Azores, The name of feveral islands in the Atlantic Ocean, fituated between 36 and 4 deg. N. Lat. and between 25 and 33 W. Long. Azotus or Afhdod, A city in Palestine, where Dagon had a temple. Azure, Blue, faint-blue. J. Azza for Gaza, A city of the Philistines. B B. Aalim, Lords, and Aftaroth, Flocks or Riches. These are properly named together, as they frequently are in Scripture; and there were many Baalim and Aftaroth. They were the general names of the Gods and Goddeffes of Syria and Palestine, and the neighbouring countries. It is fuppofed, that by them is meant the fun, and the host of heaven. Babel, i. e. Confufion, The tower fo called becaufe God then confounded the languages of thefe impious builders. Gen. xi. 1-10. Babylon. It was the ancient metropolis of Affyria; was formerly the largeft, nobleft, and moft magnificent city in the whole world; founded by Nimrod, but perfected by Semiramis. Modern travellers cannot now determine the place where it stood. Bacchus, The natural fon of Jupiter by Semele; the God of wine, because he first planted vines. Bactra, The chief city of Bactria, a province of Perfia, famous for its fruitfulness. Baleful, Sorrowful, fad. J. Ban, Interdiction. J. Bandite, A man outlawed. Barbaric, Foreign, far-fetched. 7. -Barbaric pearl and gold. B. ii. 4. In allufion to the custom used at the coronation of fome kings in the Eaft of fhowering gold and precious ftones upon their heads. And this pearl and gold is called Barbaric pearl and gold, after the manner of the Biferta, An ancient city of Barbary in Africa, fuppofed to be the fame with Utica. Bituminous, from bitumen, a fat unctuous matter dug out of the earth, or fcummed off lakes. Bizance or Byzantium, A city of Thrace, built by Paufanias captain of the Spartans. It was afterwards enlarged, and made the head of the oriental empire under Conftantine, and was called Conftantinople. It is now in the hands of the Turks. being won by Mahomet II. A. D. 1453. They call it Hamboul. Blanc from the French blanc, white. So Virgil calls the moon, candida luna, the white moon. Bland, Soft, mild, gentle. J. Blaze, To publish, to make known, J. Blithe, Gay, airy. J. Bocchus, the realm of, i. e. Mauritania, the fartheft part of Africa to the South. Bolt, An ancient word for arrow. Belt, To blurt out, to let fly without thinking. J. Born, Gay, merry. J. Bofky, Woody. Bfphorus, Gr. The paffage of an ox. A narrow paffage into the Euxine Sea by Conftantinople, through which Jafon paffed with much difficulty and danger Brand, P. L. 15. 643 A fword. Brando in Italian too fignifies a fword. The reafon of this denomination feems to be derived from hence; becaufe men fought with ftakes and fire-brands before arms were invented. Bourn, A bound, a limit. Briareos or Briareus, The fon of Titan, one of the giants. He was called by men Ægeon, and among the Gods, Briareus. Poets feign that he had an hundred hands, and fifty heads. Hence Virgil calls him centimanus Briareus, Æn. vi. 287. And Briareus with all his hundred hands. Brigad, A divifion of forces, a body of men. 7. Brigandine, A coat of mail. Brimmed Brimmed waves, Waves that rife to the brim or margin of the fhore. Brinded, Streaked, tabby. J. Budge, Stiff, formal. Bullion, Gold or filver in the lump unwrought. 7. Bulwark, 1. A fortification or citadel. 2. A fecurity. J. Burgher, One who has a right to certain privileges in this or that place. Bufiris, A molt cruel tyrant in Egypt nearly contemporary with Danaus in Greece. He has been fuppofed by fome, tho' erroneously, to be the fame with Pharaoh. Milton has followed that opinion, i. 307. Buxom, Flexible, yielding; from a Saxon word, to bend. C. Admus, The fon of Agenor, King of the Phoní Greece to look for his fifter Europa, whom Jupiter had stolen away in the fhape of a bull, and not being able to find her, he durft not return home, but staid among the Greeks, whom he taught the ufe of letters, and the way of making brafs. He founded Thebes in Boeotia; but afterwards, upon the account of fome misfortunes, being obliged, together with his wife Hermione, to quit it, they came into Illyria, where they were both changed into ferpents for having flain one facred to Mars, as we read in the fourth book of Ovid's Metamorphoses. Cecias, Gr. drawing evil, The North-west wind. Calabria, A country in the uttermoft part of Italy, towards the Mediterranean. Calv'd, Brought forth. It is a general word, and does not relate to cows only; but hinds are faid to calve in, Job xxxix. 1. and Pfal. xxix 3. and fo does not fall under Dr. Bentley's cenfure of it "as a metaphor 66 very 66 very heroical especially for wild beafts." Mr. Addifon particularly commends this metaphor, and the whole description of the beafts rifing out of the earth, as worthy of the genius of Milton, and the moft fhining part in the poem. Calumnious, Slanderous, falfely reproachful. J. Cambufcan, The Story of Cambufcan bold (Il Penferofo, 160.) He means Chaucer and his Squire's tale, wherein Cambufcan is King of Sarra in Tartary, and has two fons, Algarfife and Camball, and a daughter named Canace. This Tartar King receives a prefent from the King of Araby and Ind of a wondrous horfe of brass, that could tranfport him through the air to any place, and a fword of rare quality, and at the fame time his daughter Canace is prefented with a virtuous ring and glass; a glafs by which fhe could difcover fecrets and future events; and a ring by which she could understand the language of birds. This tale was either never finished by Chaucer, or part of it is loft. But Spenfer has introduced it, Book 4. Cant. 2. St. 32. . Camel, An animal very common in Arabia, Judea, and the neighbouring countries. It will continue ten days without water. Canaan, A part of Syria, fo called from Chanaan the fon of Ham by whom it was first inhabited ; the land promised to Abraham and his posterity, and to which he with his whole family went from the country of Chaldæa. Gen. xii. 5. Canopy, covering spread over the head. J. Caparison, A fort of cover for a horse. J. Cape of Good Hope, The moft fouthern promontory of Africa, where the Dutch have a good town and fort, the capital of their fettlements amongst the Hottentots, or country of Caffaria, extending 200 miles within land, and producing the most excellent wine, corn corn and fruits, to be met with any where, having great plenty of cattle, venifon, fish and poultry, and would be a very desirable place, was it not subject to ftorms in fummer and winter, more than any other part of the globe. Lat. 34. 15 S. Long. 20. 7. Caphtor, The Sons of Caphtor, Sam. Agonistes, 1713, i. e. the Philistines, who were originally of the island of Caphtor or Crete. The people were called Caphtorim, Cheretim, Ceretim, and afterwards Cretians. A Colony of them fettled in Palestine, and there went by the name of Philistines. Capitoline Jupiter, So called from the Capitol, his temple at Rome. Capricorn, a horned goat, One of the Twelve Signs of the Zodiac. The Tropic of Capricorn is the fun's fartheft progrefs fouthwards. Car, A chariot of war. J. Caravan, A troop or body of merchants or pilgrims, who meet at certain times and places, to put themfelves in a condition of defence from thieves, who ride in troops in feveral defert places upon the road. A Caravan is like an army, confifting ordinarily of five or fix hundred camels, and near as many horses, and fometimes more. This makes it the safest way of travelling in Turky and Perfia with the caravan, though indeed it goes flower than in lefs company, or with a guide alone, as fome will do. See Travels into Perfia, in Harris, Vol. ii. B. 2. C. 2. Carbuncle, A jewel shining in the dark. Carmel, A mountain in Judea, northward towards the fea. Carnage. 1. Slaughter, havock. 2. Heaps of flesh. J. Carol, A fong of devotion. J. Cafbin or Cafbeen, One of the greateft cities in Perfia, in the province of Agrach, formerly Parthia towards the Cafpian Sea, where the Perfian Monarchs made their refidence after the lofs of Tauris, from which it is distant 65 German miles. Carpathian's wizard's book, (Mafk, 892.) Proteus, who had |