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and lay before him plans and measures for carrying on of that work.

"After a particular detail of these several matters, he proposed, with regard to the persons who should have lands assigned to them for planting, that they should be either the old Irish chieftains and inhabitants, or servitors of the Crown, or else English or Scots undertakers. Different allotments were made to each of these, and encouragement given to them all. Great indulgence was used to those of the first sort, among whom were not excepted even such Irish as had been engaged in Tyrone's rebellion, and were still discontented enough in their minds, in hopes to gain them by such an act of confidence and favour. Their under-tenants too and servants were allowed to be of their own country and religion, being exempted from the oath of supremacy, which those of the other planters were obliged to take, the British being only to make use of English or Scots, and the servitors, though permitted the service of natives, yet being confined to employ only Protestants. The servitors could not better recommend themselves to the King's further favours than by carrying on a work which he had so much at heart; and were of two sorts, either the great officers of state, whose power, dignity, and wealth added authority to the undertaking, and yielded assurance that it would be duly encouraged and supported by the government, or else the captains and officers of the army who had served in those parts during the war, and were to be seated in places of most danger and best advantage for his Majesty's service, and defence of the rest of the undertakers, as well on the seaside as within land. These were the fittest indeed for such a province; but as it appeared an hardship peculiar to them they were allowed from the Crown an entertainment and ward of men in such places to enable them to help themselves and perform the service, till the country was well settled and quietly planted, when that allowance was to cease, and they to be left to themselves as other undertakers. The English and Scots indeed were planted in places of the greatest safety. But lying under particular disadvantages, by reason of their being utterly destitute of all knowledge of the country, and of the proper ways to provide for themselves and their servants, they indulged the liberty of associating themselves with others who lived in it, and could assist them with advice, lodging, provisions, and other necessaries; and had a privilege of importing from Great Britain,

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custom free, whatever commodities and utensils might be of use in their plantation.

"The lands to be planted were divided into three proportions, the greatest of 2,000 English acres, the middle of 1,500, and the least of 1,000 each; and every county was set out into these proportions; the one half of it assigned to the smallest, and the other half divided between the two other proportions. Ireland had suffered enough by the granting vast tracts of country to particular persons; but by this method prudent care was taken that none should have too great scopes of land lying together, so as to make them too powerful for others, nor any have more than they were able to plant.

"In the distribution of these it was thought proper to avoid a mistake committed in the plantation of Ulster, where the Irish were mixed among the English in order to learn civility and good husbandry from them, but experience showed that they only learned to envy the fortunes of the English, and to long for the lands improved by their industry; and that they made use of the freedom of access which they had to their houses, and of conversations with their persons, only to steal their goods and plot against their lives. It was therefore deemed advisable to lessen this intercourse between the two people, and to plant them separately in different quarters; the Irish in some one place of the plainest ground of their own country, and the British by themselves in places of the best strength and command, as well for their greater security as to preserve the purity of the English language, which was likewise one of the reasons why they were forbid to marry or foster with the Irish. And this general rule being observed, the several proportions were, to prevent disputes among the undertakers for preference and choice of lands, distributed to them by lot.

"The King granted estates to all to be held by them and their heirs; the undertakers of 2,000 acres held of him in capite, those of 1,500 by knight's service, as of the castle of Dublin, and those of 1,000 in common soccage. The first were in four years obliged to build a castle and bawn, the second in two years a strong stone or brick house and bawn, and the last a bawn; timber for that purpose, as well as for their tenants' houses, being assigned them out of the King's woods. The first were obliged to plant on their lands, within three years, forty-eight able men, eighteen years old and upwards, born in England or the inland parts of Scotland to

be reduced to twenty families, to keep a demesne of six hundred acres in their hands, to have four fee-farmers on a hundred and twenty acres each, six leaseholders on a hundred acres each, and on the rest eight families of husbandmen, artificers, and cottagers; the others were under the like obligations proportionably, and they were all within five years to reside in person on some part of the premises, and to have store of arms in their houses. They were not to alienate any of their lands without a royal license, nor set them at uncertain rents, or for a less term than for twenty-one years, or three lives; and their tenants were to live in houses, not in cabins, and to build their houses together in towns and villages. They had power to erect manors, to hold courts baron, to create tenures, with liberty of exporting and importing timber, and other privileges, which were likewise extended to the natives, whose estates were granted them in fee-simple, and held in soccage, but with no obligation on any to erect castles or build strong houses. These were not thought proper for the residence of persons who might well be deemed willing to arrogate to themselves all the power that had been formerly usurped or exercised by the Irish chiefs; to guard against which they were restrained from having tenants at will, they were enjoined to set their lands at rents certain for the like terms as the undertakers, and were to take no chief rents, cuttings, or other Irish exactions from their undertenants, who were obliged to leave their creating (or run up and down the country with their cattle from place to place for pasture) and to dwell in towns, and use the English manner of tillage and husbandry. In this manner and under these regulations were the escheated lands in Ulster disposed of to a hundred and four English and Scots undertakers, fifty-six servitors, and two hundred and eighty-six natives, all which gave bond to the Government for performance of covenants, for the better assurance whereof the King required a regular account to be sent to him from the State, of the progress made by each undertaker in the plantation.”

ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA.

Page.

23, No. 10, date in margin, for "18 June" read "28 June."

75, line 8, for "one journey" read "our journey."

77, line 23, for " Sir John Dumonde" read "Sir John Drumonde."

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line 33, for "Lo. Uchelrie " read "Lo. Ucheltrie."

85, line 9 from bottom. (Qy.,) for "2nd 20s." read " 2nd 201."

106, line 25, for "rents substracted" read "rents subtracted."

157, line 3 from bottom, for "hroseman" read "horsemen."

159, line 18, for "pannels " read "panels."

190, line 18 from bottom, for "10 Oct. 1811" read "10 Oct. 1611."

235, line 11 from bottom, for "Lieut. Pomes" read "Lieut. Pointes."

247, for "sine plus sine minus" read "sive plus sive minus" in two instances, and

repeated on p. 250.

253, col. 2, line 5, for "erected lands"? read "evicted lands."

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3rd col., for "Mr. Frenchard" read "Mr. Trenchard."

255, 1st col., for "Thane Beacher " read "Phane Beacher."

307, line 15 from top, add comma after fools, and omit after reason. 334, No. 175, in heading, for "Clapton " read "Clopton."

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