from refe nbling torches, were rather like the fhrivelled elevations upon a died apple, extended in length, and most of them joined together making waves or waving lines. The taculæ being eleva tions, very fatisfactorily explains the reason why they difappear towards the middle of the fun, and reappear on the other margin; for about the place where we lofe them, they begin to be edgewife to our view; and if between the faculæ fhound lie dark spots, they will noft frequently break out in the middle of the fun, because they are no longer covered by the fide-views of thefe facule. The Doctor gives a very particu ar account of all his obfervations, which ieem to have been accurately made, and we need searcely add with excellent telescopes. For that account, however, we muft refer to the memoir itself, and haften to lay before our readers the refult of his obfervations.

val of the hiring fluid, which permits us to fee the globe of the fun. As to the uncommon appearance of the broadeft margin being on that fide of the spot which was farthelt from the limb when the fpot came near the edge of it, we may fur. mife that the fun has inequalities on its furface, which may poflibly be the cause of it. For when mountainous countries are expofed, if it thould chance that the highest parts of the landicape are fituated fo as to be near that fide of the margin or penumbra of the fpot which is towards the himb, they may partly intercept our view of it when the spot is feen very obliquely. This would require elevations at least 500 or 600 miles logh; but confidering the great attraction exerted by the fun upon bodies at its furface, and the flow revolution it has upon its axis, we may readily admit inequalities to that amount. From the centrifugal force at the fin's equator, and the weight of bodies at its furface, he computes, that the power of throwing down a mountain by the exertion of the former, balanced by the fuperior force of keeping it in its place of the latter, is Dear 6 times lefs on the fun than on our equatorial regions; and as an elevation similar to one of three miles on the earth would not be less than 334 miles on the fun, there can be no doubt but that a mountain much higher would ftand very firmly. The little denfity of the foiar body feems allo to be in favour of the height of its mountains; for, cæteris paribus, dente bodies will fooner come to their level than rare ones. The difference in the vanishing of the theiving file, inftead of explaining it by mountains, may allo, and perhaps more fatisfactorily, be accounted for from the real difference of the extent, the arrangement, the height, and the intensity of the fhining fluid, addea to the occafional changes that may happen in these particulars during the time in which the fpot approaches to the edge of the difk. However, by admitting large mountains on the face of the fun, we thall account for the different opinions of two eminent aftronomers; one of whom believed the fpots depreiled below the furface of the fun, while the other believed them elevated above it. For it is not impoflible that fome of the folar mountains may be high enough occasionally to project above the thiring elaftic fluid, when, by fome agitation or other caufe, it is not of the ufual height: and this opinion is much strengthened by the return of fome remarkable fpots which ferved Caffini to afcertain the period of the fun's rotation. A very high country, or chain of mountains, may oftener become visible, by the removal of the obftructing fluid, than the lower regions, on account of its not being fo deeply covered with it. In 1791 the Doctor examined a large fpot on the fun, and found it evidently depreffed below the level of the furface. In 1792 he examined the fun with feveral powers from 90 to 500, when it appeared evidently, that the black ipots are the opaque ground, or body of the fun; and that the luminous part is an atmosphere, which, being interrupted or broken, gives us a tranfient glimpse of the fun itself. He perceived likewife, that the thining furface of the fun is unequal, many parts of it being elevated and others depreffed; and that the elevations, to which Hevelius gave the name of facule, to far

(4.) SUN, DR HERSCHEL'S HYPOTHESIS RESPECTING THE LIGHT AND HEAT OF THE, AND OF THE STARS. "That the fun (tays he) has a very extentive atmosphere, cannot be doubted; and that this atmosphere contits of various claftic 'fluids, that are more or lefs lucid and transparent, and of which the lucid one is that which furnishes us with light, feems alfo to be fully established by all the phenomena of its spots, of the faculæ, and of the lucid furface itfelf. There is no kind of variety in theie appearances but what may be accounted for with the greateft facility, from the continual agitation which, we may eafily conceive, muft take place in the regions of fuch extentive elaftic fluids. It will be neceffary, however, to be a little more particular as to the manner in which I fuppofe the lucid fluid of the fun to be generated in its atmosphere. An analogy that may be drawn from the generation of clouds in our own atmosphere, feems to be a very proper one, and full of inftruction. Our clouds are probably decompofitions of fome of the elaftic fluids of the atmosphere itself, when fuch natural caufes, as in this grand chemical laboratory are generally at work, act upon them: we may therefore admit, that in the very extenfive atmosphere of the fun, from caufes of the fame nature, fimnilar phenomena will take place; but with this dif ference, that the continual and very extenfive decompofitions of the elaftic fluids of the fun are of a phosphoric nature, and attended with lucid appearances, by giving out light. If it should be objected, that fuch violent and unremitting decompositions would exhaust the fun, we may recur again to our analogy, which will furnith us with the following reflections. The extent of our own atmosphere, we fee, is ftill preferved, notwithstanding the copious decompofitions of its fluids in clouds and falling rain; in flashes of lightning, in tneteors, and other lumii ous phenomen; because there are freth fupplics of elaftic vapours continually afcending to make good the waite occafioned by thofe decompofitions. But it may be urged, that the cafe with the decompo fition of the claftic fluids in the folar atmosphere would be very different, fince light is emitted, and does not return to the fun, as clouds do to the earth when they defcend in fhowers of rain, To which I anfwer, that, in the decompofition of phosphoric fluids, every other ingredient but

parent intensity, when viewed at the diffence of the fun, might not be much inferior to that on the lucid folar fluid. From the luminous atm 1phere of the fun, he proceeds to its opaq e tody; which, by calculation from the power a nas erts upon the planets, we know to be of great.» lidity; and from the phenomena of the dark spots, many of which, probably on account of thei high fituations, have been repeatedly feen, otherwife denote inequalities in their level, we furmife that its furface is diversified with mo. ? tains and valleys. What has been laid, erables Jo to come to fome very important conclufions, t, remarking, that this way of confidering the fun its atmosphere removes the great diffimilarity w have hitherto been used to find between its conc tion and that of the reft of the great bodies of the lar fyftem. The fun, viewed thus, appears to be i thing elfe than a very eminent, large, and iucid planet, evidently the firit, or, in ftrictuels of iperking, the only primary one of our fyftem, all caters being truly fecondary to it. Its fimilarity to the other globes of the folar fyftem with regard to its folidity, its atmosphere, and its diverfificu furface, the rotation upon its axis, and the fail of beavy bodies, leads us on to fuppofe that it is mul probably alfo inhabited, like the reft of the panets, by beings whofe organs are adapted to the pecu liar circumstances of that vaft globe. It may, however, not be amifs to remove a certain diff culty, which arifes from the effect of the fun's rays upon our globe. The heat which is here, at the distance of 95 millions of miles, produced by thefe rays, is fo confiderable, that it may be ob jected, that the furface of the globe of the fun it felf must be fcorched up beyond all conception. This may be very fubftantially afwerd by many procfs drawn from natural philofophy, which thew that heat is produced by the fen's rays only when they act upon a calorific aedium; they are the caufe of the production of heat, by uniting with the matter of fire which is contained in the fubftances that are heated; as the collifion of flint and steel will inflame a magazine of gunpowder, by putting all the latent fire it contains into action. But an inftance or two of the manner in which the folar rays produce their effect, will bring this home to our moft common experience. On the tops of mountains of a fufficient height, at an al titude where clouds can very feldom reach to thelter them from the direct rays of the fun, we always find regions of ice and fnow. Now, if the folar rays themselves conveyed all the heat we find on this globe, it ought to be hottest where their courfe is leaft interrupted. Again, our aeronauts all confirm the coldnets of the upper regions of the atmosphere; and fince, therefore, even on our earth, the heat of any fituation depends upon the aptnefs of the medium to yield to the impre fion of the folar rays, we have only to admit, that on the fun itfelf, the elaftic fluids compofing its atmosphere, and the matter on its furface, are of fuch a nature as not to be capable of any exceffive affection from its own rays: and indeed this feems to be proved by the copious emiffion of them; for if the elaftic fluids of the atmosphere, or the matter contained on the surface of the fun, were of fuch a nature as to admit of an eafy chemical

Light may alfo return to the body of the fun. And that the emiflion of light muft wafte the fun, is not a difficulty that can be oppofed to our hypothefis: for as it is an evident fact that the fun does emit light, the fame objection, if it could be one, would equally militate against every other affign. able way to account for the phenomenon. There are, moreover, confiderations that may leffen the preffure of this alleged difficulty. We know the exceeding fubtilty of light to be fuch, that in ages of time its emanation from the fun cannot very fenfibly leffen the fize of this great body. To this may be added, that very poñibly there may always be ways of restoration to compenfate for what is loft by the emiffion of light, though the manner in which this can be brought about should not appear to us. Many of the operations of Nature are carried on in her great laboratory which we cannot comprehend, but now and then we fee some of the tools with which the is at work. We need not wonder that their conftruction should be fo fingular as to induce us to confefs our ignorance of the method of employing them; but we may reft affured that they are not a mere lusus naturæ Here he alludes to the great number of fmall telefcopic comets; which he fuppofes, as others bad done before him, may be employed to restore to the fun what had been loft by the emiflion of light. "My hypothefis, however, (continues he) does not lay me under any obligation to explain how the fun an fuftain the waste of light, nor to fhew that it will fuftain it for ever; and I fhould alfo remark that, as in the analogy of generating clouds, I merely allude to their production as owing to a decompofition of fome of the claftic fluids of our atmosphere, that analogy, which firmly refts upon the fact, will not be lefs to my purpose, to whatever caufe thefe clouds may owe their origin. It is the fame with the lucid clouds, if I may fo call them, of the fun. They plainly exift, because we see them; the manner of their being generated may remain an hypothefis-and mine, tili a better can be propofed, may ftand good; but whether it does or not, the confequences I am going to draw from what has been faid will not be affected by it." Before he proceeds to draw these confequences, he informs us that, according to the above theory, a dark spot in the fun is a place in its atmosphere, which happens to be free from luminous decompofitions; that faculæ are, on the contrary, more copious mixtures of fuch fluids as decompofe each other; and that the regions, in which the luminous folar clouds are formed, adding thereto the elevation of the faculæ, cannot be less than 1843, nor much more than 2765 miles in depth. It is true, continues he, that in our atmosphere the extent of the clouds is limited to a very narrow compafs; but we ought rather to compare the folar ones to the luminous decompofitions which take place in our aurora borealis, or luminous arches, which extend much farther than the cloudy regions. The density of the luminous folar clouds, though very great, may not be exceedingly more fo than that of our aurora borealis. For if we confider what would be the brilliancy of a space 2 or 3000 miles drep, filled with fuch corrufcations as we fee now and then in our atmosphere, their ap.

combination

combination with its rays, their emiffion would be much impeded. Our author then proceeds to fupport his theory by analogicat reafonings; but as thefe will occur to fuch of our readers as are converfant with the fpeculations of aftronomers, we país on to his reflections upon the confequences of this theory. That the STARS are SUNS can hardly admit of a doubt. Their immenfe distance would perfectly exclude them from our view, if the light they send us were not of the folar kind. Befides, the analogy may be traced much farther. The fun turns on its axis; fo does the ftar Algol; fo do the stars called & Lyræ, & Cephei, Antino, Ceti, and many more; moft probably all. From what other caufe can we fo probably account for their periodical changes? Again, our fun has fpots on its furface; fo has the ftar Algol, and fo have the ftars already named, and probably every star in the heavens. On our fun thefe fpots are changeable; fo they are on the ftar. Ceti, as evidently appears from the regularity of its changeable luftre, which is often broken in upon by accidental changes while the geseral period continues unaltered. The fame little deviations have been obferved in other periodical stars, and ought to be afcribed to the fame caufe. But if stars are funs, and funs are inhabitable, we fee at once what an extenfive field for animation opens itself to our view. It is true, that analogy may induce us to conclude, that fince ftars appear to be funs, and funs, according to the common opinion, are bodies that ferve to enlighten, warm, and sustain a fyftem of planets, we may have an idea of numberless globes that ferve for the habitation of living creatures. But if these funs themfelves are primary planets, we may fee fome thousands of them with our own eyes, and millions by the help of telescopes, when at the fame time the fame analogical reafoning ftill remains in full force with regard to the pianets which thefe funs may fupport." The Doctor then obferves, that from other confiderations, the idea of funs or stars being merely the fupporters of fyftems of planets, is not abfolutely to be admitted as a general one. "Among the great number of very compreffed clusters of ftars I have given (fays he) in my catalogues, there are fome which open a different view of the heavens to us. The ftars in them are fo very clofe together, that, notwithstanding the great diftance at which we may suppose the clufter itself to be, it will hardly be poible to affign any fufficient mutual distance to the ftars compofing the clufter, to leave room for crowding in thefe planets, for whofe fupport thefe ftars have been, or might be, fuppofed to exift. It should feem, therefore, highly probable, that they exift for themfelves; and are, in fact, only very capital, lucid, primary planets, connected together in one great fyftem of mutual fupport. The fame remark may be made with regard to the number of very clofe double stars, whofe apparent diameters being alike, and not very finall, do not indicate any very great mutual diftance: from which, however, must be deducted all thofe where the different diftances may be compenfated by the real difference in their respective magnitudes. To what has been faid may

be added, that, in fome parts of the milky way, where yet the ftars are not very fmall, they are fo crowded, that in 1792, Aug. 22, I found by the gauges that, in 41 minutes of time, no less than 258,000 of them had paffed through the field of view of my telescope. It feems, therefore, upon the whole, not improbable, that in many cafes ftars are united in fuch clofe fyftems as not to leave much room for the orbits of planets or comets; and that confequently, upon this account alfo, many ftars, unless we would make them mere ufelefs brilliant points, may themselves be lucid planets, perhaps unattended by fatellites." What a magnificent idea does this theory give of the univerfe, and of the goodnefs, as well as power, of its Author? And how cold muft be that heart, and clouded that understanding, who, after the contemplation of it, can for one moment liften to the atheistical doctrines of thofe men who prefume to account for all the phenomena of nature by chemical affinities and mechanical attraction? The man who, even in his heart, can fay, that fuch an immenfe fyftem, differing fo widely in the structure of the different parts of it, but everywhere crowded with life, is the effect of unintelligent agency, is indeed, to use the emphatic language of an ancient aftronomer-a fool.

(5.) SUN, in the mythology. See APOLLO, BAAL, BELTAN, DELOS, DELPHI, MITHRAS, MYSTERIES, 14, 15; OSIRIS, PHOEBUS, POLYTHEISM, p. 119, 120, 123; PYTHIA, and SURYA. (6.) SUN, MOCK. See PARHELION.

to

Perf.

*To SUN. v. a. [from the noun.] To infolate; expofe to the fun; to warm in the fun.Mammon earft did sun his treasury. Spenser. What aim'ft thou at? delicious fare; And then to fun thyfelf in open air. (1.) SUNAPEE, or SUNNAPEE, a lake of New Hampshire, in Hillsborough county, 9 miles long, and 3 broad. Its waters run by SUGAR RIVER, 14 miles W. and fail into the Connecticut at Ciermont.

(2.) SUNAPEE, a mountain of New Hampshire, at the S. end of the above lake.

(3.) SUNAPEE, or SUNNAPEE, a lake of Vermont, 24 miles NW. of Concord. Cruttwell.

(1.) SUNART, a district of Scotland, in Argylfhire, in the parish of Ardnamurchan, on the coaft of the lake, (N° 2.) containing numerous veins of lead, which, however, are not very productive.

(2.) SUNART, LOCH, a navigable lake, or rather arm of the fea, which feparates the counties of Argyll and Inverness, and the file of Mull from the district of Morven. It is about 20 miles long, and from 1 to 2 miles broad.

* SUNBEAM. #. f. [fun and beam.] Ray of the fun.

The Roman eagle, wing'd
From the fpungy South to this part of the Weft,
Vanish'd in the funbeams.
Shak.

Gliding thro' the ev'n
On a funbeam.

Milton.

There was a God, and this was a truth wrote with a funbeam, legible to all mankind. South.

SUNBEAT. part. adj. [jun and beat] Shone on fircely by the fun.

Its

(2.) SUNDA ISLANDS, a general name for a 'clutter of islands in the Indian Ocean, between gr and 125° of E. lon, and between 8° N. and 8° S. lat. The particular names of the islands are BORNEO, SUMATRA, JAVA, Balls, Banca, &c.

Its length runs level with th' Atlantic main, And wearies fruitful Nius to convey His funbeat waters by to long a way. Dryden. SUNBIGHT. adj. [ fun and bright.] Retembling the fun in brightness.

With his uneven wings did fiercely fall Upon his funbright shield.

Spenfer.

Now would I have thee to be my tutor, To be regarded in her funbright eye. Shak. Th' apoftate in his junbright chariot fat, Idol of majesty divine! Milton. SUNBURNING, n. f. [fun and burning.] The effect of the fun upon the face.--If thou can't love a fellow of this temper, Kate, whofe face is not worth funburning, kt thine eye be thy cook. Shak.-The heat of the fun may darken the colour of the skin, which we call funburning.

SUNBURNT. part. adj. { fun and burnt.] Tanned; difcoloured by the fun.

No wonder if her cheeks be grown Sunburnt with luftre of her own.

1.

Cleavel. Sunburnt and fwartby tho' the be. Dryd. -One of them, older and more funburnt than the reft, toid him he had a widow. Adddijon. 2. Scorched by the fun.-

How many nations of the funburnt foil, Does Niger biefs?

Blackmore. (1.) SUNBURY, a small town of Eug and, in Middlefex, on the banks of the Thames, between Shepperton and Hampton-Court; containing feveral handfome buildings: 17 miles WSW: of London.

(2.) SUNBURY, a county of N. America, in the British province of New Brunswick; feated on the St John, at the head of the bay of Fundy. It contains 8 townships; viz. Conway, Gage-town, Burton, Sunbury, St Anne's, Wilmot, Newton, and Maugerville. The ground is level and fertile, abounding with wood.

(3.) SUNBURY, a township in the above county. (4.) SUNBURY, or SUNXURT, a fea-port of the United States, in Georgia, in Liberty county, with a fafe and fpacious harbour, at the head of St Catharine's Sound, between Medway and Newport rivers. It was burnt by the British during the American war, but has been fince rebuilt. It is in a very healthy fituation, and has an academy, inftituted in 1788. It is 15 miles S. of the Great Ogeechee, and 40 S. of Savannah. Lon, 81. 28. W. Lat. 31. 44. N.

(5.) SUNBURY, a city of Pennfylvania, the caital of Northumberland county, erected on the fite of Fort Augufta, on the E. bank of the Sufquehannah, a mile below the junction of the E. and W. head-waters. It is regularly built; has a court-house, and a Prefbyterian and German Lutheran churches. It is 2 miles S. of Northumberland, and 130 NW. by W. of Philadelphia. Lon. 76. 50. W. Lat. 40. 52. N.

SUNCHEULI, a mountain of S. America, in Buenos Ayres, in LARICAXAS; which has a rich gold mine.

SUNCLAD. part. adj. [fun and clad.] Clothed in radiance, bright.

SUND, a town of Sweden in Warmeland: 16 miles N. of Carlstadt.

(1.) SUNDA, or SUNDAY, a town of Perfia, in Segeftan: 66 miles S. of Kin.

(3.) SUNDA, STRAITS OF, are formed by the approach of the SE. extremity of the land of SUMATRA to the NW. extremity of the island of JAVA. (See these islands.) The ftraits are interfperfed with a number of finali ifles; the whole difplaying a scenery fcarcely to be exceeded +4 the softness, richnefs, and gaiety of its appearance. The two great islands, which are low, and in fome places marthy near the shore, rife afterwards, in a gradual slope, towards the interior of the country, admitting in their afcent every va riety of fituation, and all the different tints of verdure. Of the fmaller iflands, a few have steep and naked tides, fuch as one in the middle of the ftrait, which the English navigators have diftie quithed, on that account, by the name of THWART-THE-WAY, and two very small round; ones, cailed, from their figures, the CAP and BUTTON ISLANDS; but most of the others are entirely level, founded upon beds of coral, and covered with trees. Some of these islands are furrounded with a white fandy beach, vifited fr quently by turtle; but most of them are adorned with thick fhrubbery to the water's edge, the roots bang washed by the fea, or the branches dipping into it; and on the outfide are thoats, in which a multitude of little aquatic animals are bufied in framing calcareous habitations for their refidence and protection. Thofe fabrics graduaily emerge above the furface of the water, and at length, by the adventitious adhesion of vegetable matter, giving birth to plants and trees, becom new iflands, or add to the fize of those already produced by the fame mears. It is impoflible not to be ftruck with the diverfified operations of nture for obtaining the same end, whether employ. ed in originally fixing the granite foundation of the Brazils, or in throwing up, by fome fuddes and fubfequent convulfions, the ifland of Amfterdam, or in continuing to this hour, through the means of animated beings, the formation of new lands in the Straits of Sunda.—Sir George Staun ton's Account of the British Embassy to China.

SUNDAEV, a fort of Ruflia, on the Ural: 60 miles S. of Uralfk.

SUNDAL, a town of Norway, in Drontheim, on the Dreva: 66 miles SSW. of Drontheim.

(1.) * SUNDAY. n. f. { jun and day.] The day anciently dedicated to the fun; the first day of the week; the Chriftian fabbath.-Wear the print of it, and figh away Sundays. Shak.-She would be as fair on Friday as Helen is on Sunday. Shak

At prime they enter❜d on the Sunday morn.

Dryde

Join night to day, and Sunday to the week.

Young.

(2.) SUNDAY, or the LORD'S-DAY, is a folem festival obferved by Chriftians on the firft day of every week, in memory of our Saviour's refurrec tion. See SABBATH, 7, 8. In the breviary and other offices, we meet with Sundays of the fir and ad class. Those of the fir.t clafs are, Palst Eafter, Advent, and Whitfunday, thofe of Quo

to curs.

Delta, without putting to fea. Quantities of falt equal to the demand of all Bengal is made and exported. Wood for fhip-building is also abundant.

SUNDERBURG, a town of Denmark, in the inland of Alfen, with a caftle; feated on a ftrait to named; 12 miles E. of Fiendiburg. Lon. ic. c. E. Lat. 54. 51. N.

SUNDERDOO, or MELUNDY, a fortified land and fea-port of Ilundooftan, on the W. coaft of Corcan. It was taken in 1756, by Commodore James. It is 10 miles NE. by E. of Vingoria, and 36 NNW. of Goa. Lon. 73. 20. Lat. 16. 3. N.

medo and Quadragefima. Thofe of the 2d clais are the common Surdays. Anciently each Sunday in the year had its particular name, which was taken from the introit of the day; which cuftom has only been continued to fome few in dent; a- Reminifce e, Latare, Oculi, Judica. The Lord's do,, mentioned in the Apocalypfe, is certamly our Sunday; which was very Cary inftituted by the apofties. A regard was had to this day in the earlie ft ages of the church; as appears from the first apology of Juftin Martyr, where he defies the exercife of the day not inuch unlike Se SABBATH, § 8. But Conftantine the Great first made a law for the proper obfervation of Sooday; and, according to Eufebius, appointed it to be regularly celebrated throughcut the Roman empire. Before him, and even in his time, they obferved the Jewith Sabbath as well as Sunday. By his law, made in 321, it was decreed, that the Sunday fhould be kept a day of reft in all cities and towns; but the country people were allowed to follow their work. In $38, the council of Orleans prohibited country Labour; but because there were still many Jews in Gaul, and the people fell into many fuperftitious ufages in the celebration of the new Sabbath, like thofe of the Jews among that of the old, the council declares, that to hold it unlawful to travel with norfes, cattle, and carriages, to prepare food, or to do any thing neceflary to the cleanlinefe and decency of houfes or perfons, fawours more of Judaism than of Chriftianity. See SABBATH BREAKING.

(3.) SUNDAY. See SUNDA, N° 1. (4.) SUNDAY SCHOOLS. See SCHOOL, SUNDBACK, a river of the Helvetie republic, which runs into the Linth, near Weffen.

SUNDER. n. f. [junder, Saxon.] Two; two parts. He cutteth the fpear in funder. Pfaims. *To SUNDER. v. a. [fyndrian, Saxon.] To part: tfparate; to divide.

Sundered friends greet in the hour of death.
Shak.

-It is fundered from the main land. Cares.-
To draw and faften fund'red parts in one. Don.
A fund'red clock is piecemeai laid,
Not to be loft, but by the maker's hand
Repouf'd, without error.

Donne. When both the chiefs are funder'd from the fight,

Then to the lawful king restore his right. Dryd.
Th' enormous weight was caft,
Which Crantor's body funder'd.

Dryden.

Bars, tigers, wolves, the lion's angry brood, Whom Heav'n endu'd with principles of blood. He wifely funder'd from the reft. Dryden. Jove may kill, but ne'er shall sunder. Gianv. SUNDERBUNDS, [i. e. the woods. A territory of Hindooftan, in the S. part of Bengal, near the sea coaft, as large as Wales, interfected by the mouths of the Ganges, all of which are falt water, except the principal one. "It is fo completely enveloped in woods (fays M. Rennell,) and infefted with tigers, that if ever any attempts have been made to clear it, as is reported, they have mifcarried." Its numerous canals are fo difpofed, as to form a complete in and navigation, throughout and across the lower part of the VOL. XXI. PART II.

(1.) SUNDERLAND, a fea port town of Eugland, in Durham, at the mouth of the Wear. It is well built, and flourishing; the population is eflimated at 30,000. Coals are the staple commodity, of which 280,000 chaldrons, Newcaftle meature, are annually exported. In 1791, 4905 ve fels cleared coaft ways, and 703 over ka; in all 5608. Lime, falt, copperas, bottles, glafs, pottery wares, and grind-flozes are also exported. Great improvements have been made within these few years upon the harbour, by deepening it to 16 feet, and building a new N. pier; fo that it can now admit veflels of 400 tons. The IRON BRIDGE erected over the Wear in 1793-6, is a great curiofity. (See BRIDGE, $ 9, N° iv.) The keel-men are uncommonly active, healthy and athletic. This town has a handfome church; a large and elegant chapel of eafe; a meeting houfe for Methodists, and other 5 for other Diffenters; an hofpital for seamen and their widows; another for 8 widows, and a difpenfary. It lies 13 miles NE. of Durham, and 264 N. by W. of London. Lon. 1. 14. W. Lat. 54. 56. N.

(2-4.) SUNDERLAND, 3 small towns: 1. in Cumberland, 4 miles NE. of Cockermouth: 2. in Durham, near Brand/peth Caftle: 3. in Northumber land, on the sea coaft, N. of Dunftaburg Castle.

(5.) SUNDERLAND, a township of Malfachusetts, in Hampshire county, on the E. bank of the Con necticut, oppofite Deerfied: 10 m. N. of Hadley, 100 W. of Bofton, and 127 NNE. of New York. (6.) SUNDERLAND FORT, a fortress of Barbadoes, one mile N. of Speights-town.

(7, 8.) SUNDERLAND POINT, 2 caps of England: 1. on the coaft of Lancashire, at the mouth of the Lune: 2. on the E. coaft of Northumberland, on the German Sea, in Lon. 1. 44. W. Lat. 55.27. N.

(1.)* SUNDEW. n. f. [ros folis, Lat.] An herb. Ainsworth.

(2.) SUN DEW, in botany. See DROSERA. SUNDGAW, a ci-devant district of Germany, on the left bank of the Rhine; now annexed to the French empire, and included in the department of the Lower Rhine.

(1.) SUNDI, a province of Africa, in CONGO, well watered and rendered extremely fertile by numerous rivers. Its mountains abound with mines of various metals. It lies chiefly along the banks of the Zaire.

(2.) SUNDI, the capital of the above province. Lon. 17. 55. E. Lat. 4. 50. S.

(1.) * SUNDIAL. n. J. [fun and dial.] A marked plate on which the fhadow points the hour.Dddd A'T