except the musk, which comes later; honeysuckle, strawberries, bugloss, columbine, the French marigold, flos Africanus, cherrytree in fruit, ribes,' figs in fruit, rasps, vine flowers, lavender. in flowers, the sweet satyrian, with the white flower: herba muscaria, lilium convallium, the apple-tree in blossom. In July come gilliflowers of all varieties, musk roses, the lime-tree in blossom, early pears, and plums in fruit, gennitings,' quodlins.* In August come plums of all sorts in fruit, pears, apricocks," barberries, filberds,' musk melons, monks-hoods, of all colours. In September come grapes, apples, poppies of all colours, peaches, melocotones," nectarines, cornelians,' wardens," quinces. In October and the beginning of November come services," medlars, bullaces, roses cut or removed to come late, hollyoaks," and such like. These particulars are for the climate of London; but my meaning is perceived, that you may have ver perpetuum,” as the place affords. And because the breath of flowers is far sweeter in the air (where it comes and goes, like the warbling of music) than in the hand, therefore nothing is more fit for that delight, than to 2 Ribes. Currants. Rasps. Raspberries. Now will the corinths, now the rasps, supply Gennitings. Jennethings (June-eating; but supposed by some to be a corruption from Jeneton, being so called after a Scotch lady of that name). Quodlins. Codlins. 'Go bind thou up yon dangling apricocks, Which, like unruly children, make their sire Stoop with oppression of their prodigal weight.'-Shakespere. • Barberries. Filberds. Berberries. Melocotone. A large peach. Cornelians. Cherries. 10 Wardens. A large keeping pear. 'Now must all shoots of pears alike be set, Crustinian, Syrian pears, and wardens great.'-May's Virgil. "Services. A plant and fruit (Sorbus). 'October is drawn in a garment of yellow and carnation; in his left hand a basket of services, medlars, and other fruits that ripen late.'-Peacham. 12 Hollyoaks. Hollyhocks. Hollyoaks far exceed poppies for their durableness, and are far more ornamental.'-Mortimer. 19 A perpetual spring. know what be the flowers and plants that do best perfume the air. Roses, damask and red, are fast' flowers of their smells; so that you may walk by a whole row of them, and find nothing of their sweetness, yea,' though it be in a morning's dew. Bays, likewise, yield no smell as they grow, rosemary little, nor sweet marjoram; that which, above all others, yields the sweetest smell in the air, is the violet; especially the white double violet, which comes twice a-year-about the middle of April, and about Bartholomew-tide. Next to that is the musk rose; then the strawberry leaves dying, with a most excellent cordial smell; then the flowers of the vines-it is a little dust like the dust of a bent,' which grows upon the cluster in the first coming forth-then sweetbriar, then wall-flowers, which are very delightful to be set under a parlour or lower chamber window; then pinks and gilliflowers, especially the matted pink and clove gilliflowers; then the flowers of the lime-tree; then the honeysuckles, so they be somewhat afar off. Of beanflowers I speak not, because they are field flowers; but those which perfume the air most delightfully, not passed by as the rest, but being trodden upon and crushed, are three, that is, burnet, wild thyme, and water-mints; therefore, you are to set whole alleys of them, to have the pleasure when you walk or tread. For gardens (speaking of those which are, indeed, princelike,' as we have done of buildings), the contents ought not well to be under thirty acres of ground, and to be divided into three 'Fast. Tenacious. For behold this self-same thing 'Yet all this while in a most fast sleep.'-Shakespere. Yea. Nay; not only this, but more than this. that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, what clearing of yourselves, yea what indignation, yea what fear, yea what vehement desire, yea what zeal, yea what revenge.'-2 Cor. vii. 11. 'I am weary; yea my memory is tired.'-Shakespere. Bent. Bent-grass. His spear a bent both stiff and strong, And well near of two inches long.'—Drayton. 'June is drawn in a mantle of dark grass green upon a garland of bents, king-cups, and maiden-hair.'-Peacham. 4 This name probably comes from the old French gilofre, for girofle, a clove de rived from caryophyllus. Prince-like. Princely. "The wrongs he did me have nothing prince-like.'—Shakespere. parts; a green in the entrance, a heath or desert in the going forth, and the main garden in the midst, besides alleys on both sides; and I like well that four acres of ground be assigned to the green, six to the heath, four and four to either' side, and twelve to the main garden. The green hath two pleasures: the one, because nothing is more pleasant to the eye than green grass kept finely shorn; the other, because it will give you a fair alley in the midst, by which you may go in front upon a stately edge, which is to enclose the garden: but because the alley will be long, and, in great heat of the year, or day, you ought not to buy the shade in the garden by going in the sun through the green, therefore you are, of either side the green, to plant a covert alley, upon carpenters' work, about twelve feet in height, by which you may go in shade into the garden. As for the making of knots, or figures, with divers-coloured' earths, that they may lie under the windows of the house on that side on which the garden stands, they be but toys: you may see as good sights many times in tarts. The garden is best to be square, encompassed on all the four sides with a stately arched hedge; the arches to be upon pillars of carpenters' work, of some ten feet high, and six feet broad, and the spaces between of the same dimensions with the breadth of the arch. Over the arches let there be an entire hedge of some four feet high, framed also upon carpenters' work; and upon the upper hedge, over every arch, a little turret, with a belly' enough to receive a cage of birds: and over every space between the arches some other little figure, with broad plates of round coloured glass gilt, for the sun to play upon: but this hedge I intend to be raised upon a bank, not steep, but gently slope, of some six feet, set all with flowers. Also, I understand that this square of the garden should not be the whole 'Either. Each. See page 325. Divers-coloured. Of various colours. 'Smiling Cupids, With divers-coloured fans.'-Shakespere. Belly. See page 218. Slope. Sloping. 'Murmuring waters fall Down the slope hills, dispersed, or in a lake, That to the fringed banks, with myrtle crown'd, Her crystal mirror hoids, unite their streams.'-Milton. know what be the flowers and plants that do best perfume the air. Roses, damask and red, are fast' flowers of their smells; so that you may walk by a whole row of them, and find nothing of their sweetness, yea, though it be in a morning's dew. Bays, likewise, yield no smell as they grow, rosemary little, nor sweet marjoram; that which, above all others, yields the sweetest smell in the air, is the violet; especially the white double violet, which comes twice a-year-about the middle of April, and about Bartholomew-tide. Next to that is the musk rose; then the strawberry leaves dying, with a most excellent cordial smell; then the flowers of the vines-it is a little dust like the dust of a bent, which grows upon the cluster in the first coming forth-then sweetbriar, then wall-flowers, which are very delightful to be set under a parlour or lower chamber window; then pinks and gilliflowers, especially the matted pink and clove gilliflowers; then the flowers of the lime-tree; then the honeysuckles, so they be somewhat afar off. Of beanflowers I speak not, because they are field flowers; but those which perfume the air most delightfully, not passed by as the rest, but being trodden upon and crushed, are three, that is, burnet, wild thyme, and water-mints; therefore, you are to set whole alleys of them, to have the pleasure when you walk or tread. 4 For gardens (speaking of those which are, indeed, princelike,' as we have done of buildings), the contents ought not well to be under thirty acres of ground, and to be divided into three 1 Fast. Tenacious. 'Yet all this while in a most fast sleep.'-Shakespere. 2 Yea. Nay; not only this, but more than this. For behold this self-same thing that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, what clearing of yourselves, yea what indignation, yea what fear, yea what vehement desire, yea what zeal, yea what revenge.'—2 Cor. vii. 11. 'I am weary; yea my memory is tired.'-Shakespere. Bent. Bent-grass. 'His spear a bent both stiff and strong, And well near of two inches long.'-Drayton. 'June is drawn in a mantle of dark grass green upon a garland of bents, king-cups, and maiden-hair.'-Peacham. This name probably comes from the old French gilofre, for girofle, a clove derived from caryophyllus. 'The wrongs he did me have nothing prince-like.'-Shakespere. parts; a green in the entrance, a heath or desert in the going forth, and the main garden in the midst, besides alleys on both sides; and I like well that four acres of ground be assigned to the green, six to the heath, four and four to either side, and twelve to the main garden. The green hath two pleasures: the one, because nothing is more pleasant to the eye than green grass kept finely shorn; the other, because it will give you a fair alley in the midst, by which you may go in front upon a stately edge, which is to enclose the garden: but because the alley will be long, and, in great heat of the year, or day, you ought not to buy the shade in the garden by going in the sun through the green, therefore you are, of either side the green, to plant a covert alley, upon carpenters' work, about twelve feet in height, by which you may go in shade into the garden. As for the making of knots, or figures, with divers-coloured earths, that they may lie under the windows of the house on that side on which the garden stands, they be but toys: you may see as good sights many times in tarts. The garden is best to be square, encompassed on all the four sides with a stately arched hedge; the arches to be upon pillars of carpenters' work, of some ten feet high, and six feet broad, and the spaces between of the same dimensions with the breadth of the arch. Over the arches let there be an entire hedge of some four feet high, framed also upon carpenters' work; and upon the upper hedge, over every arch, a little turret, with a belly' enough to receive a cage of birds: and over every space between the arches some other little figure, with broad plates of round coloured glass gilt, for the sun to play upon: but this hedge I intend to be raised upon a bank, not steep, but gently slope, of some six feet, set all with flowers. Also, I under stand that this square of the garden should not be the whole 4 Slope. Sloping. 'Murmuring waters fall Down the slope hills, dispersed, or in a lake, That to the fringed banks, with myrtle crown'd, Her crystal mirror hoids, unite their streams.'-Milton. |