own was as enlightened as could be expected in an age which finally drove nearly all Europe into revolution. Fortunately for our credit and for the good of our present colonies in N. A., the discovery of " gold" in California and Columbia opened the eyes of the world to the true riches of our Pacific possessions (the fertility of the soil), and lifted the veil which an interested few had hung around this region.

(To be continued.)

Pupil Teachers' Examination Paper,
June 1876.

Candidate's Paper.

Three hours and a half allowed.

DICTATION.-MALE AND FEMALE.-Write from Dictation the passage given out by the Inspector.

GRAMMAR.-Parse the following sentence:-The air which surrounds us, and which is called the Atmosphere, extends up from the surface of the earth above two hunded miles.

ARITHMETIC.-MALE AND FEMALE. 1. Divide seven hundred and thirty-two thousand five hundred and six by one hundred and fifty-three. 2. Multiply £2917 10s. by 98. 3. Multiply 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 21 lbs. 3 ozs. by 17. 4. There are five roads measuring 3 miles 4 furlongs each, four measuring 7 miles 6 furlongs 20 poles each, and seven measuring 6 miles each. What is the total length?

GEOGRAPHY.-What is meant by a Mountain Chain, a Group, a Peak, a Plateau? Give examples of each. 2. Name, in order, the counties bordering on the English Channel, with the chief features of the coast line. 3. Name four chief seaports of England and two of Wales, and describe their situation.

Fourth Year.-Four hours and a half allowed for Females and six hours for Males.

ARITHMETIC.-(Work three questions). MALES.-1. What principal should be put out at 3 per cent. simple interest, for

10 years to amount to £347, 16s.? 2. The circumference of a wheel being 3.14159 times its diameter, what would be the amount of error in calculating the distance in which a wheel, 1 yards across, would turn 1000 times, if the circumference were taken roughly at three times the diameter? 3. Find the difference between the amount of £250 in 2 years at 3 per cent. per annum, at simple and at compound interest; and divide it among two persons in the ratio of 9 to 5. 4. When a 3 per cent. stock is at 93, find what price a 4 per cent. stock must bear in order that an investment may be made with equal advantage in either stock.

FEMALES.-1. Multiply together the sum and difference of and, and give the answer in decimals. 2. Divide 33 of 2152 by 1.5 of 29.38. 3. If 1875 of a ship cost £273, what is her value?

GRAMMAR.-1. Set down six Latin prepositions with their meanings respectively, and give English words in which each of the prepositions occur. 2. Analyse the following passage:"Believe this,-that, if I had known that you would be the judge, I should have had no fear." 3. Parse the words which are in italics.

GEOGRAPHY.-1. Draw a full map of the Mediterranean Sea, with its islands. 2. Name in order the great rivers of Asia, and describe briefly the general character of each. 3. Give notes of a lesson on the climate of India.

HISTORY.-1. How did the wars of the Roses end? and what was the condition of the country at that time? 2. Compare Queen Elizabeth with Queen Anne; and mention under the reign of each the Englishmen most illustrious in war, politics, and literature. 3. When and how did England obtain her possessions in India?

EUCLID.-1. Prove that the sum of the distances of any point from the angular points of a quadrilateral is greater than half the perimeter of the quadrilaterial. 2. In any right angled triangle, the square which is described upon the side subtending the right angle, is equal to the squares described upon the sides which contain the right angle.

ALGEBRA.—1. Find the G. C. M. of 9ax2y2 and 15a2xz; also of 3x5 - 20x2+15x+2, and x1 - 4.x +3. 2. Solve the equations:

12

1

29

(1.) 21x+7=4(x-3)+3x+61. (2.) +

x

=

12x 24

COMPOSITION.-Write notes of a lesson on a photograph.

Fifth Year.-Four hours and a half allowed for Females and six hours for Males.

ARITHMETIC.-(Work two questions) MALES.-1. A bankrupt surrenders his property, worth £336, to three creditors, to whom he owes respectively £450, £560, and £670. Divide the property fairly among them. 2. Selling goods at 15 per cent. above cost price, I find that I can dispose of my whole stock in 4 months, but, if I ask 20 per cent. I take 6 months to dispose of it. Which is the more profitable plan, and what proportion do the profits bear to each other? 3. A man inheriting money spends on the first day 19s., twice that sum the next day, and 19s. additional every day till he exhausts his fortune by spending on the last day £190. What had he to start with. 4. Two women in the habit of buying between them 120 oranges a day at 3d. a dozen, and selling them at 5 for 2d., club together, and one taking the best half sells them at 2 a penny, the other selling the remainder at 3 a penny. How much are they better off at the end of six days' traffic, and what per centage of increased profit do they make by the latter plan?

FEMALES.-1. At what rate per cent. per annum must £365 be lent for 95 days to amount to £369 15s.? 2. If a capital of £250 gain £23 in 4 months, what will a capital of £1200 gain in 3 months? 3. What will £200 amount to in 3 years at 4 per cent. per annum compound interest?

GRAMMAR.-1. Give a brief account of the English language and English writers between 1066 A.D. and 1350 A.D. 2. Analyse the following lines:

"The voice I hear this passing night was heard

In ancient times by emperor and clown."

3. Parse the words which are in italics.

GEOGRAPHY.-1. Draw a map of the West Coast of Africa. 2. Settlements were founded in America by Spain, by Portugal, by France, by Holland; but no European Power, except Great Britain, now retains any considerable possession on that continent; and, even in her case, the territory lost by revolt has been greater than what she has gained by conquest."-Explain and illustrate this statement. Pacific Ocean.

3. Give notes of a lesson on the islands of the

HISTORY.-Answer two questions (Female Pupil Teachers may answer more than two).-1. Mention the chief causes of the Rebellion of 1642 or the Revolution of 1688. 2. When and how did the North American Colonies obtain independence? 3. Describe some historical events connected with Calais, Gibraltar, and Quebec.

EUCLID.-1. Divide a given straight line into two parts, so that the square on one part shall be double of the square on the other. 2. If a straight line be divided into two equal parts, and also into two unequal parts; the rectangle contained by the unequal parts, together with the square on the line between the points of section, is equal to the square on half the line.

ALGEBRA.-1. Reduce to lowest terms

a2by2z - ab2yz2

5

aby22
3 1 7
+

and

=

+8.

2x XC

Зос 6х

MENSURATION.—A B C D E is a five-sided field, and the angles at B, C, D, are right angles; A B=20 ft., BC= 18 ft., CD=32 ft., DE=13 ft. Find the length of the remaining side and area of the field.

COMPOSITION.-To be judged by the answers on Geography and History.

REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS.

We shall not confine our "Notices and Reviews" to professedly Educational works, as young teachers should not by any means cramp their reading to bare examination requirements.

Scripture Readings for Schools and Families, with Comments. By CHARLOTTE M. YONGE. (London: Macmillan & Co. 3s. 6d.)

66

The book before us is the fourth of the series, and continues the Bible narrative from Haggai's Exhortation,-about 520 B. C. to the end of the Gospel Times. The readings" are, as a rule, arranged in chronological order, and include selections from some of the Apocryphal Books, particularly the Books of Maccabees;-these books, although not canonical, are invaluable as histories,—indeed, it was from them that Josephus obtained the materials for a great part of his history. The selections, with the comments on them and on the readings from the accepted prophets, give an admirable insight into Jewish history, &c., during the latter part of the decline and fall of the empire.

Coming on to the Gospel Times, the same convenient chronological

arrangement is adopted, as far as possible, in the selections from the four Gospels; this in itself would be very helpful to students, forming as it does the best possible life of Christ, but the comments here, as on the readings from the Old Testament, are of a most thorough and valuable character. The book, though nominally for schools and families, seems to us scarcely suitable for young readers, though it is admirably so for older students.

Stewart's School and College Song-Book. (London: W. Stewart & Co. 6d..) A collection of songs compiled and edited by Mr John Williams of Northampton, with special reference to the requirements of our elementary schools. In our opinion the editor has succeeded well in his endeavour, and we heartily recommend the book to our readers, as it seems to us to be the most suitable selection we have seen for a very long time. It contains some good songs, rounds, &c., compiled "by permission" from various sources, together with an unusually large number of original tunes and poems. Some three or four verses of these "" 'poems" are execrable,-"not to put too fine a point upon it," both in rhyme and rhythm; but the tunes are all bright and pleasing, and such as boys and girls will be able to manage well. The music is printed in both notations with two trebles, and bass ad lib.

Lyra Sacra. By REV. W. T. READ, Head Master and Chaplain of the Training Ship "Worcester." (London: W. Stewart & Co.)

Many are fond of "narrative in rhyme;" to the Bible readers among these this little book will probably be acceptable, as it contains poems on most of the chief events of Old Testament History.

The author has apparently hampered himself by too close an imitation of Keble, Mrs Alexander (in the poem on Moses), &c.; this is unfortunate, as it is apt to provoke comparisons between these writers and himself; such comparisons must inevitably be unfavourable to the great majority of those who aspire to poetical honours: Lyra Sacra bears the comparison better than could be expected, however; besides which it has the additional merit of being so simple both in style and language as to be easily understood by the youngest readers. The "get up" of the book, too, is all that could be desired.

TO OUR READERS.

THE Rules for the Preparation of Lessons will be resumed in our next number. The subject of the first Notes of Lessons to be sent in competition for prizes will be "The Camel;" papers to be sent to the Editor sometime during November. Further particulars respecting these, and the prize examinations in Latin and Domestic Economy will be announced in our next.

Several correspondents have written expressing a hope that the "Teachers' Assistant" may be published fortnightly or weekly next year. Weekly would be too frequent, but we should be glad to know the wishes of our readers in general on the subject, as it is a matter in which all are interested.