of Commercial Geography, 427; Electrical Railway in, 473, 501

Bernier's (M. Théodore) "Dictionnaire Géographique, Historique, Archéologique, Biographique, et Bibliographique du Hainault," 360

Berrot (M.), Death of, 357

Berwick (Dr. George), Lunar Rings, 33, 155

Bettany (G. T.), the "Parasol" Ants of Texas; how They Cut and Carry Leaves; Origin of Castes by Evolution, 17; the Cambridge Natural Sciences Tripos, 86

Beynen (Koolemans) Death of, 92

Bibliography: Catalogue of Scientific Serials, Mr. S. H.
Scudder's New, 89; an Astronomical Bibliography, 453
Biela Comet Meteors, 71, 240

Biermann (Adolf), Death of, 548

Binary Stars, Orbits of, 141

Binaural Audition, Prof. Silvanus Thompson's Monograph on, 21; Experiments Relating to, 310

Biology Biological Notes, 93, 240, 308, 453; "CentraliAmericana," F. Duncan Godman and Osbert Salvin, 321; a New Biological Atlas, 262; the Destruction of Insect Pests an Unforseen Application of the Results of Biological Investigation, Prof. E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., 447; Studies from the Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University, 618

Bird (C.), "Lecture Notes on Physics," 153

Birds British, the Times on, 260; Moore's Ornithological Tables, 440; the Song of Birds, 590, 612

Birmingham Natural History and Microscopical Society, Annual Meeting of, 358; Conversazione of the, 424; Philosophical Society, Proceedings, 452; the Endowment of Research at, 487

Bischofsheim (M.), his New Observatory at Nice, 19, 407
Bjerknes's (M.) Theory of Electricity and Magneti-m, 72
Blanford (H. F.) on the Barometric See-Saw between Russia
and India in the Sun-Spot Cycle, 477

Blanford (W. T.), the Himalayan Ranges, 442
Bleaching, Improvements in, 14

Bleekrode (Prof. L.), a Lecture Experiment on Ice-Crystals, 444
Blomefield (L., late Jenyns), Scale of Colour, 201

Blood-Corpuscles, the Coloured, of the Frog, 453

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'Blowpipe Analysis," J. Landauer, 392

Blowpipe "Flame," Electricity of the, Col. W. A. Ross, 275; H. M'Leod, F.R.S., 347

Blunt (Wilfrid S.), his Account of a Journey to Nejd, 142

Bock (Carl), Exploration in Borneo, 241, 468

Bod (Lewis), Carnivorous Wasps, 538
Boilers, the Safety-Valves of, 189
Boisduval (Dr.), Death of, 451

Boll (Prof. Franz), Death of, 214
Bologna, Monument to Galvani in, 47
Bolton's Natural History Discoveries, 81

Bombay, Severe Thunderstorm in Dharwar, 616

Bon's (M. Le) Observations on Skulls, 285
Bone-Sucking-a Habit of Cattle, W. Frazer, J. Le Conte, 12
Bonwick (James), Who are the Irish?" A. H. Keane, 464,
563

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Borneo Exploration in, Carl Bock, 241, 468; Negritoes in, A. Hart Everett, 588; the Caves of, 627

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Geology of, 426

Boston (U.S.): and Harvard, 149; Society of Natural History, Proceedings of, 243, 501; American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 532

Botany: List of Works on Commercial, 115; Study of, at the Royal Gardens, Kew, 262; Botanical Garden at Hakodate, Japan, 357; Proposed Botanisches Centralblatt, 382; Botanische Jahrbücher, 474; Unintelligible Descriptions in Botanical Writings, 548; Dr. N. J. C. Müller's Handbook of Botany, 559

Bottomley (J. T.), Flow of Viscous Materials-a Model Glacier, 159

Boulak Museum, Robbery of a Collection belonging to, 140 Bournemouth, the Eocene Flora of, J. Starkie Gardner on, 181 "Bracteæ," Discovery of so-called, 286

Brault's (M. L.) Wind-Charts, 265
Briançon, Meteorological Observatory, 452
Bristol Museum and Library, 525

British Museum, John Miers's Bequest to, 71

Broca (Dr.), Elected a Life Member of the French Senate, 356 Brodie (Sir B. C.), Dissociation of the Metalloid Elements, 491 Bromine, Chlorine, and Iodine, Dissociation of, Prof. Henry E. Armstrong, F.R.S., 461

Broun (J. Allan, F.R.S.), Death of, 89; Obituary Notice of, Prof. Balfour Stewart, F. R.S., 112

Broun (Wm. Le Roy), Ice-Filaments, 589

Brown (F. D.), Subject-Indexes, 10; Alternative Interpretation
of Sensation, 177; the Density of Chlorine, 513
Brown (Dr. Robert), "The Countries of the World," 346
Brown (W.), Intellect in Brutes, 397

Brown Institution Lectures, 115

Brunton (Dr. Lauder, F.R.S.), "Medicine Past and Present," 510

Brutes, Intellect in, "Lindsay's Mind in the Lower Animals," 8; James Turnbull, 12: S. E. Peal, 34; Sophie Frankland, 82; C. F. Crehore, 132; Commander J. P. Maclear, 250; Francis E. Colenso, 251; W. Thompson, 324; J. R. Gregory, 324; Major Elphinstone Begbie, 325; T. E. Wilcox, 372; Alex. Mackennal, 397; W. Brown, 397, 494

Buchanan (John), Series of Force due to a Small Magnet, 370,

445

Buda-Pesth, University of, Centenary of, 549

Bühler (Georg), "The Sacred Laws of the Aryas," 77

Bulletin de l'Académie Royale des Sciences de Belgique, 51, 218, 362, 530, 578

Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, 51

Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques et Astronomiques, 152
Bunsen, Grease-Spot Photometer, Improvement in, 309
Burial-Mounds of Florida, "Finds" in the, 596
Burial-Places, Ancient, in Tennessee, 501
Burmah, Exploration of, 428

Burnham (S. W.), Double-Star Observations at Chicago, 53
Butter, Method for Distinguishing Natural from Artificial, 306
Butterflies, on the Sexual Colours of Certain, Chas. Darwin,
F.R.S., 237

Calcite, on the Crystallography of, J. R. McD. Irby, 200
Calderon (Don Salvador), on Petrography in Spain, 165
California, "Lick Observatory," 47, 91

Cambridge, Natural Science at, 26; Health of, 26; the Natural Sciences Tripos at, G. T. Bettany, 86; New Statutes, 146; Philosophical Society, 460

Canada Monthly Weather Review, 53

Canal Saint Martin, Ice on, 307

Candolle (Alph. de), on Unintelligible Descriptions in Botanical Works, 548

Capello and Ivens, Arrival of, at Loanda, 118

Capillary Electroscope, G. Gore, F.R.S., on the, 194
Capitaine (M.), Death of, 361

Capper (Samuel J.), Tidal Phenomenon in Lake Constance, 397
Capron (J. Rand), Auroræ, 127

Carbon and Water Figures, W. M. Flinders Petrie, 225 Carbonic Acid, does Chlorophyll Decompose? Prof. E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., 557

"Carboniferous Limestone and Cefn-y-Fedw Sandstone of the Country between Llanymynech and Minera, North Wales," George H. Morton, F.G.S., 105

Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen, 306
Carlsruhe, Shocks of Earthquake at, 3c6, 408

Carniola, Prehistoric Stations in, F. von Hochstetter and Ch.
Deschmann on, 192

Carnivorous Wasps, Sir David Wedderburn, Bart., 417; R. S.

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Newall, F.R.S., 494; Lewis Bod, 538; Worthington G. Smith, 563

Carpenter (Lant), the Application of Electricity to the Purposes of Practical Life in the United States, 116

Carpenter (Dr. W. B., F.R.S.), the Antiquity of Oceanic Basins, 609

Carré's Cast-Iron Magnets, 359

Carrie (Père), on Stanley's Expedition, 360

Caspian Sea and the Amu-Darya, Proposed Connection of, 216 Ca sell's Natural History, Edited by P. Martin Duncan, F.R.S., 135

Cast-Iron Magnets, M. Carré's, 359

Castlenau (Count de), Death of, 500
Cataloguing, Subject, 525

Caucasian Region, Dr. Abich's Petrographical Descriptions of 287

Caudal Disk, E. H. Pringle, 34

Cave Exploration in Austria, 457

Caves, a "Verein für Höhlenkunde," 285
Cedar of Lebanon in Cyprus, 93
Celestial Photometry, 23

Cell, the Primeval, 332

Cement for Glass, Herr II. Schwarz, 360
Centipedes and Bees, 12

Centrifugal Foree, Proposed Uses of, 526
Cerebration, Unconscious, Hyde Clarke, 81

Ceylon, Note on a Consolidated Beach in, Rev. R. Abbay, 184
Chalk, Kent, Vertical Shafts in the, 13; F. C. Spurrell, 65
Challenger Expedition, the Ophiuridæ and Astrophytide of the,
Theodore Lyman, 513

Challis's "Practical Astronomy," 105

Chambers (F.), Meteorological Phenomena of India, 384
Chamois, Existence of in the Abruzzi, 240

Chappell (Wm.), Hearing through the Mouth, 250
Charnay (Désiré), his Explorations in Australia, 288
Charry (Chintamanay Ragoonatha), Death of, 451
Chatelherault, Falling Stars Observed at, 90
Chemistry Chemical Society, 51, 123, 171, 218, 290, 434, 459,
507, 555, 603; Research Fund, 114, 423; Anniversary
Meeting, 624; Grundriss der Chemischen Technologie," Dr.
Juls Post, 55; Year-book of Chemical Technology," 79;
Chemical Repulsion, Edmund J. Mills, F.R.S., 290; Chemical
Equilibrium, MM. Pattison Muir, 516

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Chesapeake Sea-side Laboratory, 497

Chevallier (Jean Baptiste Alphonse), Obituary Notice of, 132 Chicago, Double Star Observations at, S. W. Burnham, 53 Chili, a New Geography of, 386

Chimborazo, Mount, Whymper's Ascent of, 620

China: Earthquake in, 12; Grand Canal, 360; J. H. Riley's Explorations in, 455; G. F. Eaton's Exploration of, 526; Woollen Manufactory in, 617

Chinese Goose, Fertility of Hybrids from, Chas. Darwin, F.R.S., 207; Lewis Wright, 302

Chinese Placard regarding the Consumption of Cow's Milk, Translation of, 187

Ching-Mêm-chow, Bed of Anthracite at, 307

Chloral Hydrate, the Dissociation of Gaseous, 424

Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine, Dissociation of, Prof. Henry E. Armstrong, F.R.S., 461

Chlorine, the Density of, Fred D. Brown, 513; Prof. Henry E. Armstrong, F.R.S., 561

Chlorophyll, the Functions of, Sydney H. Vines, 85; does it Decompose Carbonic Acid? Prof. E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S., 557

Chromatics, Modern, Prof. Ogden N. Rood, 78, 395
Chronological History of Plants, Prof. A. H. Sayce, 104
Chronometers, Prizes for the Best, 524

Church Missionary Society's Proposed Sanatorium in Africa, 23
Church (John A.), "The Com-tock Lode," 511

"Ciel et Terre," new Journal of Astronomy and Meteorology, 424

Circle, the Circumference of the, L. Hajnis, 324
City and Guilds of London Technical Institute, 524
Clark (Latimer), his Standard Cell, 117
Clarke (Hyde), Unconscious Cerebration, 81, 202

Clarke (Dr. Samuel), on the development of Amblystoma punctatum, 454

Clarke (Col. A. R., F.R.S.), "Geodesy," Major J. Herschel, 605 Clans (Prof.), his Report on the Work done at Zoological Station, Trieste, 163

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