Chap. I. but thirty days old, replied, "You are not my father." But this was fo far from mending matters with Brice, that it made them much worfe; the people now accufing him of forcery likewife. At laft being driven out of the city, he appealed to Rome, and, after a feven years fuit, got his bishopric again. This ftory is told of him by Gregory Turonenfis, his fucceffor in his fee at Tours. 15. Machu §. 5. Machutus, otherwife called Maclovius, was a Bitus, Bishop. fhop in Bretagne in France, of that place which is from him called St. Maloes. He lived about the year 500, and was famous for many miracles, if the acts concerning him may be credited. 17. Hugh, Lincoln. §. 6. Hugh was born in a city of Burgundy, called GraBishop of tianopolis. He was firft a Regular canon, and afterwards a Carthufian monk. Being very famous for his extraordinary abftinence and aufterity of life, King Henry II. having built a house for Carthufian monks at Witteham in Somersetshire, fent over Reginald Bishop of Bath to invite this holy man to accept the place of the Prior of this new foundation. Hugh, after a great many intreaties, affented, and came over with the Bishop, and was by the fame King made Bishop of Lincoln: where he gained an immortal name for his well governing that fee, and new building the cathedral from the foundation. In the year 1200, upon his return from Carthufia, the chief and ori-' ginal house of their order, (whither he had made a voyage,) he fell fick of a quartan ague at London, and there died on November the feventeenth. His body was presently conveyed to Lincoln, and happening to be brought thither when John King of England and William King of Scots had an interview there, the two Kings, out tof refpect to his fanctity, affifted by fome of their Lords, took him upon their flioulders, and carried him to the ca thedral. In the year 1220, he was canonized at Rome and his body being taken up October 7, 1282, was placed” in a filver fhrine. The monks have afcribed feveral miracles to him, which I fhall omit for brevity, and only fet down one story which is credibly related of him, viz. That coming to Godstow, a house of Nuns near Oxford, and seeing a hearse in the middle of the choir covered with filk, and tapers burning about it, (it being then, as it is ftill in fome parts of England, a custom to have fuch nonuments in the church for fome time after the burial of persons of distinction,) he asked who was buried there; and being informed that it was fair Rofamond, the concubine of King Henry II. who had that honour done her for for having obtained a great many favours of the King for Part II. that houfe, he immediately commanded her body to be digged up, and to be buried in the church-yard, faying it was a place a great deal too good for a harlot, and therefore he would have her removed, as an example to terrify other women from fuch a wicked and filthy kind of life. King and §. 7. Edmund was a king of the Eaft-Angles, who be- 20. Eding affaulted by the Danes (after their irruption into mund, England) for their poffeffion of his country, and not being Martyr. able to hold out against them, offered his own perfon, if they would fpare his fubjects. But the Danes having got him under their power, endeavoured to make him renounce his religion: which he refufing to do, they first beat him with bats, then fcourged him with whips, and afterwards, binding him to a flake, fhot him to death with their arrows. His body was buried in a town where Sigebert, one of his predeceffors, had built a church; and where afterwards (in honour of his name) another was built more fpacious, and the name of the town, upon that occafion, called St. Edmund's Bury. §. 8. Cæcilia was a Roman lady, who refufing to re- 22. Cæcilia, nounce her religion when required, was thrown into a Virgin and furnace of boiling water, and fcalded to death: though Martyr. others fay fhe was ftifled by fhutting out the air of a bath, which was a death fometimes inflicted in those days upon women of quality who were criminals. She lived in the year 225. §. 9. St. Clement I. was a Roman by birth, and one of 23, St. Cle the first Bishops of that place: which fee he held, ac- ment 1. cording to the beft accounts, from the year 64 or 65 to Rome, and Bishop of the year 81, or thereabouts; and during which time he Martyr. was moft undoubtedly author of one, and is fupposed to have been of two very excellent epiftles, the firft of which was fo much efteemed of by the primitive christians, as that for fome time it was read in the churches for canonical fcripture 23. He was for the fake of his religion first condemned to hew ftones in the mines; and afterwards, having an anchor tied about his neck, was drowned in the fea. §. 10. St. Catherine was born at Alexandria, and bred 25. Catheup to letters. About the year 305 fhe was converted to rine, Virgin chriftianity, which the afterwards profeffed with great tyr. courage and conftancy; openly rebuking the heathen for 23 Cave's Hiftoria Literaria. offering and Mar Chap. I. offering facrifice to their idols, and upbraiding the cruelty of Maxentius the Emperor, to his face. She was condemned to fuffer death in a very unusual manner, viz. by rolling a wheel stuck round with iron spikes, or the points of fwords, over her body. Dec. 6. 8. Concep bleffed Vir SECT. XII. Of the Romish Saints-days and Holy-days in December. NICOLAS was born at Patara, a city of Lycia, and was afterwards, in the time of Conftantine the Great, made Bishop of Myra. He was remarkable for his great charity; as a proof of which this inftance may ferve. Understanding that three young women, daughters of a perfon who had fell to decay, were tempted to take lewd courfes for a maintenance, he fecretly conveyed a fum of money to their father's houfe, fufficient to enable him to provide for them in a virtuous way. §. 2. The feaft of the Conception of the Virgin Mary tion of the was inftituted by Anfelm Archbishop of Canterbury, upon gin Mary. occafion of William the Conqueror's fleet being in a storm, and afterwards coming fafe to fhore. But the council of Oxford, held in the year 1222, left, people at liberty whether they would obferve it or not. But it had before this given rife to the question ventilated fo warmly in the Roman church, concerning the Virgin Mary's immaculate conception; which was firft ftarted by Peter Lombard about the year 1160. 12. Lucy, Martyr. i . §. 3. Lucy was a young lady of Syracufe, who, being Virgin and courted by a gentleman, but preferring a religious single life before marriage, gave all her fortune away to the poor, in order to ftop his farther applications. But the young man, enraged at this, accufed her to Pafchafius, the heathen judge, for profeffing christianity; who thereupon ordered her to be fent to the ftews: but the struggling with the officers who were to carry her, was, after a great deal of barbarous ufage, killed by them. She lived in the year 305. entia. 16. O Sapi- §. 4. The fixteenth of December is called O Sapientia, from the beginning of an anthem in the Latin fervice, which used to be fung in the church (for the honour of Chrift's advent) from this day till Christmas Eve. 31. Silvef ter, Bishop of Rome. §. 5. Silvefter fucceeded Miltiades in the papacy of Rome, A. D. 314. He is faid to have been the author of feveral rites and ceremonies of the Romish church, as of Afylums, Unctions, Palls, Corporals, Mitres, &c. He died in the year 334. CHAP. CHAP. II. OF THE FIRST RUBRIC. The INTRODUCTION. HAVING done with the Tables, Rules, and Calendar, Chap. II. I fhould now proceed in order to the daily Morning and Evening Service: but the First Rubric, relating to that fervice, making mention of feveral things which deferve a particular confideration, and which muft neceffarily be treated of fomewhere or other; I think this the properest place to do it in, and shall therefore take the opportunity of this rubric to treat of them in a diftinct chapter by themselves. The Rubric runs thus: The ORDER for MORNING and EVENING The Morning and Evening Prayer shall be used in the accuftomed place of the Church, Chapel, or Chancel; except it shall be otherwife determined by the Ordinary of the place; and the Chancels fhall remain as they have done in times paft. And here it is to be noted, that fuch Ornaments of the Church, and the Minifters thereof, at all times of their miniftration, shall be retained and be in ufe, as were in this Church of England, by the authority of Parliament, in the fecond year of the reign of King Edward the Sixth. These are the words of the Rubric, and from thence I fhall take occafion to treat of thefe four things, viz. to I. The prescribed Times of public prayer; Morning and Evening. II. The Place where it is to be used; in the accustomed place of the Church, Chapel, or Chancel. III. The Minifter, or perfon officiating. IV. The Ornaments used in the church by the minifter. SECT. Chap. II. times for the per worship. Why the crifices were offered at the third and ninth hours. SECT. I. Of the prescribed Times of Public Prayer. The necef. MAN, confifting of foul and body, cannot always be fity of pre- actually engaged in the immediate fervice of God, that fcribing fet being the privilege of angels and fouls freed from the fetters of mortality. So long as we are here, we must formance worship God with refpect to our present ftate; and thereof divine fore muft of neceffity have fome definite and particular time to do it in. Now that men might not be left in an uncertainty in a matter of fo great importance, people of all ages and nations have been guided by the very dictates of nature, not only to appoint fome certain feasons to celebrate their more folemn parts of religion, (of which more hereafter,) but also to set apart daily fome portion of time for the performance of divine worship. To his peculiar people the Jews God himself appointed their fet times of public devotion; commanding them to offer up two lambs daily, one in the morning, and the other at even 24, 24, which we find, from other places of Scripture's, were at their third and ninth hours, which answer to our nine and three; that fo those burnt offerings, being types of the great facrifice which Chrift the Lamb of God was to offer up for the fins of the world, might be facrificed at the fame hours wherein his death was begun and finished. For about the third hour, or nine in the morning, he was delivered to Pilate, accufed, examined, and condemned to die 26; about the fixth hour, or noon, this Lamb of God was laid upon the altar of the crofs 27; and at the ninth hour, or three in the The primi- afternoon, yielded up the Ghoft 28. And though the Letive Chrifti- vitical Law expired together with our Saviour; yet the ans obferv-public worship of God muft ftill have fome certain times hours of fet apart for the performance of it: and accordingly all prayer for chriftian churches have been used to have their public dethe fame votions performed daily morning or evening. The Apoftles reason. and primitive Chriftians continued to obferve the fame hours of prayer with the Jews, as might eafily be fhewn Why not from the records of the ancient church 29. But the Church enjoined by of England cannot be fo happy as to appoint any fet hours of England, when either morning or evening prayer fhall be faid: because now people are grown fo cold and indifferent in their ed the fame the Church 24 Exod. xxix. 39. Numb.xxviii.4. 27 John xix. 14. 28 Matt. xxvii. 46, 50. 29 Conftit. Apoft. 1. 8. c. 34. Tertull. de Jejun. cap. 10. Cypr. de Orat. Domin. Bafil. in Reg. fuf. Difp. Int. 37. Hieron. in Dan. 6. Rup. de Divin. Offic. 1. 1. c. 5. devotions, |