notwithstanding his promife to the contrary, fired upon them, and damaged feveral of their veffels.

While the English were repairing their fhips, the Danish governor endeavoured to draw them into a new negociation, affirming that now he had received his master's orders, and was content to afford them what affistance he could: but, after mature deliberation, it was not thought proper to trust to thefe promifes; and, therefore, on the laft of Auguft, the earl failed with the rest of his fleet towards the coaft of Holland; but, fuffering much by a storm, his fhips were carried back again to the northward, and, on the 4th of September, he met with four Dutch East-Indiamen, and several other of their merchant-fhips under a good convoy; and though the ftormy weather favoured their efcape, yet he took eight good men of war, two of their beft Eat-India fhips, and twenty fail of their merchant-men. Alfo, on the 9th of September, a part of our fleet fell in with eighteen of the Hollanders, the greatest part of which they took, with four Dutch men of war and above 1000 prifoners.

On his return, he was received by the king with diftinguished marks of favour: but his royal highnefs's conduct in the great engagement, on the third of June, being much censured; and the king then declaring the duke of York fhould go no more to fea, and the earl's conduct in the fame action being as much applauded; left his continuance in the fole command of the fleet might be any difadvantage to the duke, our affairs in Spain requiring an extraordinary em baffy, his majefty difpatched the earl of Sandwich to the court of Madrid, to mediate a peace between the crowns of Spain and Portugal. The negociation was of equal difficulty and importance: we had many things to afk from Spain, in favour of our trade; and there was nothing to which the Spaniards were lefs inclined than to make peace with Portugal, and own it for an independent kingdom: yet the earl of Sandwich managed his business with fuch addrefs, that he concluded a molt advantageous treaty with the court of Spain, confifting of forty articles; and this too in a furprising fhort space of time, if we confider the nature of Spanish negociations; for his lordship arrived at Madrid on the 28th of May, 1666; and the treaty was figned on the 13th of May, 1667. His lordship then applied himself to the other parts of his commiffion, and by infifting

principally on the interefts of Spain, and making it evident, that the conti nuance of the Portugal war would be the total ruin of their affairs, and that a peace might be made without the leaft wound to their honour, at that juncture, he fo far prevailed, as to gain the queen of Spain's confent, that a treaty fhould be fet on foot under the mediation of the crown of Great Britain. The confidence, repofed in him upon this occafion, was managed with fuch dexterity by the earl of Sandwich, that, in three weeks after his arrival at Lisbon, he concluded a peace between the two nations, to their mutual fatisfaction. This treaty was figned the 13th of February, 1668; and it was extremely advantageous to the Portuguese (who, confidering the diftracted fate of their government, had very little reason to expect fo fortunate an event) and was no less honourable to the crown of Britain.

Upon the conclufion of thefe treaties, the earl of Sandwich was complimented both by the king and the duke under their hands, and his great fervices are acknowledged in fuch terms as they deferved, and which do no less honour to the memory of the princes who wrote them, than they do his to whom they were written. Many of the letters penned by his lordfhip in this embally have been made public, and remain fo many indelible marks of his wifdom, integrity, and public fpirit. They ferve alfo to thew how unneceffary a qualification cunning is in a public minifter, for they are written with a plainnefs that cannot be counterfeited, and fhew in their compofition a firength of genius capable of carrying its point, by fetting truth in a proper light, without the affillance of any of thofe little arts to much admired in modern politicians.

After the conclufion of the treaty with Portugal, he returned again to Madrid, where he spent fome tinie in fettling affairs, and confirming that court in the opinion that Britain. was its mott useful and natural ally; and, then taking his leave, arrived on the 19th of September, 1668, at Portfmouth. On his return to court he was received with all imaginable teftimonies of refpect by the king and duke, who were equally folicitous in fixing him to a good opinion of those meatures upon which they were then entering.

The plantation-trade was by this time become very confiderable, and, growing daily more and more advantageous to the nation, his majesty was gracioufly Ggggg 2 pleate

pleafed to erect a council for infpecting matters relating to trade, and for the fpecial encouragement of the planta tions. As this was in itself a very popular act, fo king Charles, who knew, as well as any prince, the art of pleafing his fubjects when he thought fit to practife it, judged it convenient to put at the head of this new council a man as acceptable in his character as the project was in its nature; and this determined him to the choice of the earl of Sandwich, who, on the 3d of Auguft, 1670, was fworn prefident of the council of plantations; and in that quality he fwore the duke of York, prince Rupert, the duke of Buckingham, and other perfons of the highest quality, members thereof. In this capacity, as well as in that of vice-admiral and privy-counfellor, he gave no fmall difturbance to the cabal: for, in the firft place, he was a fincere and zealous Proteftant; next, he was a true Englithman, loyal to his prince, but fteady in the caufe of his country, an enemy alike to faction and arbitrary power. He was, befides, for regarding no qualification but merit in the preferments of the navy, declaring upon all occafions against shewing favour to the relations of peers, or other perfons of diftinction, to the prejudice of fuch as had ferved longer or better. This rendered him the idol of the fleet, who, after the death of the duke of Albemarle, looked upon him as their father and pro

tector.

On the breaking out of the laft Dutch war, his lordship went to fea with the duke of York, and commanded the Blue fquadron, the French admiral count d'Eftrees commanding the White. The fleet was at fea in the beginning of the month of May, and towards the end of that month came to anchor in Southwold-bay, in order to take in water; there we are told, that on the 27th, which was Whitmonday, there was great merry-making on board the fleet, and many officers and feamen were permitted to go on fhore, and were at Southwold, Dunwich, and Aldborough. Things being in this fituation, and the weather withal very hazy, the earl of Sandwich, who had on board the admiral, gave it as his opinion in the evening, that, the wind flanding as it did, the fleet rode in danger of being furpriz d by the Durch; and, therefore, he thought it advisable to weigh anchor, and got out to fea: to this the duke of York made fuch an anfwer as feemed to

hint that the earl fpoke out of fear; which infinuation, if it was really made, was certainly barbarous and unjust.

On the 28th of May, between two and three in the morning, the fleet was informed of the approach of the Dutch: upon which his royal highness made the fignal for weighing anchor, and getting to fea; and, the occafion being of fo preffing a nature, many of the captains were obliged to cut their cables. The Blue fquadron, however, was out first, and in good order; the Red next; and the White in its proper ftation, much a-itern. The earl of Sandwich in his fine fhip, the Royal James, which carried 100 pieces of cannon, and about 800 men, began the fight, and fell furioufly on the fquadron of Van Ghent. This he did, not from a principle of diftinguishing himfelf by an act of heroic valour, for he knew his character was too well established to need that: his view was to give the rest of the fleet time to form; and in this he carried his point. Captain Brakel, in the Great Holland, a 60 gun fhip, depending on the affiftance of his fquadron, attacked the Royal James, but was foon dif abled, as were feveral other men of war; and three fire-fhips were funk. By this time most of his men were kil led, and the hull of the Royal James fo pierced with hot, that it was impoffi ble to carry her off. In this diftrefs he might have been relieved by his viceadmiral Sir Jofeph Jordan, if that gentleman had not been more folicitous about affifting the duke. When, therefore, he faw him fail by, heedlefs of the condition in which he lay, he faid to those who were about him, There is nothing left for us now but to defend the hip to the last man, and thofe who knew him readily underflood, that by the laft man he meant himself. When a fourth fire-ship had grappled him, he begged his captain Sir Richard Haddock and all his fervants to get into the boat and fave themselves; which they did: yet fome of the failors would not quit the admiral, but ftaid and endeavoured at his command to put out the fire, which, however, they could not do, and fo they perithed together, the fhip blowing up about noon.

His lordship's body was found near a fortnight afterwards, and the king teftified, by the honours he paid to the corpfe, how much he admired the man, how fenfible he was of his hard fate, and how willing he was to mingle with the duft of his ancestors the remains of

fuck

The Caledonian Orator

The Irresistible. Ms.

Published as the Act Directs by T.Walker N°79, Dame Street, 1776.

fuch as died glorioufly in their country's fervice. This fact ftands thus in the Gazette:

Harwich, June 10. This day the body of the right honourable Edward Earl of Sandwich, being by the order upon his coat difcovered floating on the fea by one of his majefty's ketches, was taken up, and brought into this port; where Sir Charles Littleton, the governor, receiving it, took immediate care for its embalming and honourable difpofing, till his majefty's pleasure fhould be known con cerning it. For the obtaining of which, his majefty was attended at Whitehall the next day by the matter of the faid veffel, who, by Sir Charles Littleton's order, was fent to prefent his majefty with the George found about the body of the faid earl, which remained at the time of its taking up in every part unblemished, faving fome impreffions made by the fire upon his face and breaft. Upon which his majefty, out of his princely regard to the great defervings of the faid earl, and his unexampled performances in this last act of his life, hath refolved to have his body brought up to London, there at his charge to receive the rites of funeral due to his great quality and merits.

The earl of Sandwich's body, being taken out of one of his majesty's yachts at Deptford, on the 3d of July, 1672, and laid in the most folemn manner in a sumptuous barge, proceeded by water to Weltminster-bridge, attended by the king's barges, his royal highness the duke of York's, as alfo with the feveral barges of the nobility, lord mayor, and the feveral companies of the city of London, adorned, fuitable to the melancholy occafion, with trumpets and other mufic, that founded the deepest notes. On paffing by the Tower, the great guns there were difcharged,, as well as at Whitehall; and, about five o'clock in the evening, the body being taken out of the barge at Weltmintterbridge, there was a proceflion to the Abbey-Church, with the highet magnificence. Eight earls were affiftant to his fon Edward Earl of Sandwich, chief nourner; and most of the nobility and nerfons of quality in town gave their ffiftance to his interment, in the duke of Albemarle's vauit, on the north fide of King Henry VII's Chapel, where his remains are depofited.'

Bishop Parker, after a pompous detail of this bloody difpute, proceeds in thefe words: The English loft many

volunteers and ten captains of fhips; amongst thefe were the Earl of Sandwich, and Digby, fon of the Earl of Bristol, who, almost alone, fought with the third fquadron of the Dutch: yet, at length, when Digby was fhot through the heart, and the fhip that he commanded was bored through with innumerable fhots, the feamen with difficulty brought her into the harbour; but Sandwich, having miferably fhattered feven of their fhips, and beat off three fire-fhips, at length being over-powered with numbers, fell a facrifice for his country: a gentleman adorned with all the virtues of Alcibiades, and untainted by any of his vices; of high birth; capable of any bufinefs; full of wifdom; a great commander at fea and land, and alfo learned and eloquent, affable, liberal, and magnificent."

The following Lines were written upon the Death of this great Man, by the ingenious Dr. CAMPBELL:

ADORN'D with titles, but from virtue great,

At fea a Neptune, Neftor in the flate; Alike in council and in fight renown'd, In action always, with fuccefs ftill crown'd;

A foldier, feaman, statesman,-here he lies; [more wife:

No heart more honeft, and no head Though brave, yet gentle; though fin[purfu'd.

name;

cere, not rude; Juftice in Camps, in Courts he truth Living, he rais'd a deathlefs, fpotlefs [fame. And, dying, foar'd above the reach of Reader, if Englifu, ttop the falling tear! [no fear: Grief fhould not wait on him who felt He wants not pity;--could his ashes fpeak, [marble break, Thefe generous founds would from the Go ferve thy country, while God spares thee breath;

Live, as I liv'd, and fo deferve my death. Hiftories of the Tete-a-Tete annexed; or, Memoirs of the Caledonian Orator, and the irrefiftible Mrs. S―ns.

THIS
HIS gentleman was brought up

at a certain northern university, where he made a great progress in his ftudies, and became a fhining ornament to that feminary of learning. Indeed he may be faid to have been overcharg ed with erudition, and, like another Addifon's Jack Lizard, itarting from the college, without a futficient knowledge of the world, to throw out his fyllogifms

and