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Changes the mode 32: for what in me was purchas'd 33, thee in a more fairer sort;

Falls upon

So thou the garland wear'st successively 34.

Yet, though thou stand'st more sure than I could do,
Thou art not firm enough, since griefs are green:
And all thy friends, which thou must make thy friends,
Have but their stings and teeth newly ta'en out;
By whose fell working I was first advanc'd,
And by whose power I well might lodge a fear
To be again displac'd: which to avoid,

I cut them 35 off; and had a purpose now
To lead out many to the Holy Land;

Lest rest, and lying still, might make them look
Too near unto my state. Therefore, my Harry,
Be it thy course, to busy giddy minds

With foreign quarrels; that action, hence borne out,
May waste the memory of the former days.
More would I, but my lungs are wasted so,
That strength of speech is utterly denied me.
How I came by the crown, O God, forgive 36 !
And grant it may with thee in true peace live!
P. Hen. My gracious liege,

32 The mode is the state or form of things.

33 Purchas'd here signifies obtained by eager pursuit. It is from the French pourchas, and was sometimes so spelled when used to signify the obtaining of lands or honours by any other means than by title or descent. See Spelman's Glossary, in purchacia; and Minshew's Guide to the Tongues, in pourchas.

34 i. e. by order of succession. Johnson observes that 'every usurper snatches a claim of hereditary right as soon as he can. So did Richard Cromwell in his first speech to parliament:

For my own part being, by the providence of God, and the disposition of the law, my father's successor, and bearing the place in the government that I do,' &c.-Harleian Miscellany, vol. i. p. 21.

35 Mason proposes to read 'I cut some off,' which seems indeed necessary. The sense would then be, Some I have cut off, and many I intended to lead to the Holy Land.'

36 This is a true picture of a mind divided between heaven and earth. He prays for the prosperity of guilt, while he deprecates its punishment.

You won it, wore it, kept it, gave it me;

Then plain, and right, must my possession be: Which I, with more than with a common pain, 'Gainst all the world will rightfully maintain.

Enter PRINCE JOHN of Lancaster, WARWICK, Lords, and Others.

K. Hen. Look, look, here comes my John of Lancaster.

P. John. Health, peace, and happiness, to my royal father!

K. Hen. Thou bring'st me happiness, and peace, son John;

But health, alack, with youthful wings is flown
From this bare, wither'd trunk: upon thy sight,
My worldly business makes a period.-

Where is my lord of Warwick?

P. Hen.

My lord of Warwick! K. Hen. Doth any name particular belong Unto the lodging where I first did swoon? War. 'Tis called Jerusalem, my noble lord. K. Hen. Laud be to God!-even there my life must end 37.

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37 At length he recovered his speech and understanding, and perceiving himselfe in a strange place, which he knew not, he willed to know if the chamber had anie particular name, whereunto answer was made, that it was called Jerusalem. Then said the king, Lauds be given to the Father of Heaven, for now I know that I shall die here in this chamber, according to the prophesie of me declared, that I should depart this life in Jerusalem.'-Holinshed, p. 541.

The late Dr. Vincent pointed out a remarkable coincidence in a passage of Anna Comnena (Alexias, lib. vi. p. 162, ed. Paris, 1658), relating to the death of Robert Guiscard, king of Sicily, in a place called Jerusalem, at Cephalonia. In Lodge's Devils Conjured is a similar story of Pope Sylvester; but the Pope outwitted the Devil. And Fuller, in his Church History, b. v. p. 178, relates something of the same kind about Cardinal Wolsey, of whom it had been predicted that he should have his end at Kingston. Which was thought to be fulfilled by his dying in the custody of Sir William Kingston.

It hath been prophesied to me many years,
I should not die but in Jerusalem;

Which vainly I suppos'd, the Holy Land:-
But, bear me to that chamber; there I'll lie;
In that Jerusalem shall Harry die.

[Exeunt.

ACT V.

SCENE I. Glostershire. A Hall in Shallow's House.

Enter SHALLOW, FALSTAFF, BARDOLPH,

and Page.

Shal. By cock and pye1, sir, you shall not away to-night.What, Davy, I say!

Fal. You must excuse me, master Robert Shallow.

Shal. I will not excuse you; you shall not be excused; excuses shall not be admitted; there is

1 This adjuration, which seems to have been a popular substitute for profane swearing, occurs in several old plays. Thus in Soliman and Perseda, 1599:- By cock and pie and mousefoot.' In Wily Beguiled, 1606:- Now by cock and pie, you never spake a truer word in your life.' In The Two Angry Women of Abingdon, 1599:

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Merry go sorry, cock and pie, my hearts.'

By cock is supposed to be a corruption or disguise of the name of God in favour of pious ears: but the addition of pie has not yet been satisfactorily accounted for. It has been conjectured that it may be only a ludicrous oath by the common sign of an alehouse, The Cock and Magpie, or Cock and Pie, being a most ancient and favourite sign. It should appear from the following passage, in A Catechisme containing the Summe of Religion, by George Giffard, 1583, that it was not considered as a corruption of the sacred name. 'Men suppose that they do not offende when they do not sweare falsely; and because they will not take the name of God to abuse it, they sware by small things; as by cock and pie, by the mousefoot, and many such like.'

no excuse shall serve; you shall not be excused.Why, Davy!

Davy. Here, sir.

Enter DAVY.

Shal. Davy, Davy, Davy,-let me see, Davy; let me see:-yea, marry, William cook, bid him come hither. Sir John, you shall not be excused.

2

Davy. Marry, sir, thus;-those precepts cannot be served: and, again, sir,—Shall we sow the headland with wheat?

Shal. With red wheat, Davy. But for William cook: Are there no young pigeons?

Davy. Yes, sir.

-Here is now the smith's

note, for shoeing, and plough-irons.

Shal. Let it be cast3, and paid:-Sir John, you shall not be excused.

Davy. Now, sir, a new link to the bucket must needs be had;-And, sir, do you mean to stop any of William's wages, about the sack he lost the other day at Hinckley fair?

-Some pigeons,

Shal. He shall answer it:Davy; a couple of short-legged hens; a joint of mutton; and any pretty little tiny kickshaws, tell William cook.

Davy. Doth the man of war stay all night, sir? Shal. Yes, Davy. I will use him well; A friend i'the court is better than a penny in purse. Use

2 Precepts are warrants. Davy has almost as many employments as Scrub in The Beaux Stratagem.

3 i. e. cast up, computed.

4A friend in court is worth a penny in purse' is one of Camden's proverbial sentences. See his Remaines, 4to. 1605. So Chaucer, in his Romaunt of the Rose, ver. 5540:

'Friendship is more than cattel;

For friend in courte aie better is
Than peny is in purse, certis.'

his men well, Davy; for they are arrant knaves, and will backbite.

Davy. No worse than they are back-bitten, sir; for they have marvellous foul linen.

Shal. Well conceited, Davy. About thy business, Davy.

Davy. I beseech you, sir, to countenance William Visor of Wincot against Clement Perkes of the hill.

Shal. There are many complaints, Davy, against that Visor; that Visor is an arrant knave on my knowledge.

Davy. I grant your worship, that he is a knave, sir: but yet, God forbid, sir, but a knave should have some countenance at his friend's request. An honest man, sir, is able to speak for himself, when a knave is not. I have served your worship truly, sir, this eight years; and if I cannot once or twice in a quarter bear out a knave against an honest man, I have but a very little credit with your worship. The knave is mine honest friend, sir; therefore, I beseech your worship, let him be countenanced.

Shal. Go to; I say, he shall have no wrong. Look about, Davy. [Exit DAVY.] Where are you, Sir John? Come, off with your boots.-Give me your hand, master Bardolph.

5 Wilnecote, or Wincot, is a village in Warwickshire, near Stratford. The old copies read Woncot.

6 This is no exaggerated picture of the course of justice in Shakspeare's time. Sir Nicholas Bacon, in a speech to parliament, 1559, says, Is it not a monstrous disguising to have a justice a maintainer, acquitting some for gain, enditing others for malice, bearing with him as his servant, overthrowing the other as his enemy.' D'Ewes, p. 34. He repeats the same words again in 1571. Ib. 153. A member of the house of commons, in 1601, says, A justice of peace is a living creature, that for half a dozen chickens will dispense with a dozen of penal statutes,' &c.

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