mittances of the produce of the colonies to the mother country. The argument is not fairly stated by this writer. It does not come within the general principle, that no person shall inquire into the means,by which, or the place, from whence,property has been brought within the territory of a neutral state, further than as it may serve to cast light on the question whether it belong to a neutral or belligerent; for if this were conceded, still Great Britain could take it in transitu between the colony and the neutral country, which she considers, and which is undoubtedly as illegal as the other. Admit, however, that our right to exercise this trade is unquestionable, but that Great Britain denied it, and that one great object of the treaty was to secure the exercise of this trade. Is it true that our agree ment to a modification of this right for ten years is a relinquish ment of the principle? Is it not as fair to say, that this agreement of Great Britain is a virtual concession of our right, and that at the expiration of the treaty it would revert to us in an unqualified state? Could we not urge with great force, that while we claimed the absolute and uncontrouled right to this commerce, and Great Britain denied it in toto, at a time when she had the power and the disposition to cut it off altogether, that her agree ment to the exercise of it with an unimportant qualification, was an admission of the justice of our claims?

That it is an unimportant qualification every merchant well knows, because in consequence of the constant decisions of her courts, we have, during the last five years, brought this colonial produce to our own ports, and reshipped it, paring a small duty to our govern

ment.

The treaty simply provides a further duty of one per cent. in one case and two per cent. in the other, which has little or no tendency to enable the British tráder to contend with us in this valuable branch of commerce.

But this writer indulges himself in a vain satire against this provision, as tending to authorize the president to levy a duty on exports without the consent of congress, and contrary to the express terms of the constitution. If we could believe him sincere in this objection, it might be worthy of a reply; but as he and every man must know the distinction between withholding part of the duty, paid on importation, and a direct duty on exportation, it cannot be necessary to answer this piece of humour. If there was any weight in it, it would follow, that congress could not retain any part of the drawbacks, because the constitution has forbidden them to lay any duty on exports, and the withholding the drawbacks, according to the supposed reasoning, would amount to the levy on exportation.

But this writer, whose general notions on the subject of politicks are undoubtedly correct, aware of the delicate and interesting ground on which Great-Britain stands, of the importance to her of checking the trade of her enemy, and of the frauds to which the colonial trade naturally gives facility,proposes an expedient, for which our merchants will not thank him, and indicates a course to Great-Britain, which, we venture to say, would in the end prove more vexatious to our commere and more subversive of our rights; at the same time that it would create and excite the spirit of hostility and resentment against Great-Britain, which, as an

enlightened statesman, he justly deplores.

That we may not be supposed to misrepresent him, we quote his words, That we may be well understood, we acknowledge, that while the European powers maintain their colonial system, and relax from it occasionally under the pressure of necessity, or from the prospect of advantage, there is a presumption that trade, carried on by neutrals between a beiligerent and her colonies, is merely a cloak and cover injurious to the other belligerent. He therefore can right fully exact strong evidence that the property is neutral; and since melancholy experience proves that on such occasions perjury appears at the call of interest, it ought not to be wondered at, that he should so far extend the force of presumption as to receive it in contradiction to testimony.' Thus justifying, in another and more odious form, if not the very principle for which Great Britain contends, yet one, at the least, as offensive to neutrals. For,in ordinary cases of capture on suspicion, the belligerent has a right to require perfect evidence of property in the neutral, and yet this writer admits, that in the case of the colonial trade he has a right to expect something stronger than perfect. A pretty fair concession, that the trade is such as no powerful nation can safely admit.

The objection, which this writer urges to the twelfth article, we are not prepared to discuss, because he has not given us the words of that article, and because we think it trifling and unimportant. As we understand it, however, from the imperfect sketch given to us by this writer, it does not involve us in the difficulty he presumes, for, until other nations shall agree

with us to the same provision, we shall not be obliged to restore property captured by them beyond the limits prescribed by the law of nations; while, on the other hand, it may be beneficial to us, by precluding the British cruisers from cap. tures or searches within five miles of our coast, instead of a marine league, to which their rights were heretofore restricted.

We doubt also, whether the stricture on the third article be a correct one, and whether, if another nation should grant to us any peculiar privileges in compensation for a grant of favours in our ports, Great Britain could claim it gratuitously. If A was to stipuIste with B, that he would grant him all the advantages of any bargains, which he might make with any other person, we should exceedingly doubt, whether B could claim any such advantages, for which A had been obliged to make a pecuniary compensation., without paying the same pecuniary compensation.

Having thus noticed our differences of opinion with this author, as to the several articles of the treaty made by Messrs. Munroe and Pinckney, (which, on the whole, it is possible, may be an exceedingly good one) we shall conclude by observing, that we entertain the highest opinion of the talents of this writer, and perfectly coincide with many of the sentiments, which he has displayed.

We agree with him in the general outlines of the characters of the members of the administration. Indeed, we think there is a felicity in these portraits,which few, if any men in our country, would be able to imitate. We agree with him also, that however men may differ as to the question of the Chesa

peake, the language used by some persons on that occasion was deficient in self-respect; that foul and abusive terms come with propriety only from the mouths of prostitutes and cowards; that language addressed to fear, and not to justice implies, that we have to deal with scoundrels and cowards; that Great Britain cannot be bullied into submission; that those, who believe that a war with Great Britain would be feeble and harm less deceive themselves: it would be severe and bloody.'

We take the opportunity to close our remarks on this able production, by observing, that it con tains the best refutation of Mr. Madison's pamphlet on the right of Great Britain to take out her own seamen from the merchant ships of neutral nations, which we have seen from any quarter. It establishes in the clearest manner this right, as founded on the law of nations, and the right of selfpreservation. And at a moment, when we are threatened with war for the maintainance of Mr. Jefferson's unfounded claims on this subject, we earnestly recommend this part of this pamphlet to the serious attention of our fellow-citizens.

Adams & Rhoades: pp. 86. 8vo.

1807.

SWIFT somewhere remarks, for he remarks upon almost every thing, that," without encouragement of agriculture and thereby increasing the number of its people, any country, however blest by nature, must continue poor." Believing, as we do, the truth of this observation, we have witnessed with pleasure the exertions of the Agricultural Society to promote an improvement of their art among the farmers of Massachusetts. The "answers," composing the larger half of this tenth and last number of their papers, to “queries" some years since publickly proposed, show, that the labours of the Society have not been fruitless. In our opinion, the perusal of these queries and the annexed summary of replies, received from various parts of the country, will amply reward the cultivator for his trouble. The "extracts,” which fill the remaining pages of the pamphlet, though written on important subjects, and written well, yet, not being written in this country, and containing terms foreign to our ears, and alluding to modes of husbandry foreign to our practice, are not equally interesting to the American farmer. We cordially recommend to this respectable Society perseverance in their toils, and hope, that, by multiplying, in future publications, original papers, they will lay the community under still higher obligations to their zeal in advancing the most innocent, useful, and honourable of arts.

NEW WORKS. Admiralty Decisions, in the District Court of the United States for the Pennsylvania district; by the honour able Richard Peters: containing also. some decisions in the same court by the late F. Hopkinson, Esq. To which are added, cases determined in other districts of the United States: with an appendix containing the laws of Oleron, the laws of Wisbuy, the laws of the Hanse towns, the marine ordinances of Lewis 14, a treatise on the rights and duties of owners, freighters, and masters of ships, and mariners. and the laws of the United States relative to mariners. Collected and arranged by Richard Peters, jun. Esq. In two vols. Price 10 dolls. in boards, and 11 bound. Philadelphia, W. P. Farrand.

Report of the Proceedings of the late Jubilee at James-town, in commemoration of the 13th May, the second centisimal anniversary of the settle ment of Virginia. Norfolk, office of the Herald.

Elements of Natural Philosophy, arranged under the following heads: matter and motion, the universe, the solar system, the fixed stars, the earth considered as a planet, the atmosphere, meteors, springs, rivers, seas, fossils, plants, animals, the human frame, and the human understanding. Philad. J. P. Parke, price 50 cents.

The 6th Number of the Christian Monitor, by a Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, &c. 12mo. Bos ton, Munroe & Francis.

A Map of the city of New-York, with the recent and intended improvements, drawn from actual survey, by William Bridges, city surveyor. New York, I. Riley.

Peace without dishonour-War with out hope. Being a calm and dispassionate enquiry into the question of the Chesapeake, and the necessity and expediency of War. By a Yankee Farmer. Boston, printed by Greenough & Stebbins. 1807.

The British Treaty. 8vo.

A Sermon, preached in Brattle-street Church, Boston, September 25, 1807, before the managers of the Boston Fe.

male Asylum,on their seventh anniver sary. By Jedidiah Morse, D. D. min ister of the congregational church in Charlestown. 8vo. Boston, Russel & Cutler.

Serious and candid Letters to the Rev. Thomas Baldwin, D. D. on his book entitled, "The Baptism of Believers only, and the particular Communion of the Baptist Churches explained and vindicated." By Samuel Worcester, A.M. Salem, Cushing & Appleton,

"An Address pronounced at the visi tation of Mason's Hall, Boston, on the evening of August 11, A. L. 5807, in the presence of a numerous assembly of ladies and gentlemen, and a special convention of Mount Lebanon Lodge. By Bro. Benjamin Gleason, P. G. L. Boston, printed by Oliver & Munroe.

The Christian Ministry, the qualifi cation requisite for it, in duties, difficulties, encouragements, &c. consider. ed in two Sermons, delivered before the Church and Society, in the East parish of Bridgewater, Nov. 9, 1806, the second Sabbath after the author's ordination. By James Flint, A. M. pastor of the church in that place. 8vo. Boston, Russell & Cutler.

NEW EDITIONS.

Tour through Holland, along the right and left banks of the Rhine, to the south of Germany, in the summer and autumn of 1806: By Sir JohnCarr, author of the Stranger in Ireland, &c. 8vo. 301 pp. Philadelphia, Frye & Kammerer.

Observations on European Courts, and outlines of their politicks, &c. By Macall Medford, Esq. of America, during a residence of fourteen years in Europe, and upon his return to Amer ica. Philadelphia, Thomas Dobson.

The 2d vol, of Rollin's Antient History-and 3d of Doddridge's Family Expositor. 8vo. Boston, Etheridge

& Bliss.

The Beauties of Sterne; including many of his letters and sermons, all his pathetick tales, humourous descrip tions, and most distinguished observa tions on life. Boston, Andrews & Cummings. 18mo. pp. 328.

Letters of the late Lord Lyttleton, only son of the venerable George, Lord Lyttleton, and chief justice in Eyre, &c. &c. The first American edition, complete in one volume, 8vo. To which is now first added a memoir concerning the author, including an account of some extraordinary circumcumstances attending his death. Troy, N. Y. Wright, Goodenow, & Co.

WORKS IN THE PRESS. Letters from England, by Don Man. uel Alvarez Espriella. Translated from the Spanish. Boston, Munroe & Francis.

Select sermons of the Rev. Samuel Stillman, D. D. late pastor of the 1st baptist church in Boston. 8vo. Boston, Manning & Loring.

The American Reader, containing a selection of narration, harangues, addresses, dialogues, odes,hymns, poems, &c. designed for the use of schools; together with a short introduction By John Hubbard, Esq, professor of mathematicks and natural philosophy in Dartmouth college. Third edition. Thomas & Thomas, Walpole, N. H. & Wright, Goodenow, & Stockwell, Troy, N. Y.

Charlotte and Werter. 12mo. Boston, Andrews & Cummings.

Cruise's digest of the laws of England respecting real property, New York, I. Riley."

Tidd's practice, in one vol. 8vo. I. Riley.

Hill's Life of Hugh Blair, Philadelphia, James Humphries.

WORKS ANNOUNCED. Messrs. Thomas & Tappan and Samuel Bragg, jun, propose to publish by subscription, the philosophy of Nat. urai history. By William Smellie, member of the antiquarian and royal societies of Edinburgh' This work will be printed from the London quarto edition, and comprised in one octavo volume, on a superfine wove paper and

new type. It will be delivered to subscribers, neatly finished in boards, at 2 dollars and 25 cents or bound handsomely, at 2 dollars and 50 cents.

Messrs. John West, Oliver C.Greenleaf, and Edward Cotton, of this town, propose to publish by subscription, The Works of Dr. Samuel Johnson, with an Essay by Arthur Murphy, Esq. The work will be printed on a fine wove paper, with an entire new type, in 8 octavo volumes,of about 500 pages each. Pr. to subscribers $2 a vol. in boards.

Mr. James Humphries, of Philadelphia, intends shortly to publish Dallas's translation of the Life and Reign of Louis 16th, by Francis Hue.

The first volume of The Divine

Theory; a system of divinity, founded wholly upon Christ; which by one principle offers an explanation of all the works of God. By Joshua Spaldingl minister of the gospel of Jesus Christ. The volume will contain about 500 pages 8vo. $2 bound.

Proposals have been issued by Daniel Johnson, of Portland, Maine, for printing by subscription, the history of England, from the invasion of Julius Cæsar to the death of George the second, and from the accession of George the third to the conclusion of the peace of 1783, by Hume, Smollett, and 2 dollars and 50 cents a vol in boards. Adolphus, in 16 vols. royal 8vo. price

E. Sargeant, of New-York, has announced his intention of republishing Crutwell's Universal Gazetteer, in three large 8vo. volumes with an elegant 4to atlas.

Mr. Lemuel Blake, of this town, has issued proposals to publish an edition of the Plays of William Shakespeare, in 21 volumes, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators, revised and augmented by Isaac Reed, with a glossarial Index. It will be published in 42 numbers or halfvolumes, pp. 250 each, at 87 cents a number. A portrait of the author, with other engravings, will ornament the work.

Account of the Society for the establish

ment of a Literary Fund. THIS Institution, which may rank with the most useful and important in Great-Britain, had its origin in a Socie. y consisting principally of men of let.

ters, and from the following circum

stance :

In 1788, an event took place, which tarnished the character of English hu manity, and afflicted the friends of literature.