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-Some of this earth contains as much iron as to render it worth fmelting. Woodward.

* SMELTER. n. f. [from smelt.] One who melts ore. The fmelters come up to the affayers. Woodward.

SMELTING, part. n. f. in metallurgy, the fu fion or melting of the ores of metals, in order to feparate the metalline part from the earthy, ftony, and other parts. See METALLURGY, Part III. SMELTZ, a river of Pruflian Lithuania, which runs into the Curifch-Half, 2 miles S. of Memel. SMENUS, a river of Laconia, rising in mount, Tajegetus. Paul. 3. 24.

(1.) SMERDIS, the 2d fon of Cyrus the Great, and brother of Cambyfes, by whofe order he was privately murdered. See PERSIA, § 6.

(2.) SMERDIS, the name affumed by one of the Magi, who pretended to be the fon of Cyrus, and perfonating the above prince, reigned 8 months in Perfia; till he was detected and deposed by 7 of the nobility. See PERSIA, § 7.

SMEREWICK, a fea port of Ireland, in Cork; with a good harbour, of eafy accefs, with deep holding ground, but expofed to the N. and W. winds.

a vibratory motion; which action, being communicated hence to the common fenfory, occafions an idea of a fweet, or fetid, or four, or an aromatic, or a putrefied object, &c. The matter in animals, vegetables, foffils, &c. which chiefly affects the fenfe of fmelling, Boerhaave obferves, is that fubtile fubftance, inherent in their oily parts called Spirits: becaufe, when this is taken away from the most fragrant bodies, what remains has fcarce any smell at all; and this, poured on the moft inodorous bodies, gives them a fragrancy. Willis obferves, that brutes have generally the fenfe of fmelling in much greater perfection than man: by this alone they diftinguish the qualities of bodies, which could not otherwife be known hunt out their food at a great diftance, as hounds and birds of prey; or hid among other fubftances as ducks, &c. Man, having other means of judging of his food, &c. did not need fo much fagacity in his nofe; yet there are inftances even in man. In the Hiftoire des Antilles, negroes are mentioned who, by the smell alone, can diftinguifh between the footsteps of a Frenchman and a neThe fenfe of fmelling may be diminished gro. or deftroyed by difeafes; as by the moisture, drynefs, inflammation, or fuppuration of the olfactory membrane, the compreffion of the nerves which fupply it, or fome fault in the brain itfelf at their origin. It may be alfo injured by immoderate ufe of fnuff. When the nose abounds with moisture, fuch things as tend to take off irritation and coagulate the thin sharp ferum may be applied; as the oil of anife mixed with fine flour, camphor diffolved in the oil of almonds, &c. For moiftening the mucus when it is too dry, fome recommend fauff made of the leaves of marjoram, mixed with the oil of amber, marioram, and anifeed; or a fternutatory of calcined white vitriol, 12 gr. of which may be mixed with 2 oz. of marjoram water and filtrated. If there be an ulcer in the nofe, it ought to be dreffed with fome emollient ointment, to which, if the pain be very great, a little laudanum may be added. If it be a venereal ulcer, 12 grains of corrofive fublimate may be diffolved in a pint and a half of brandy, a table fpoonful of which may be taken twice a day. The ulcer ought likewife to be washed with it, and the fumes of cinnabar may be received up the noftrils. If there be reafon to fufpect that the nerves which fupply the organs of fmelling are inert, or want ftimulating, volatile falts, or ftrong fnuffs, and other things which occafion fneezing, may be applied to the nofe; the forehead may likewife be anointed with balfam of Peru, to which may be added a little oil of amber.

SMELNITZ, or SzoмOLNOK, a town of Hungary: 14 miles S. of Kapidorf. (1.) * SMELT. The preterite and participle pafl. of /mell.

A cudgel he had felt,

And far enough on this occafion smelt. King. (2.) * SMELT. 1 f. [fmeit, Saxon.] A small fea fith.-Of round fish there are brit, fprat, barn, fmelts. Care.

(3.) SMELT, in ichthylogy. See SALMO, N° 3. To SMELT. v. a. [falta, Iflandick; fmelten, Dutch. To melt ere fo as to extract the metal.

* To SMERK. v. a. [fmefcien, Saxon.] To fmile wantonly.-Certain gentlemen of the gown, whofe aukward, fpruce, prim fneering, and fmirk ing countenances have got good preferment by force of cringing. Swift.

* SMERKY, or SMIRK. adj. Nice; fmart jaunty.

Seeft, how bragg yon bullock bears, So fmirk, fo fmooth his pricked ears. Spenfer. SMERLACK, a river of Ireland, in Kerry, (1.) * SMERLING. n. f. [cobitis aculeatà.] A fish. Ainsworth.

(2.) SMERLING, or LOACHE. See COLITIS. SMES ALL, a river of England in Staffordshire. SMEW, in ornithology. See MERCUS, N° 1. SMICH, a river of Germany, in Suabia, which runs into the Danube; 3 m. W. of Sigmaringen.

* SMICKET. n. f. (Diminutive of fmock, Imoc ket, fmicket.] The under-garment of a won an. SMIDARY, a town of Bohemia, in Konigingratz; 3 miles N. of Biezow.

*To SMIGHT. For fmite.

As when a griffon, fezed of his prey, A dragon fierce encountruth in his flight, With hideous horror both together might. Fairy Queen. SMIHANJE, a town of Croatia, 40 miles E. of Bihacs.

The

SMILAX, ROUGH BINDWEED, in botany, a genus of plants belonging to the clafs of diacia, and order of hexandria; and in the natural fyftem ranging under the 11th order, Sarmentace.r. male calyx is hexaphyllous, and there is no corolla; the female calyx is alfo hexaphy!lous, without any coroil; there are three ftyles, a trilocular berry, and two feeds. There are 14 fpecies; viz. 1. SMILAX ASPERA; 2. BONA NOX; 3. CADUCA; 4. CHINENSIS; 5. EXCELSA; 6. HERBACEA: 7. LANCEOLATA; 8. LAURIFOLIA ; 9. PSEUDO-CHINENSIS 10. ROTUNDIFOLIA; II. SARSAPARIL

LA; 12. TAMNOIDES; 13. TETRAGONA; and, 14 ZEILANITA.

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SMI ( 73 ) (73 1. SMILAX CHINENSIS, the China, or oriental china root, has roundish prickly stalks and red berries, and is a native of China and Japan.

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Where the patients had been reduced by pain,
diforder, and mercury, I profcribed a decoction
of farfaparilla, and a table-fpoonful of the powder
of it twice a-day, with the greateft fuccefs, in the
See PHAR
moft deplorable cafes of lues, ill-cured yaws,
and ill difpofed fores or cancers."
MACY, Index.

* SMILE. n. f. [from the verb.] 1. A flight
contraction of the face; a look of pleafure, or
kindness: opposed to frown.

1. SMILAX PSEUDO-CHINENSIS, the Pfeudo-china, or seridental China root, has rounder smooth stalks and back berries, grows wild in Jamaica and Virginia, and bears the cold of our own climate. These roots have scarce any smell or taste: when fre, they are faid to be somewhat acrid, but as brought to us they discover, even when long chewed, any a flight un&tuofity in the mouth. B: iled is water, they impart a reddish colour, and a kind of rapid foftnefs: the decoction when infpiflated yed an unctuous, farinaceous, almost infipid mas. They give a gold yellow tincture to rectifed fpirit, but make no fentible alteration in its tat. On drawing off the spirit from the filtered liquor, there remains an orange-coloured extract, early as infipid as that obtained by water, but fcarcely in half its quantity. China root is faid to promote perfpiration and urine, and by its foft unctuoas quality to blunt acrimonious humours. It was firft introduced into Europe about 1535, as a specific against venereal diforders: the patient was kept warm, and a weak decoction of China root taken twice a day in bed to promote a fweat. 2. But whatever may be its effects in the warmer climate, it is in this of itself greatly infufficient. At prefent it is very rarely used, farsaparila being fuppofed more effectual. Profper Alpinus fays that this root is in great eftrem among the Egyptan women for procuring plumpnefs.

SMILAX SARSAPARILLA affords the SARSAPARILLA root, is the most valuable, and is well described in the London Medical Journal by the inpenicas Dr Wright of Edinburgh, who, during a long refidence in Jamaica, made botany his pecuar ftudy. "This fpecies (fays he) has items of the thickness of a man's finger; they are jointed, triangular, and befet with crooked fpines. The aves are alternate, smooth and fhining on the upper fide; on the other fide are three nerves or cofte, with fundry small crocked spines. The Sower is yellow, mixed with red. The fruit is a back berry, containing several brown feeds. Sarfaparilla delights in low moift grounds and near the banks of rivers. The roots run fuperficially under the furface of the ground. The gatherers have only to loosen the foil a little, and to draw In this out the long fibres with a wooden hook. Danner they proceed till the whole root is got out. It is then cleared of the mud, dried, and made into bundles. The fenfible qualities of faraparilla are mucilaginous and farinaceous, with a fight degree of acrimony. The latter, however,

flight as not to be perceived by many; and lam apt to believe that its medicinal powers may farly be afcribed to its demulcent and farinaceous qualities. Since the publication of Sir William Fordyce's paper on farfaparilla in the Medical Observations and Inquiries, Vol.I. farfaparilla bas been in more general ufe than formerly. Sir William ftems to think farfaparilla a specific in a flages of lues; but from an attentive and careful obfervation of its effects in fome thousands of cafes, 1 muft declare I could place no dependence on farfaparilla alon. But if mercury had been or was ufed with farfaparilla, a cure was foon effe&ed.

VOL. XXI. PART I

I frown upon him, yet he loves me fti!!.-Oh that your frowns would teach my smiles fuch kill.

No man marks the narrow space 'Twixt a prifon and a jmile.

Shak

Wottens

To these, that sober race of men, whole tives
Reigious titled them the fons of God,
Shall yield up all their virtue, all their fame
Ignoble, to the trains and to the flies
Of these fair atheists.

Sweet intercourfe

Milton.

Of looks and miles: for fmiles from reafon flow,

To brute denied, and are of love the food.

Gay or joyous appearance.

Milton.

1. To

The files of nature, and the charms of art. Addison. *To SMILE. v. h. [muglen, Dutch.1 contract the face with pleature; to exprefs kinda nefs, love, or gladnefs, by the countenance: con trary to frown-The goddef of the mountain failed upon her votaries. Tatier.

The filing infant in his hand fhall take, Pobé. The crefted bailifk and fpeckled thake. She fmil'd to fee the doughty hero fain. Pope. She fmiles, as William ne'er had mourn'd. 2. To exprefs flight contempt by the look.—Our king replied, which fome wih fmile at now. Camden.

Priora

Should fome more fober critick come abroad, If wrong, I fmile; if right, kifs the rod. Pope. 'Twas what I faid to Crags and Child, Who prais'd my modesty, aud f.nil”d. 3. To look gay or joyou..

4.

Let their heirs enrich their time
With failing plenty.

For fee the morn,
Her rofy progrefs fmiling.

All things fil'd,

Birds on the branches warbling.

Popes

Shak.

Shak.

Milton.

Impurpled with celestial roles smild. Milion.
The defart mild.

To be favourable; to be propitious.-

Then let me not let pafs

Occafion which now files.

Pope.

Milton.

Me all too mean for fuch a task I weet, Yet if the fov'reign lady deigns to fimile, I'd follow Horace with impetuous heat. Prior. * SMILINGLY. adv. [from fmiling. With a look of picafure.

H's flaw'd heart,

'Twixt two extremes of paffion, joy and grief, Burst smiling/g.

Shuk. -Carrades fopping him fmi'ingly, told him, we are not fo forward to lofe good company. Boyle. * To SMILT. 2. n. [corrupted from smelt, or

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melt.]

melt.—Having too much water, many corns will Jilt or have their pup turned into a fubítance like thick cream. Mortimer.

SMINTHEUS, a furname of Apolio, given him in Phrygia, for delivering the country from an innumerable fwaarm of rats: fron cunfan, rats. *To SMIRCH v. a. (from murk or murcky.] To cloud; to dufk; to foil.

I'd put myf-lt in poor and mean attire, And with a kind of umber fiirch my tace. Shak. -Like the fhaven Hercules in the fmirch worneaten tapestry. Shak.

To SMIRK. v. a. To look affe&udiy foft or kind.

Her grizzled locks affume a smirking grace. Young. SMIT. The participle paffive of fmite.-Smit with paffion for my country's praife. Tickel. (1.) * To SMITE. v. a. preterite fmote; participle paff. fit, fmitten. Smitan, Saxon; fmijten, Dutch.] 1. To ftrike; to reach with a

Blow.

So fweet a kifs the golden fun gives not As thy eye beams, when their freth rays have finate

The night of dew that on my cheeks down flows. Shuk. The fword of Satan with fteep force to smite, Defcending.

Mi ton. 2. To kill to deftroy.-The fervants of David had Smitten of Benjamin's men. 2 Sam. ii. 31. — God note him for his errour. 2 Sam. vi. 3. To afflict; to chaften. A fcriptural expreffion. —Let us not mistake God's goodness, nor imagine, hecaufe he fmites us, that we are forfaken by him. Wake. 4. To blatt.-And the flax and the barley was fmitten. Exodus. 5. 1o affect with any paffion.

Smit with the love of facred fong.
Satan fmitten with amazement fell.
See what the charms that fmite the

heart.

Milton. Milton. imple Pupe.

Smit with the love of fifter arts we came, And met congenial.

Pope.

(2.) * To SMITE. V. n. To ftrike; to collide. -The knees fmite together. Nahum,

* SMITER. n. f. [from fmite. He who fmites. -I gave my back to the fmiters. Ifa. 1. 6.

(1.) SMITH, Adam, LL D. the celebrated author of the Inquiry into the Nature and Caufes of the Wealth of Nations, was the only fon of Adam Smith, comptroller of the customs at Kirkaldy, and of Margaret Dougias, daughter of Mr Douglas of Strathenry. He was born at Kirkaly on the 5th Jane 1723, foon after the death of his father. His conftitution during his infancy was fickly, and required all the care of his furviving parent. When only three years old, he was carried by his mother to Strathenry on a vifit to his uncie Mr Douglas; and happening one day to be amufing himself alone at the door of the house, he was stolen by a party of thofe vagrants who in Scotland are called Tinkers, or GYPSIES. Luckily he was miffed immediately, and the vagrants Durfued and overtaken in L-file wood; and thus Dr Smith was preferved to reform the commer

cial policy of Europe. He received the rudiments of his education in the fchool of Kirkaldy, under David Milier, a teacher of eminence, whose name deferves to be recorded, on account of the great number of eminent men which that feminary pro duced under his direction. Dr Sinith, even while at school, attracted notice by his attachment to books, and by his extraordinary memory; while his friendly and generous difpofition fecured the affection of his fchool-fellows. He was fent in 1737 to the univerfity of Glafgow, where he re mained till 1740, when he went to Baliol college, Oxford, on Snell's foundation. His favourite pur fuits at the univerfity were mathematics and na tural philofophy. After his removal to Eugiand, he employed himself in tranflating, particularly from the Fench, to improve his itvle. He aifo studied the languages, of which, both ancient and modern, his knowledge was extenlive. After T years refidence at Oxford, he returned to Kirk.i dy, and lived two years with his mother. He had been defigned for the church of England; but duliking the ecclefiaftical profeffion, he refolved to limit his ambition to fome of thofe preferments to which literary attainments lead in Scotland. In 1748 he fixed his refidence in Edinburgh, and for three years read a courfe of lectures on rheto. ric and belles lettres under the patronage of Lord Kames. In 1751 he was clected profeffer of logic in the university of Glasgow, and in 1752 was removed to the profeffofhip of moral philofophy. In this fituation he remained 13 years, a period he confidered as the most useful part of his life. His lectures on moral philofophy were divided into 4 parts: The first contained natural theology; in which he confidered the proofs of the being and attributes of God, and thofe truths on which religion is founded: the 24 comprehended ethics, ftrictly fo called, and confifted chiefly of thofe doctrines which he afterwards published in his Theory of Moral Sentiments; in the 3d part he treated more at length of juftice; aud in the laft part he examined thofe political regulations which are founded upon expediency; and are calculated to increase the riches, power, and profperity of a state. In delivering his lectures, he trusted almost entirely to extemporary elocution: his manner was plain and unaffected, and he never failed to intereft his hearers. His reputation foon rofe very high, and many ftudents reforted to the univerfity merely upon his account. When his acquaintance with Mr Hume first commenced is uncertain, but it had ripened into friendship before 1752. In 1759 he pubinhed his Theory of Moral Sentiments; a work which defervedly extended his reputation; for, though several of its conclufions be il-founded, it must be allowed to be a fingular effort of invention, ingenuity, and fubtilty. It abounds everywhere with the pureft and moft elevated maxims on the practical conduct of life; and when the subject leads him to addrefs the imagination, the variety and felicity of his illuftrations, the richnefs and fluency of his eloquence, and the fkill with which he wins the attention and commands the paffions of his readers, leave him among our British moralifts withcut a rival. Towards the end of 1763, Dr Sath received an invitation from Mr Charles Townit &

to

SMI

(75

te accompany the Duke of Baccleugh on his travels; and the liberal terms, on which this propofil was made, induced him to refign his office at Galgow when he generouly returned to his pups the fees he had received from them. He jned the Duke of Buccleugh at London early in 164, and fet out with him for the continent in Mich. After a ftay of ten days at Paris, they proceded to Thouioufe, where they fixed their rebience for 18 months; whence they went by a pretty extensive route through the fouth of France to Geneva, where they paffed two months. A. but Chritmas 1765, they returned to Paris, and remained there till G&tober 1766. The fociety in which Dr Smith paffed these ten months by the recommendation of Mr Hume, were chiefly Turgot, Quefnai, Necker, D'Alembert, Helvetius, Marmonte, and Mad. Riccoboni; and fome of them be continued ever after to reckon among bis friends. In October 1766, the Duke of Buccleugh and the Dr returned to England. Dr Smith spent the next ten years of his life with his mother at Kirkally, occupied habitually in intenie Atudy, but unbending his mind at times in the company of fome of his old fchool-fellows, who ftil refided near the place of their birth. In 1176 he published his Inquiry into the Nature and Cafes of the Wealth of Nations; a book univerfaly known, and esteemed the most perf:& work which has yet appeared on the general principles flation. He spent the next two years in Lal, where he enjoyed the fociety of fome of the most eminent men of the age: but he removed to Edinburgh in 1778, in confequence of having been appointed, at the request of the duke of Buccleugh, one of the commiffioners of the cuf toms in Scotland. Here he spent the laft 12 years of his life in an affluence which was more than equal to all his wants. But his ftudies feemed entirely fulpended till the infirmities of old age reminded him that it was now too late. The principal materiais of the works which he had announced had long been collected, and little probably was wanting but a few years of health and retirement to complete them. The death of his mother, who had accompanied him to Edinburgh in 1984, together with that of his coufin Mifs Douglas in 1788, contributed to fruftrate thefe projects. They had been the objects of his affection for more than 60 years, and in their Society he had enjoyed from his infancy all that he ever knew of the endearments of a family. He was now alone and helpless; and though he bore his Jols with equanimity, and regained apparently his former cheerfulness, yet his health and ftrength gradually declined till July 1790, when he died. He left a few effays, which have fince been pubnhed, but burnt all the reft of his MSS. before he died. To his private worth, the moft certain of all teftimonies may be found in that confidence, refpect, and attachment, which followed him through all the various relations of life. He was habitually abfent in converfation. He was rarely known to start a new topic himself, or to appear unprepared upon thofe that were introduced by others. When warmed with converfation, his getures were animated, and not ungraceful; and

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SMI

in the fociety of those he loved, his features were
often brightened by a smile of inexpreffibie benig
nity.

(2.) SMITH, Edmund, a diftinguished English
poet, the only fon of Mr Neale, an eminent mer.
chant, by a daughter of baron Lechmere, was
born in 1668. By his father's death he was left
young to the care of Mr Smith, who had married
his father's after, and who treated hun with fo
much tendernels, that at his death he took his
name. His writings are fcattered in mifcellanies
and collections; his celebrated tragedy of Phadra
and Hippolitus was acted in 1707; and being in-
troduced at a time when the Italian opera fo much
engroffed the polite world, gave Mr Addison,
who wrote the prologue, an opportunity to rally
the vitiated taste of the public. However, it is
perhaps rather a fine poem, than a good play.
This tragedy, with a Poem to the memory of Mr
John Phimps, 3 or 4 Odes, with a Latin oration
fpoken at Oxford in laudem Thoma Bogle, were
pubiifhed as his works by his friend Mr Oldif-
worth. Mr Smith died in 1710, funk into indo-
lence and intemperance by poverty and difap-
pointments; the hard fate of many a man of ge-

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(3.) SMITH, Hugh, M D. a celebrated English phyfician, fon of Mr Smith, an eminent furgeon at Hemel Hempstead. After ferving an apprentice thip with his father, he went to Edinburgh, attended the university there, and graduated with much reputation. He then went to London, where, in 1759, he published An Essay on the Blood, with Reflections on Venasedion. In 1760, he began a courfe of Lectures on the Theory and Practice of Phyfic, which were attended by great Within 3 years his numbers of phyficians, furgeons, apothecaries, and ftudents of medicine. lectures acquired him fuch fame, that the pupils of St George's Hofpital, &c. invited him to deliver his Lectures at the W. end of the city; which he did, and was numerously attended for many years. He alfo publifhed his text book, which met with a very extenfive fare. About 1765, Dr Smith was unanimously chofen phyfician to the Middlefex Hofpital, in which office he continued feveral years, highly efteemed by his colleagues. In 1770, he was elected alderman of Tower Ward, London, but his numerous profeffional engage ments obliged him to refign that honourable of fice two years after. In 1780, he purchased an elegant houfe at Streatham, where he hoped to enjoy retirement; but this was a vain hope for a man of his abilities among the nobility and gentry of Surry. At length the death of his fon, affecting his fpirits, made him retire to Stratford; where he died 26th Dec. 1790.

(4.) SMITH, John, M. A. a learned English divine, born at Abchurch, in Northamptonshire, and educated at Cambridge, where he graduated in 1640. He published his Selec Discourses in 4to in 1660, and died in 1672, aged 54.

(5, 6.) SMITH, John, D. D, an eminent English divine, born at Lowther, in Weftmoreland, in 1659, where his father was rector, and gave him the rudiments of his education. His father muft have been a man of liberal fentiments, for he put

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young

young John first under the tuition of Christophering on Aristotle de Republica in Greek. At first Nffe, a Prefbyterian diffenter, and next under he dropped a word or two at intervals in the new that of Thomas Lawfon, a quaker, who was an pronunciation. No notice was taken of this for excelent teacher of the dead languages. In 1674, Tome days; but as he continued, his audience he was admitted of St. John's College, Cambridge; began to wonder at the unusual founds, and at laft and in 1686, attended Lord Lanfdown as chaps fome of his friends spoke of them to him. He dif lain, in his ebaffy to Spain. On his return a covered his project, and great numbers foon rebout 1692, he became chaplain to Bp. Crew of forted to him for information. The new proDurham, who, in 1695, made him rector of Gatef- nunciation was adopted with enthusiafin, and foon head, and a prebendary of Durham. In 1696, he became univerfal at Cambridge. It was oppofed graduated D. D. He was next made rector of by Bp. Gardiner the chancel.or; but its fuperioBishop's Wearmouth. He was deeply versed in rity was fo evident, that in a few years it spread Northern literature and antiquities; and the ad- over all Engiand. In 1539 he trave led, and ftumirers of the venerable BEDE are indebted to him died in France and Italy. On his return he was for an elegant edition of that ancient hiftorian, made regius profeffor of civil law at Cambridge. whofe works he was engaged in preparing for the About this time he published a treatise on the prefs, when he died at Cambridge, in 1715: but mode of pronouncing English. He allo promoted. the work was finished according to his directions, the reformation. Having gone into the family of by his fon George Sinith, Efq. of the Inner Tem. the duke of Somerfet, the protector during the ple, in 1722, to whom he left a large fortune, minority of Edward VI. he was employed in pubwhich he had obtained by his wife: Four of the lie affairs; and in 1548 was made secretary of Dr's fermons were alfo publifhed. fate, and knighted. He was then fent ambaffador to Bruffels and France. Upon Mary's acces fion, he loft all his places, but having preferved the friendship of Gardiner and Bonner, he was not only exempted from perfecution, but allowed a pension of real. During Elizabeth's reign he was employed in public affairs, and was fent thrice as her ambaffador to France. He died at Mouathall, in Effex, in 1577. His abilities were excellent, and his attainments uncommonly great: He was a philofopher, physician, chemist, mathe matician, linguift, hiftorian, and architect. He wrote, 1. The English Commonwealth. 2. A let. ter De Re&ta et Emendata Linguæ Græcæ Pronunci. atione. 3. De Moribus Turcarum. 4. De Druidum Moribus.

(7.) SMITH, John, an excellent mezzotinto engraver, who flourished about 1700. He united foftnefs with ftrength, and finished with freedom. lie ferved with one Tilet, a painter in Moorfields; and learned from Becket the fecret of mezzotinto, and being farther inftructed by Van der Vaart, was taken to work in Sir Godfrey Kneller's houfe. "To pofterity perhaps his prim's (fays Mr Walpole) will carry an idea of fome. thing burlefque; perukes of an enormous length flowing over fuits of armour, compofe wonderful habits. Smith exhibited both, as he found them in the portraits of Kneller. In the Kit-cat club he has poured full bottoms chiefly over nightgowns. Snith compofed two large volumes, with proofs of his own plates, for which he asked sol. His fineft works are duke Schomberg on horfe back; that duke's fon Maynhard; the earls of Pembroke, Dorfet, and Albemarle; three plates of children; William Cowper; Gibbons and his wife; Anne; the duke of Gloucefter, a whole length; Queen Mary, in a high head, fan, and gloves; the earl of Godolphin; the duchefs of Ormond, a whole length, with a black; Sir George Rooke, &c. There is a print by him of James II. with an anchor, but no infeription; which not being finished when the king went away, is fo fear ce that it is fometimes fold for a5 e a guinea. Smith alfo performed many hiftoric pieces; as the loves of the gods, from Titian, at Blenheim, in ten plates; the holy family with angels, after C. Maratti," &c.

(8.) SMITH, Sir Thomas, was born at Walden, in Effex, in 1512. At 14 he was fent to Queen's College, Cambridge, where he diftinguished himfeif fo much, that he was made Henry VIII's fcholar together with John Cheke. He was chofen a fellow of his college in 1531, and in 1533, appointed to read the public Greek lecture. The common mode of reading Greek at that time was very faulty; the fame found being given to the letters and diphthongs,,, u, u,, . He and Cheke were fenfible that this pronunciation was wrong: and after a good deal of confultation, they agreed to introduce that mode of reading which prevails at prefent. Mr Smith was lectur

(9.) SMITH, Thomas, D. D. an eminently learn. ed English divine, born in London, in 1638, and admitted of Queen's College, Oxford, in 1657. In 1663, he was made mafter of a tree fchool near Magdalen College; and, in 1666, was elected a fellow, being now famed for his skill in the ori enta! languages. In June 1668, he went as chan lain to Sir Daniel Harvey, ambaflador to Conftantinople, and returned thence in 1671. In 1676, he travelled into France, and on his return became chaplain to Sir Jofeph Williamfon, Secreta ry of State. In 1679, it was proposed that he fhould collate and translate the Alexandrian Ma nufcript of the Bible, (See SEPTUAGINT,) and Charles II. promited him a benefice for it; but this excellent defign was never executed. His reputation was high among the learned. In 1683, he graduated. In 1687, he was made prebendary of Heyghbury, Wits. In August 1688, he was deprived of his fellowthip by Dr Giffard, the popith prefident, but restored in October; yet afterwards he loft it, doon refufing to take the oaths to William and Mary. He died at London, May 11, 1710. He pubished 4 letters in Latin, which he tranflated afterwards, entitled, 1. Remarks on the Manners, Religion, and Government of the Turks; 8vo. 1678. 2. An Account of the Greek Church; Eng. and Lat. 8vo. 1680. 3. A Life of Camden: Lat. 4to. 1691. 4. Vita quorundam Eruditiffimorum et illuftrium Virorum; 4to. 1707; with many other learned tracts.

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