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about, the king in displeasure ordered him to be dismissed. He afterward sided with the parliament against Charles, and was one of the committee for the sequestration of royalists. He has not the eloquence nor the trust-worthiness of Osborne, but he preserves some curious anecdotes. Many corrective and illustrative animadversions have been attached by the editor to the present republished text.

Weldon's Court of King Charles is less tibellous, and less rich in personal scandalous anecdote, than the preceding sketch of the court of James. Indeed, Charles was a more respectable man than his father; a higher tone of morality prevailed among his companions; and in Wentworth and Laud, he chose men of talents for his counsellors. His great error consisted in istening to a high-church party, which has always had opponents among the people of England; and which was especially offensive at that time among the puritans, who were the growing sect. All religionists, in proportion to their sincerity, must be impatient of the interference of government with creeds. The practice, so completely successful in Holland and Germany, of endowing two or more hostile sects out of the public income, had not yet occurred to the English magistrate as the likeliest method of allaying and reconciling animosity. It was still hoped to bring all within a common pale. Uniformity in reJigious opinion was the unailurable phoenix, for which refor mation professed to spread her nets: but that bird of paradise perches not among men.

With aukward anachronism, Weldon's Perfect Description of Scotland, the earliest of his tracts, is here printed after his Court of Charles. It is a satirical picture of North Britain, at the period of the accession of James to the British throne. It displays turns which Churchill might have envied, and which indeed are fitter for the hyperbolic character of poetry, than for sober prose: the author's style of writing is brilliant and humorous, more so than in the works of his old age.

The Scotish religion is thus satirized:

The scriptures, say they, speak of deacons and elders, but not a word of bishops. Their discourses are full of detraction; their ser. mons nothing but railing; and their conclusions nothing but heresies and treasons. For the religion they have, I confess they have it above reach, and, God willing, I will never reach for it,

They christen without the cross, marry without the ring, receive the sacrament without repentance, and bury without divine service; they keep no holy days, nor acknowledge any saint but S. Andrew, who, they say, got that honour by presenting Christ with an oaten cake after his forty days fast. They say likewise, that he that translated the Bible was the son of a maultster, because it speaks of a miracle done by barley loaves, whereas they swear they were oaten

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They use no prayer at all, for they say it is needless; God knows their minds without pratling, and what he doth, he loves to do it freely. Their sabbaths exercise is a preaching in the forenoon, and a persecuting in the afternoon; they go to church in the forenoon to hear the law, and to the crags and mountains in the afternoon to louse themselves.

They hold their noses if you talk of bear-beating, and stop their ears if you speak of a play. Fornication they hold but a pastime, wherein mans ability is approved, and womans fertility discovered, At adultery they shake their heads; theft they rail at; murder they wink at; and blasphemy they laugh at; they think it impossible to lose the way to heaven, if they can but leave Rome behind them.

To be opposite to the Pope is to be presently with God: to conclude, I am perswaded, that if God and his angels, at the last day, should come down in their whitest garments, they would run away, and cry, The children of the chappel are come again to torment us, us fly from the abomination of these boys, and hide ourselves in the mountains.'

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III. The next Tract is the Aulicus Coquinaria of Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester: whom Laud persecuted for dissenting from the canons of 1640; and whom the republicans persecuted for being a loyalist. Ruined, and reduced to great necessity, he gradually embraced the Roman Catholic faith, and died in that persuasion, in January 1655. This piece is not given as Goodman wrote it, but as Sanderson, who revised it for the press, has chosen to publish it. The many corrections which it contains, of Weldon's rash and partial assertions, make the perusal of it a duty: but the arts of authorship have not rendered it a pleasure.

IV. A fourth Tract is the Divine Catastrophe of the House of Stuart, by Sir Edward Peyton. He was bred at Bury, finished his education at Cambridge, was knighted at Whitehall in 1610, and served in parliament for Cambridgeshire from the 18th of James I. to the 3d of Charles I. The Duke of Buckingham deprived him of some local office, which occasioned his siding with parliament against Charles: but, during the civil war, he was repeatedly plundered by both parties. His first wife was Matilda, daughter of Robert Livesay; and by her he had two sons, of whom the younger was brought up to the church. He died in 1657: having published, five years before, the propitiatory offering to the rulers of the day which is here reprinted.

Some imputations are cast by Peyton (p. 399.) on the chastity of the wife of Charles I.; but, in general, we meet with more of declamation, or argument, than of historic fact in his diatribe. Numberless petty parallelisms with the events of the French re

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volution give some interest to the retrospection. We discover the same solicitude on the part of the leaders, justly or unjustly to impute adultery to the Queens of the reigning family, in order to destroy the prejudice of birth, and the sanctity of hereditary right. We observe the same vain-glorious boast that all Europe would imitate their conduct, and get up in their respective tongues the same tragedy: " It is probable", says Peyton, (p. 446.) "that the determination of God is to destroy all monarchy in christendom." We see the same jealousy of the metropolitan corporation (p. 429.) among the representatives of the people; and the same ultimate recurrence to the military despotism of the most fortunate General of the time, as the only defence left against total anarchy. The virtue of Cromwell, in not laying a train for hereditary power in his family, deserves regard.

V. The fifth and concluding Tract is the Court and Kitchen of Elizabeth, commonly called Joan Cromwell, the wife of the late usurper. It is stated that, on her arrival in London, (p. 485.) the middle sort of the religiously fanatic sent her Westphalian hams, neats' tongues, puncheons of brandy, tierces of French wine, runlets and bottles of sack, and all sorts of preserves and comfits, to save her the trouble of the town; the most of which gifts, being multiplied on her, she retailed by private hands, at as good a rate as the market would afford. Her public retinue was very slender, and as slenderly accoutred; no more, commonly, than one of her husband's house-boys running by her, with or without livery.' Her daughters, however, were otherwise vested and robed; and a constant expense was allowed in tire-women, perfumers;' &c. Each also had a maid and a valet to attend her; and by their array and deportment, their quality might have been conjectured. Mrs. Cromwell, says the author, very providentially kept two or three cows in St. James's park, and erected a new office of a dairy in Whitehall, and fell to the old trade of churning butter; nor were Oxford Kate's fine things half so famous among cavalier ladies, as my lady-protector's butter among the mushroom ladies of the republican court.' Next to this covy of milk-maids, she had another of spinsters and sowers, who were all of them minister's daughters, and sat the most part of the day in her privy chamber sowing and stitching.' She was once resolved to have made a small brewing-place, as not liking the city-brewing, but about that time a drink grew famous in London, being a very small ale of seven and six-pence a barrel, which was called Morning Dew, and came into request at court.' One day, as the Protector was private at dinner,' he called for a Seville orange to a loin of veal; which his wife checked,

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saying that oranges were oranges now, that crab-oranges cost. a groat, and she never intended to give it. As to suppers, they had none, (p. 505.) eggs and some slaps contenting Cromwell and her ladyship;-in lieu thereof, for the, family there was constantly boiled eight stone of beef early in the morning, the broth whereof, and all the scraps and reliques of dinner, were alternately given to the poor of St. Margaret's Westminster and St. Martin's in the fields, according to the churchwarden's roll of each parish, and that very orderly and without any crabble or noise.'

This compilation is on the whole a desirable book in an historical library. The annotations of the anonymous editor are not numerous, but they occur in the right place, and are critically accurate. We should have preferred the insertion of Osborne's entire works: he is a good prose-writer; and the Advice to his Son, which is omitted, pictures the tone of the age: we should also have preferred a strictly chronologic arrangement of Sir Anthony Weldon's Works, beginning with his Picture of Scotland; and, finally, we should have desired a continuance of the same-sized type. The Court of Joan Cromwell is given in smaller letter than the rest; and had this character been used throughout, it would have enabled the printer, at the same expence, to provide a more complete collection.

ART. VII. A Picturesque Voyage to India; by the way of China. By Thomas Daniell, R. A. and William Daniell, A. R. A. Large 4to. 121. Half-bound. Longman and Co. &c.

To European eyes, Oriental Scenery has a very marked and

peculiar character, arising not only from the plants which constitute the foliage of the landscape, but from the style of architecture which pervades the buildings. That the public are much indebted to the pencil of the Messrs. Daniells, for numerous beautiful views of interesting objects in this quarter of the globe, all persons who have frequented the Exhibitions at Somerset House must be ready gratefully to bear witness; and since fine paintings are beyond the reach of the great majority of amateurs of the arts, we are happy to inform them that these gentlemen have executed designs on a scale of expence which is adapted to the pockets of those who cannot purchase large pictures. Even a long series of richly tinted etchings, however, cannot be bought for a trifle; though the sum required for them bears a very small proportion to that which must be paid for similar representations on a grand scale in oil. In taking this opportunity of announcing A Picturesque Voyage

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to India by the Messrs. Daniells, we would offer them our best thanks for the high gratification which their productions have often afforded us; and though we may not be able to augment their fame, we shall at least have the satisfaction of paying some tribute to their pre-eminent genius and exertions, by which the romantic scenery and stupendous antiquities of India have been brought home to our contemplation. A small portion, indeed, of their labours is now before us: but the style of execution is extremely creditable to their taste, and is a fair specimen of the whole.

The volume, which exhibits fifty coloured etchings of views taken during a voyage to India and China, is introduced by a short preface, and contains also brief explanations subjoined to the plates. From the former we extract some remarks which will elucidate the objects of the work, and shew that the Messrs. Daniells are not less sensible as authors than ingenious as artists:

It was an honourable feature in the late century, that the pas sion for discovery, originally kindled by the thirst for gold, was exalted to higher and nobler aims than commercial speculations. Since this new era of civilization, a liberal spirit of curiosity has prompted undertakings to which avarice lent no incentive, and fortune annexed no reward; associations have been formed, not for piracy, but humanity science has had her adventurers, and philanthropy her achievements; the shores of Asia have been invaded by a race of students with no rapacity but for lettered relics; by naturalists, whose cruelty extends not to one human inhabitant; by philosophers, am bitious only for the extirpation of error, and the diffusion of truth. It remains for the artist to claim his part in these guiltless spoliations, and to transport to Europe the picturesque beauties of these favoured regions. The contemplation of oriental scenery is interesting to the philosophic eye, from the number of monuments, and other venerable objects which still exist in those ever celebrated countries, and which cast a gleam of traditionary light on the obscurity of departed ages, Happily for curiosity, these vestiges are often elucidated by the manners of the present inhabitants, who with unexampled fidelity have preserved their primitive customs unimpaired by time or conquest; and their domestic institutions still present the image of a remote and almost obsolete antiquity. There are other associations of sentiment, which in this country, must lend to oriental scenery peculiar attractions; a large part of Hindoostan is now annexed to the British empire; and it cannot but afford gratificas tion to our public feelings to become familiar with a country to which we are now attached by the ties of consanguinity and affection. There are, perhaps, few of us who have not been impelled by stronger motives than curiosity to trace the progress of an Indian voyage; and to acquire some local ideas of those distant regions which it has been the fortune of our friends or relatives to explore. To assist the imagination in this erratic flight is the object of the following

work

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