THR CHA P. XXII. Of PORTUGAL. HROUGHOUT the Portugal Dominions in general they keep their Accounts and Reckonings in Milreas and Reas, counting 1000 Reas to a Milrea, feparating the Milreas from the Reas thus 735 426, which is as much as to fay, 735 Milreas and 426 Reas. The Current Coins of Portugal are as follow, viz. In GOLD. Sterling. 1. s. d. The twenty-five Mill 600 Reas Piece worth 7 4 The twelve Mill, or 2 Moidore Piece The fix Mill 400 Reas Piece 3.12 376 1 16 The four Mill 800 Reas, or Moidore Piece 1 7 O 18 The two Mill 400 Reas, or Moidore Piece o 13 O 9 The one Mill 200 Reas, or Moidore Piece o 6 The 400 Reas, or Crown, or Cruisade Piece o I A Moidore, containing 480 Reas A Cruifade, or Moidore, 400 Reas A 100 Reas, or 5 Vintin Piece A 50 Reas, or 2 A Vintin Piece, Vintin Piece In COPPER. Ο ооо 4 2 2 2 100 They have some smaller Pieces of Copper among them, which do daily pass current in Portugal. Their Weights are but of one Sort, and they are divided as follows: 2 Drams is one Octavo, 8 Octavos is one Ounce, 16 Ounces is one Arrata or Pound; 32 Pound is an Arob, or Rove; and 4 Roves is a Quintal, or 128 Pound; a Rove is 16 Pound. They do alfo divide the above Ounce into Pennyweights and Grains, the fame Parts the Ounce Troy is divided into at London. N. B. The above Weights are between 3 and 4 per Cent. heavier than the London Avoirdupois. Their Long Measure. The firft is the Vara, or Vare, and is of the Length of an English Ell, 814 whereof, by curious Obfervation, has been found to make about 100 Yards. The other Measure is called a Cavida, and is of an English Yard. Their Measure for Wine, Oil, and all other Liquors. Their largest Measure is the Almuda, which contains 12 Cavadas; and they have Cavadas and Cavadas. They do alfo make use of Pots that hold a Gallon, and another that holds of a Gallon. The above Almuda holds 41⁄2 Gallons Winchester Measure. Corn and Salt Measure. They reckon 60 Alquies to a Moy, which contains about 3 English Quarters, and 2 Alquies is one English Buthel. The Courses of the Exchange of Portugal; whereof Lisbon and Oporto are the principal Places of Exchange. They give to London 1000 Reas for between 60 and 70 d. Sterling. Το t To Holland, throughout the 17 Provinces, and to Hamburgh, the Crown or Cruifade for between 40 and 60 d. Flemish. To Spain, an uncertain Number of Reas for the Ducat, or Piece of Eight. To France, between 400 and 500 Reas for the French Crown of Exchange. To Florence, between 500 and 600 Reas for the Crown of 7 Livres. To Genoa, the fame for one Scudi. To Leghorn, the fame for one Dollar of 6 Livres. When they exchange with France, it is commonly done by the Way of Amfterdam, Antwerp, or Hamburgh. To the Low Countries, by the Way of Lisbon, and from any other Place in Portugal, the Exchanges are the fame as at Lisbon and Oporto. TH CHA P. XXIII. Of SPAIN in general. HEIR Gold Coins are the Pistoles, and the Fractions of the fame. The Piftole is valued at 5 Piaftres, or 5 Dollars of 8 Rials, or at 4 Dollars of 10 Rials, which is at 40 Rials; and the other Gold Pieces are valued in Proportion. Their Silver Coins, &c. do chiefly confift in Piaftres, Rials or Reas, half Reas, Quartiles, and Marvedies. The old Piaftre is valued at 8 Rials, and the new one at 10 Rials of Plate. The Rial is 17 Quartiles, or 34 Marvedies; but in their cafting up they do ufually reckon but 16 Quartiles to a Rial. N. B. Two Rials of Veillon makes but one Rial of Plate, and there must be 16 Rials of Veillon to make one Piaftre of 8 Rials, and 20 to make one Piaftre of 10 Rials. Of the Spanish Piaftres, Pefo's, or Dollars, there are fix Sorts, viz. Old Sevil ones, New Sevil ones, Mexico, Peru, Pillar, and Crofs Dollars. 1. s. d. 18 1 17 2 6 The Old Sevil ones, and the Mexico rth 7 I 7 20 10 11 p.Ct. 3 13 -7p.Ct. 3 3 11/p.Ct. 73 N. B. The above Calculations are made according to the Weight of each Piece. In many Places in Spain they buy and fell fome Commodities only by Rials Old Plate; but then they are mostly obliged afterwards to reduce thofe Rials into Rials of New Plate, at fuch a certain Price as fhall be agreed upon between the Buyer and Seller, They keep their Accounts divers Ways, viz. 1. In Valencia, Alicant, Barcelona, Cartagena, and Saragoffa, they keep their Accounts in the Imaginary Ducat, reckoning as follows, viz. The The Valencia Ducat, at 21 Sols, or 10 Rials. The Barcelona ditto, at 24 Sols, or 12 Rials. The Saragoffa ditto, at 22 Sols, or II Rials. They have also had at Barcelona a Crown of 22 Sols of their Money; but this, and the Ducat (this laft being originally a Flanders Coin) is pretty much worn out of Date. None of the above Places have a constant Course of Exchange to London. 2. In Caftillia, and in moft of the Inland Towns and Cities in Spain, they keep their Accounts in Marvedies, feparating the rooths from the 1000ths the fame as they do in Portugal; and for Exchange they make Ufe of the Imaginary Ducat of 375 Marvedies. Their Crown or Cruifade of Gold is 400 Marvedies. They have alfo an Imaginary Coin, called a Caftilliano, with which they make all their Exchanges for Caftillia, and is valued at 485 Reas. 3. In Madrid, Cadiz, Gibraltar, Malaga, and all the Spanish Places of Trade in the Streights, Mediterranean, Africa, and the Weft-Indies, they keep their Accounts in Piaftres or Dollars, Rials, Half Rials, and Quartiles, reckoning 16 Quartiles to a Rial, and 8 Rials to á Dollar. Their Measure for Cloth is called a Barra or Varra, which is about 8 per Cent. shorter than an English Yard. Wine, and other Liquors, are measured by a Zambre, containing 4 Quartiles, which make very little more than 2 Englib Quarts. Salt is fold by the Fannaque, containing 16 Salamines; and 12 Salamines is one Fannaque for |