1. *To STRANGLE. v. a. [strangulo, Lat.] To choak; to fuffocate; to kill by intercepting the breath. His eye-balls farther out, than when he liv'd, Staring ful ghaftly, like a strangled man. Shak. Shall I not then be ftifled in the vault, And there be strangled eve my Romeo comes? Shak. -Do'st thou not know that thou haft strangled thine husbands? Tob. iii. 8.-The lion did tear in pieces enough for his whelps, and strangled for his lioneffes. Neb.--So heinous a crune was the fin of adultery, that our Saxon ancestors compell. ed the adulterefs to strangle herfelf; and he who debauched her was to be hanged over her grave. Ayliffe. 2. To fupprefs; to hinder from birth or appearance. By the clock, 'tis day; And yet dark night strangles the travelling lamp. Shak. STRANGLER. n. . [from strangle.] One who ftrangles.-The band that feems to tie their friendship together, will be the very strangler of their amity. Shak. (1.) * STRANGLES. n. f. [from strangle.] Swellings in a horfe's throat. (2.) STRANGLES. See FARRIERY, Part III. Se&. VI. STRANGULATION. n. f. [from strangle.] The act of ftrangling; fuffocation; the state of being trangied.-A fpunge is mifchievous, not in itfelf, for its powder is harmless; but because, being received into the ftomach, it fwelleth, and, occationing its continual diftenfion, induceth a strangulation. Brown. The reduction of the jaws 1s difficult, and, if they be not timely reduced, there happen paralyfis and strangulation. Wifeman. (1.) STRANGURY. n. J. pafuqia; stran. gurie, Fr. A difficulty of urine attended with pain. (2.) STRANGURY. See MEDICINE, Index. STRANRAER, or an ancient royal borough STRANRAWER, of Scotland, in Wigtonfhire, at the head of Loch-Ryan, capital of the Rhyns of Galloway. The principal street is very ong, and the old houfes are built irregularly; whole streets of new and elegant houfes have een lately erected; together with a handfome ..n-house and its appendages. The cotton and joen manufactures are carried on in it to a con fiderable extent. It has afo a tan-work, and exports grain to England, Ireland, and the Baltic, to the amount of about 6000 quarters a-year. The harbour is excellent, being theitered on all fides; and the tonnage of veffels in it is about 1200 tons. The borough is governed by a provoft, 2 bailies, a dean of guild, and 15 counsellors; who elect a delegate to join with thofe of Wigton, New Galloway, and Whithorn, in fending a reprefentative to the imperial parliament. The population, in 1791, was 1602; the increase 953, fince 1955. The great road from Carlisle to PortPatrick is through this town. The ancient caitle of Stranraer, the feat of the Earts of Stair, is a venerable ruin near it; and not far diftant is Cosoburn, or Culborn, the elegant refidence of that nobie family. Stranraer has fairs, the 1st Friday in May, and the laft in Aug. and Oct. and lies 8 miles W. of Glenluce, 20 W. of Wigton, and 35 S. of Ayr. Lon. 1. 49. W. of Edinburgh; 5. 15. W. of London. Lat. 55. 0. N. STRANYGORE, a town of Ireland, in Down county, Ulfter, famous for a remarkable tide on its coat, called Stranygore tide, which runs off from the E. end of Mew Ifland to the NE. end of the Mud of Galloway, occafioned by meeting the flood-tide from the N. (1.) * STRAP. n. f. (stroppe, Dutch; 'stroppa, Italian.] A narrow long flip of cloth or leather. Thele cloaths are good enough to drink in, and fo be these boots too; an' they be not, let them bang themselves in their own straps Shak -Į found but one hufband, a lively cobler, that kicked and spurred all the while his wife was carrying him on; and had fearce paffed a day without gi ving her the difcipline of the strap. Addion. (2.) STRAP, among furgeons, a fort of band ufed to ftretch out limbs in the fetting of broken or disjointed bones. (3.) STRAP, in a fhip, the rope which is fpliced about any block, and made with an eye to faften it anywhere on occafion. (4.) STRAPS, in the manege. The ftraps of a faddle are small leather straps, nailed to the bows of the faddle, with which we make the girths tal to the fadele. * To STRAP. v. a. [from strap.] To beat with a ftrap. (1.) * STRAPPADO. n. f. Chaftifement by blows.-Were 1 at the strappado, or all the racks in the world, I would not tell you on compuition. Shak. (2.) STRAPPADO, or STRAPADO, is a barbarous military punishment, wherein the criminal's hands being tied behind him, he is hoisted up with a rope to the top of a long piece of wood, and iet fall again almost to the ground; fo that, by the weight of his body in the fhock, his arms are diflocited. Sometimes he is to undergo three strapadoes or more. * STRAPPING. adj. Vaft; large; bulky. Ufed of large men or women in contempt. STRASALDO, a town of Maritime Auftria, in Friuli; 2 miles E. of Palma Nova. STRASBERG, a town of Germany, in Suabia; 19 miles W. of Buchau, and 18 E. of Rothwell, 1.) STRASBURG, an ancient, large, handfoine, populous, and ftrong city of France, in the department department of the Lower Rhine, of which it is the capital, as it formerly was of the whole province of Upper and Lower A face. It contains about 200 streets, part of which are very narrow, and moft of the houses are built after the ancient tafte. However, there are many handfome buildings, such as the hotel of the ci-devant marthal of France, the hotel of Rouen, the bishop's palace, the Jefuits college, the ci-devant royal hoʻpital, the hotel of Heffe-Darmstadt, the arfenal, the town-house, and the cathedral. It has a wooden bridge over the Rhine, which is thought to be one of the finest in Europe; as is likewife the cathedral church, whose tower is the handsomest in Germany, and the clock is greatly admired by ail travellers. The steepie is allowed to be the highelt in Europe. The clock fhows the motion of the fun, moon, and stars. An angel turns an hourglafs every hour; and the 12 apoftles proclaim noon, by ftriking a blow with a hammer on a beli. There is likewife a cock of clock-work, that crows every hour. There are 700 fteps up to the tower or steeple, it being 500 feet high. It was a free and imperiai city, but Lewis XIV. became mafter of it in 1681, and great.y augmented the fortifications, though before it had as many can. non as there are days in the year. The inhabitants were formerly Proteftants, and carried on a great trade. They are eftimated at 60,000. It is feated on the river Il, 55 miles N. of Bafil, 112 SW. of Mentz, and 255 E. of Paris. Lon. 7. 51. E. Lat. 48. 35. N. (2.) STRASBURG, a town of Brandenburg, 12 miles N. of Prenziow, and 56 N. of Berlin. (3.) STRASBURG, a town of W. Pruffia, in Culm; with a caftle on the Drabnitz, or Drigent2; 30 miles NE. of Thorn, and 35 E. of Culm. It was often taken and retaken in the war between the Swedes and Pules. Lon. 18. 23. E. Lat. 53. 5. N. (4.) STRASBURG, a town of Pennsylvania, in Lancaster county; on an eminence in a fertile country; 5 miles N. of Chambersburg, and so W. of Philadelphia." (5.) STRASBURG, a town of Virginia, in She nandoah county; on the NW. branch of the Shenandoah; with a handföme German Lutheran church. STRASCHNITZ, a town of Bohemia, in Boleflau; 2 miles N. of Melnik. thing concerning them that may be generally applicable: and indeed the depths to which we can penetrate are fo fmail, that only a very few can be known to us at any rate; thofe that lie near the centre, or even a great way from it, being for ever hid. One reafon why we cannot penetrate to any great depth is, that as we go down the air becomes foul, loaded with pernicious vapours, inflammable air, fixed air, &c. which destroy the miners, and there is no pollibility of going on. In many places, however, these vapours become pernicious much fooner than in others, particularly where fulphureous minerals abound, as in mines of metal, coal, &c. But however great differences there may be among the under itrata, the upper are in fome refpects the fame all over the globe, at least in this refpect, that it is fit for the fupport of vegetables, which the others are not, without long exposure to the air. Properly speaking, indeed, the upper ftratum of the earth al round, is compofed of the pure vegetable mold, though in many places it is mixed with large quantities of other ftrata, as clay, fand, gravel, &c.; and hence proceed the differences of foils fo well known to thofe who practise agriculture. It has been supposed, by fʊme naturalists, that the different ftrata of which the earth is compofed were originally formed at the creation, and have continued in a manner immutable ever fince: but this cannot poffibly have been the cafe, fince we find that many of the strata are ftrangely intermixed with each other; the bones of animals both marine and terreftrial are frequently found at great depths in the earth; beds of oyfter fhells are found of immenfe extent in feveral countries; and concerning these and other thell fifh, it is remarkable, that they are generally found much farther from the furface than the bones or teeth either of marine or terreftrial animais. Neither are the theils or other remains of fish found in those countries adjoimng to the feas where they grow naturally, but in the moft diftant regions. Mi Whitehurst, in his Inquiry into the Original State and Formation of the Earth, has given the following account of many different kinds of animals, whofe fhells and other remains or exuviæ are found in England; though at prefent the living animals are not to be found except in the Eaft and West Indies. (3.) STRATA, A CATALOGUE OF EXTRANEOUS STRASNITZ, a town of Moravia, in Hradifch, FOSSILS, FOUND IN, SHOWING WHERE THEY 136 miles SE. of Prague. STRASSWALD, a town of Bavaria, in Salzburg; 12 miles ENE. of Lauffen, and 19 NNE. of Salzburg. It now belongs to the archduke of Auftria. See REVOLUTION, § VIH. and SALTZ. BURG (1.) * STRATA. n. f. [The plural of firatum, Lat.] Beds; layers. A philofophical term.→ The terreftrial matter is difpofed into ftrata, or layers, placed one upon another. Woodward. With how much wifdom are the struta laid! Blackmore. (2.) STRATA, in mineralogy, the feveral beds or layers of different matters whereof the earth is compofed. See QUARRY. The ftrata whereof WERE DUG UP; ALSO THEIR NATIVE CLIMATES; land, Oxfordshire, Middle-East and West Infex, Surrey, and Northamp tonshire. Sea-Tortoife, feveral kinds; the Hawksbill, Loggerhead, and Green species. Sheppy Inland. dies. West Indies. the earth is computed are so very different in dif. Mangrove Tree Oyfters, Shep-{ West Indies. ferent countries, that it is impoffible to fay any 1 py 10land. Coxc mb NAMES and PLACES where found. Native Climates. Coxcomb Tree Oysters. Ox-7 fordshire, Gloucestershire, Doifetfhire, and Hanover' Coast of Guinea. Vertebræ and Palates of the Or bes. Sheppy Inlands, and ma- { E. and W. Indies. 13 Bind ny other parts of England. 14 Stone Crocodile. Germany, Derby-> 15 Stone fhire, Nottinghamshire, Ox 16 Bind 17 Smutt, a black West Indies. 18 Bind 22 Strong, broad 19 Stone Fith. Sheppy Island. West Indies. 20 Bind Tail Buccinum. Sheppy fland, 21 Coal East Indies. (4.) STRATA, APPEARANCES OF, UNACCOUNTABLE. Nothing has perplexed thofe who undertake to form theories of the earth more than thefe appearances. Some have at once boldly affeited, from thefe and other phenomena, that the world is eternal. Others have had recourfe to the univerfal deluge. Some, among whom is the Count de Buffon, endeavour to prove that the ocean and dry land are perpetually changing places; that for many ages the highest mountains have been cover. ed with water, in confequence of which the marine animals juft mentioned were generated in fuch vaft quantities, that the waters will again cover thefe mountains, the habitable part of the earth become fea, and the fea become dry land as before, &c. Others have imagined that they might be occafioned by volcanoes, earthquakes, &c. which confound the different ftrata, and often intermix the productions of the fea with thofe of the dry land. See DELUGE, § 13; EARTH, § VI; and MOUNTAIN, 7 and 11. The general rule laid down under the article NATURAL HISTORY, Sect. I. 5. that "the upper ftrata coufift of ragftone, the next of flate," &c. does not hold univerfally. The ftrata differ exceedingly in a great number of places; fome inftances of which we thall give from Mr Whitehurst. (5.) STRATA AT ALFRETON COMMON. of fome of the ftrata of the South-Sea islands. It appears, he thinks, evidently, that ail the high tropical ifles of the South Sea have been fubject to the action of volcanoes. Pyritical and fulphureous fubitances, together with a few iron-ftones, and fome veftiges of copper, are no doubt found in feveral of them: but the mountains of New Caledonia are the most likely to contain the rich eft metallic veins; and the fame opinion, I fufpe&, may be formed of the mountains in New Zea land. In the city of Modena, in Bonaparte's Ita dian kingdom, and for fome miles round that place, there is the most fingular arrangement of ftrata perhaps in the whole world. From the furface of the ground to the depth of 14 feet, they meet with nothing but the ruins of an ancient city. Being come to that depth, they find paved streets, artificers fhops, floors of houses, and several pieces of inlaid work. After these ruins they find a very folid earth, which one would think had never been removed; but a little lower they find it black and marshy, and fuil of briars. Signior Ramazzini in one place found a heap of wheat entire at the depth of 24 feet; in another, he found filbert-trees with their nuts. At the depth of about 28 feet, they find a bed of chalk, about 11 feet deep, which cuts very eafily; after this a bed of marshy earth of about two feet, mixed with ruthes, leaves, and branches. After this bed comes 6 another of chalk, nearly of the fame thickness; and which ends at the depth of 42 feet. This is 6 followed by another bed of marthy earth like the former; after which comes à new chalk-bed, but thinner, which also has a marthy bed underneath it. This ends at the depth of 63 feet; after which 3 they find fand mingled with small gravei, and feveral marine shells. This ftratum is usually about five feet deep, and underneath it is a vaft refervoir of water. It is on account of this water that the foil is fo frequently dug, and the ftrata fo well known in this part of the world. After coming to the fandy bottom above-mentioned, the workmen pierce the ground with a terebra or auger, when the water immediately springs up with great force, and fills the well to the brim. The flow is 3 perpetual, and neither increafes by rain, nor decreales 6 о 7 Bind о 8 8 8 Stone I o 2.5 9 Bind 3 Io Stone I colour 8 Bind creafes by drought. Sometimes the auger meets with great trees, which give the workmen much trouble; they alfo fometimes fee at the bottom of thefe wells great bones, coals, flints, and pieces of iron. It has been afferted by fome, that the fpecific gravity of the ftrata conftantly increased with the depth from the surface. But Dr Leigh, in his Natural Hiftory of Lancashire, fpeaking of the coal pits, denies the ftrata to lie according to the laws of gravitation; obferving, that the ftrata there are first a bed of marle, then free-ftone, next iron-ftone, then coal, or channei mire, then fome other strata, then coal again, &c. This determined Mr Derham to make a nicer inquiry into the matter: accordingly, in 1712, he caufed divers places to be bored, laying the feveral ftrata by themfelves; and afterwards determined very carefully their specific gravity. The refult was, that in his yard the ftrata were gradually fpecifically heavier and heavier the lower and lower they went; but in another place in his fields, he could not perceive any difference in the specific gravities. Acquainting the Royal Society therewith, their operator Mr Haukfbee was ordered to try the strata of a coal-pit, which he did to the depth of 30 ftrata: the thickness and fpecific gravity of each whereof he gives us in a table in the Philof. Tranf.; and from the whole makes this inference, that it evidently appears the gravities of the feveral ftrata are in no manner of order, but purely cafual, as if mixed by chance. (1.) * STRATAGEM. n. S. [5galnynuz; Atrata geme, Fr.] 1. An artifice in war; a trick by which an enemy is deceived. John Talbot, I did fend for thee, To tutor thee in ftratagems of war. Ev'ry minute now (1.) STRATFORD, a river of England, in Buckinghamshire. (2.) STRATFORD, a town of Ireland, in Wicklow, Leinfter: feated on the Slaney, 26 miles from Dublin. (3.) STRATFORD, a confiderable village of Effex, feparated from Bow in Middlesex, by the river Lea, over which it has a bridge faid to be the moft ancient ftone one in England; having been built by Queen Maud, wife of Henry I. It is in the parish of Weft Ham, 4 miles ENE. of London. (4.) STRATFORD, a confiderable river of Connecticut, formed by the junction of the HoUSATONICK with the NAUGATUCK, at Derby. It runs a courfe of 12 miles through Litchfield county, paffes over falls 60 feet perpendicular, feparates Newhaven and Fairfield counties, and falls into Long Island Sound, 11 miles SW. of Newhaven. Iron works are erected at the fails, where it is 150 yards wide. (5.) STRATFORD, a poft town of Connecticut, in Fairfield county, with two churches, on the W. bank of the above river (N° 4.) near its mouth; 12 miles SW. of Newhaven, 52 NE. of New York, 112 SW. of Bofton, and 169 from Philadelphia. Lon. 73. 5. W. Lat. 41. 12. N. (6.) STRATFORD, a township of New Hampthire, in Grafton county; on the E. bank of the Connecticut. (7.) STRATFORD, FENNY, a town of England, in Bucks, with a market on Monday: 12 miles E. of Buckingham, and 45 NW. of London. (8.) STRATFORD, OLD. an ancient town of Northamptonshire, on the Oufe; oppofite STONY Shak. STRATFORD, N° 10. Should be the father of some stratagems. Shak. 2. An artifice; a trick by which fome advantage is obtained. Think on all thofe ftratagems which nature Keeps ready to encounter sudden dangers. Denb. Thofe oft are tratagems which errours feem. Pope. (2.) STRATAGEMS, in the art of war, were much practised by the ancients: the moderns wage war more openly, and on the fquare. Frontinus has made a collection of the ancient ftratagems of war. STRATEGUS, [searys,] in antiquity, an officer among the Athenians, whereof there were two chofen yearly, to command the troops of the ftate. Plutarch fays, there was one chofen from out of each tribe; but Pollux feems to fly they were chofen indifferently out of the people. The peo ple themselves made the choice; and that on the laft day of the year, in the PNYX. The two frategi did not command together, but took their turns day by day; as we find from Herodotus and Cornelius Nepos. Sometimes indeed, as when a perfon was found of merit vaftly fuperior, and exceedingly famed in war, the command was given to him alone: but it was ever a rule, not to put any person in the office but whofe eftate was in Attica, and who had children, that there might be fome hoftages and fecurities for his conduct and fidelity. Conftantine the Great, befides many other privileges granted to the city of Athens, honoured its chief magiftrate with the title of Mas Zrgans, Magnus Dux. (9.) STATFORD, ST MARY'S, a confiderable village of Suffolk, which has a fhare in the woollen manufacture. It is 12 miles SW. of Ipfwich, and 57 NE. of Lordon. (10.) STRATFORD, STONY, an ancient town of Buckinghamthire, with a market on Friday; feated on the Oufe, on the Roman Road called WATLING STREET. Its chief trade is lace-making. It has 2 churches, and lie: 8 miles NE. of Buckingham, 20 NW. of Duritable, and 52 NW. of London. Lon. o. 55. W. Lat. 52. 7. N. (11.) STRATFORD UPON AVON, a town of Warwickihire, the most celebrated of all the Stratfords, famous for being the birth-place of the immortal SHAKESPEARE, who was buried in it, in 1616. If it was poflibie to add any thing to its celebuty on this account, the late David Garrick accempluhed it, by his famous Jubilee, performed here in honour of the Warwickfire Bard, on the centerniverfary of his birth, and attended by all the beau monde of England. Stratford is governed by a mayor, 12 aidermen, recorder, high steward, and 12 burgeffes. It has a handsome stone bridge over the Avon, of 13 great and 6 fmall arches. It is 8 miles SW. of Warwick, and 94 NW. of London. Lon. 1. 44. W. Lat. 52. 15. N. (1.) STRATII, n. /. [Scottish,] a large and broad valley, with a river running along the bottom. It is ufed in contradiftinction to Glen, which is appiied to a narrow valley of fmall extent, between two hills. See GLEN, § 2, 6. (2.) STRATH, or STRATH-SWORDLE, a parith of Inverneis-thire, in the ille of Sky; 19 miles long, long, and 1 broad; lying on the Sound, which feparates Sky from Main-land, and comprehend ing the islands of SCALPA and PABBA. The middle part is flat, but the greater part hily, and covered with heath: the arable part confits of clay and loam, but chiefly mofs. The coaft is rocky, but has 3 fmall but fafe harbours. Some of the hilis exhibit volcanic appearances. Lime-ftone and marl abound, with fome marble. STRATIAEN. See STRACHAN, N° 1. STRATHALLADALE, a village in Sutherland. STRATHALLAN, a valley of Perthshire, watered by the ALLAN, which runs through it. STRATHAM, or STREATHAM, a township of New Hampshire, in Rockingham county; contairing 882 citizens, in 1795. STRATHARDLE, a valley of Perthshire, watere ! by the ARDLE, which runs through and gives Dame to it. (1.) STRATHAVEN, [from Strath-ath Fin, the valley of the ford of FINGAL,] or AVENDALE, a parith and barony of Scotiand, in Lanarkshire, about 12 miles long, and from 5 to 6 broad. The furface riles gradually from the banks of the AVEN, on both fides of that river, au! terminates in hills. The foil is various, clay, gravel, mofs, moor, and heath, but is fertile, and produces good crops; being interfected by many rivulets, which abound with trouts. Limestone abounds, and fome coals, but of a poor quality. The inhabitants are much employed in the muslin manufacture. The popu⚫ ation, in 1793, was 3343; the decrease 208, fince 1755. There are relics of a Roman road on the S. bank of the Aven for feveral miles; and ruins of three ancient chapels. Those of the castle of Avendale on a rock exhibit a venerable appearance. (2.) STRATHAVEN, a confiderable town in the above parith, pleasantly feated on the AVEN. Its chief manufacture is the cotton, in which nearly 400 looms are, or lately were, employed. Strathaven was erected into a burgh of barony, in 1450, with the ufual privileges, and had an extenfive commonty granted to the burgefles, all of which has long ago become private property. The population, in 1793, was 1610. The baron bailie, the only magistrate, is appointed by the Duke of Hamilton. It has a weekly market, and fairs in Jan. June, and Nov. and lies 7 miles E. of Hamiton. (3.) STRATHAVEN, a district in Banffshire. STRATHBEG, LOCH, a lake of Aberdeenshire, in the parishes of Crimond and Lontray, about a mile iong, and feparated from the fea by a ridge, haif a mile broad. In the begining of the 18th century, it communicated with the fea; and vef. fls of fmall burden could enter it; but about 1720, a trong E. wind bew the fand into the channel, and thus stopped the communication by forming a bar of find. The lake covers 550 acres. (1.) STRATHBLANE, a beautiful valley of Scotland, in the counties of Stirling and Dumbar ton; formed by the Lennox hills on the S. and the GRAMPIANS on the N. The BLANE meanders through rich paftures and fertile fields, in the middle of this valley; which comprehends the parish e of BUCHANAN, DRYMEN, KILLEARN, KILMARNOCK, and STRATHBLANE, N° 2. See BLANE, No 2. (2.) STRATHBLANE, a parish of Stirlingshire, in the above valley, in the NW. corner of the coun ty, of a rectangular form, 5 miles long, and 4 broad. The furface is beautiful and picturesque; the foil is extremely fertile; the plains are ornamented with elegant villas; the hills are adorned with natural wood; and beyond this is a confider. able extent of moorland, covered with heath, but affording excellent pafture for fheep. On the W. the hill of Dumgoiack makes the ftriking appear. ance, of a conical hill, infulated in the midst of a vailey, and completely covered with wood; while a cliff of the oppofite hill, projecting like a pedef tal, directs the eye through an immenfe vista to the plains below; where the profpect is bounded by the lofty mountains on the fide of Loch LoThe population, in 1794, was 620; the decrease 177, fince 1755. In this parith, the river BLANE forms the cafcade called the Spout of Bal lagan. There is a fquare tower with a fextuple echo, and ruins of 2 ancient caftles, Mugdock and Duntreath.-The latter was the manfion-houfe of the baron of Duntreath, who in right thereof fat in the Scottish parliament without election or pa. tent. MOND. STRATHBOGIE, a district of Aberdeenshire, anciently one of the great divifions of that county, cailed thanags, comprehending the whole origi nal eftate, which K. Robert Bruce gave to the uoble family of GORDON, the ancestors of the prefent duke. It comprehends an extent of 120 fquare miles, including the land, arable and uncultivated, on both fides of the BOGIE; which runs into the Deveron at Huntly, whence that town was formerly called Bogie, as it ftill is the capital of the lordship. STRATHBRAN, a valley of Perthshire, in the parish of Little Dunkeld, watered by the Bran. STRATHBRON, a valley of Sutherlandshire. STRATHCLYDE, an ancient province of the Picts. Their capital was Alcuid, now DUMBAR TON. STRATHDEVON, a valley of Aberdeen and Banff-faires; a connection or continuation of that of STRATHBOGIE. STRATHDIGHTY, a valley of Forfarshire, watered by the Dighty, which runs through it. (1.) STRATHDON, an extenfive valley of Aberdeenthire, through which the DON runs into the German ocean. (2.) STRATHDON, a large parish of Aberdeenfhire, on the W. border of the county, 50 miles from Aberdeen. It is 28 miles long, and from 7 to 8 broad; occupying the head of the above val ley. It was anciently called Invernochtie, from the church being fituated at the conflux of the Nochtie with the Don. The furface is moftly hiily and covered with heath, affording excellent pafture for fheep; but interfperfed with fpots of ara ble ground in many places. The population, in 1793, was 2524; the decreafe 226, fince 1755: the number of horfes was 552; of sheep, 8,530; and black cattle, 2286. Glenkindy and Achernach, the feats of Meffrs Keith and Forbes, are the only gentlemen's feats properly in the parish; yet there are other 4 within its bounds, but fituated in a district belonging to the parish of TARLAND; viz. Edingloffie, Skellater, Invercarnan, and Candarcraig, |