meuyed ayenst them and sente them a grete pestelence, which was called the Botche of impedymye, and that was cruell and sodayne, and caused peple to dye in goyng by the waye, in pleying, in leeyng atte table, and in spekyng one with another sodeynly they deyed. In this manere somtyme snesyng they deyed; so that whan any persone was herd snesyng, anone they that were by said to hym, God helpe you, or Cryst helpe, and yet endureth the custome. And also whan he sneseth or gapeth he maketh to fore his face the signe of the crosse and blessith hym. And yet endureth this custome. Golden Legende, edit. 1483, fo. xxi. b.

Kentish Town.

F. SOMNER MERRYWEATHER.

Abbot of Croyland's Motto (Vol. v., p. 395.).— MR. FORBES is quite correct with regard to the motto of Abbot Wells, which should be Benedicite Fontes Domino." The sentence, "Bless the Wells, O Lord!" which is placed in so awkward a juxtaposition with it, is really a distinct motto for the name of Wells, and, so far from being a translation of the abbot's, is almost an inversion of it; and this should, as MR. FORBES justly remarks, have had " some editorial notice" from me.

M. A. LOWER. Derivation of the Word "Azores" (Vol. v., p. 439.). The group of islands called the Azores, first discovered in 1439, by Joshua Vanderburg, a merchant of Bruges, and taken possession of by the Portuguese in 1448, were so named by Martin Behem, from the Portuguese word Açor, a hawk; Behem observing a great number of hawks there. The three species most frequently seen now are the Kestril, called Francelho; the Sparrowhawk, Furobardo; and the Buzzard, Manta; but whether very numerous or not, I am unable to state. From the geographical position of these islands, correct lists of the birds and fishes would be of great interest, and, as far as I am aware, are yet wanting.

Martin Behem found one of these islands covered with beech-trees, and called it therefore Fayal, from the Portuguese word Faya, a beech-tree. Another island, abounding in sweet flowers, he called Flores, from the Portuguese, Flor, a flower. Terceira, one of the nine islands forming the group, is said to have been so called, because, in the order of succession, it was the third island discovered (from Ter and ceira, a bank). Graciosa, as a name, was conferred upon one of peculiar beauty, a sort of paradise. Pico derived its name from its sugar-loaf form. The raven found at Madeira and the Canary Islands is probably also a native of the Azores, and might have suggested the Portuguese name of Corvo for one of the nine. St. Mary, St. Michael, and St. George complete the names of the group, of which St. Michael is the largest, and Corvo the smallest.

Rider Street.

WM. YARRELL.

It is the word used in the Irish Bible at Matt. xxi. 33., "he let it out to husbandmen”. tug se do scologaibh ar chios i.

I

may also mention that the name Mac Scoloige is very common in the co. Fermanagh in Ireland, where it is very generally anglicised Farmer, according to a usual practice of the Irish. Thus it is not uncommon even now to find a man known by the name of John or Thomas Farmer, whose father or grandfather is John or Thomas Mac Scoloige, the name Mac Scoloige signifying "son of a farmer."

The Scologlandis, in the documents quoted by G. J. R. G., must therefore have taken their name from the scologs or farmers, by whom they were cultivated, unless we suppose that they were anciently the patrimony of some branch of the family of Mac Scoloige, whose remains are now settled in Fermanagh.

In Scotland the word is now usually written sgalag, and is explained by Armstrong in his Gaelic Dictionary 66 a farm servant." And the

word does certainly seem to have been used in ancient Irish to denote a servant or menial attendant, although the notion of a farm servant seems to have grown out of its other significations. Thus in a very ancient historical romance (probably as old as the ninth or tenth century), which is preserved in the curious volume called Leabhar breac, or Speckled Book, in the library of the Royal Irish Academy, the word scolog is used to designate the servant of the Abbot of St. Finbar's, Cork. J. H.T.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

If there be any one class of documents from which, more than from any other, we may hope to draw evidence of the accuracy of Byron's assertion, that "Truth is strange, stranger than fiction!" they are surely the records of judicial proceedings both in civil and criminal matters; while, as Mr. Burton well observes in the preface to the two volumes which have called forth this remark, Narratives from Criminal Trials in Scotland, "there can be no source of information more fruitful in incidents which have the attraction of picsubmitting therefore to the public the materials of this turesqueness, along with the usefulness of truth." In

nature-some drawn from manuscript authorities, some

again from those works which, being printed for Subscription Clubs, may be considered as privately printed, and inaccessible to the majority of readers—which had accumulated on his hands while in the pursuit of other inquiries connected with the history of Scotland, Mr.

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FOR

Journal of the Expenses of John, King of France, in England, 1359-60

Way of indicating Time in Music

Page

505

507

Minor Notes: A smart Saying of Baxter - Latin Hexameters on the Bible- Ancient Connexion of Cornwall and Phoenicia - Portrait of John Rogers, the Proto-Martyr" Brallaghan, or the Deipnosophists" Stilts used by the Irish

507

508

508

509

Minor Queries: - Owen, Bishop of St. Asaph - St. Wilfrid's Needle in Yorkshire - Governor of St. Christopher in 1662- The Amber Witch-Coffins for General Use The Surname Bywater Robert Forbes Gold Chair found in Jersey - Alteration in Oxford Edition of the Bible - When did Sir Gilbert Gerrard die ?-Market Crosses Spy WednesdayPassemer's "Antiquities of Devonshire"- Will o' Wisp Mother of Richard Fitzjohn. Quotations wanted-Sons of the Conqueror: William Rufus and Walter Tyrell - Brass of Lady Gore

MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:-Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire - Origin of Terms in Change-ringing Keseph's Bible-Proclamations to prohibit the Use of Coal, as Fuel, in London

REPLIES:

Addison and his Hymns, by J. H. Markland

Witchcraft: Mrs. Hickes and her Daughter, by James Crossley

Dodo Queries, by J. M. van Maanen

The Heavy Shove

Ground Ice, by William Bates

Character of Algernon Sydney, by S. Walton

Monument to the Memory of Mary Queen of Scots at Antwerp

Lord King; the Sclaters; Dr. Kellet, &c.

Birthplace of St. Patrick

Replies to Minor Queries: -Cabal - Portrait of Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough-The Word "Oasis" Frightened out of his Seven Senses Eagles' Feathers-Arms of Thompson Spick and Span-new -Junius Rumours-Cuddy, the Ass-The Authorship of the Epigram upon the Letter "H"- John Rogers, Protomartyr, &c." Gee-ho"- Twises- Ancient Timber Town-halls-Johnny Crapaud -Juba Issham Optical Phenomenon - Bishop of London's House -"Inveni Portum"-"Cane Decane "- Fides Carbonarii The Book of Jasher Sites of Buildings mysteriously changed-Wyned- Sweet Willy O

MISCELLANEOUS :

Notes on Books, &c.

Books and Odd Volumes wanted

Notices to Correspondents
Advertisements

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Notes.

JOURNAL OF THE EXPENSES OF JOHN, KING OF

FRANCE, IN ENGLAND, 1359-60.

Possibly some of the readers of "N. & Q." may remember that King John II. of France was taken prisoner by Edward the Black Prince at the battle of Poitiers, fought September 20, 1356. If not, I would refer them to the delightful pages of old Froissart, where, in the version of Lord Berners, they will see chronicled at length,—

"How Kyng John of Fraunce was taken prisoner at the Batayle of Poycters; how the Englyshmen wan greatly thereat, and how the Prince conveyed the Frenche Kyng fro Burdeaux into Englande."

I am induced to bring under the notice of your readers a curious roll, containing one year's expenditure (July 1, 1359, to July 8, 1360) incurred by the French king during his captivity in England. This important document has been very recently printed in the Comptes de l'Argenterie, and edited from a MS. in the Bibliothèque Nationale by M. Douët d'Arcq for the Société de l'Histoire de France. It may perhaps be well to state, that after the battle of Poitiers the heroic Prince Edward conducted his royal prisoner to Bordeaux, where he remained till the end of April, 1357. On the 24th of May following they both made their entry into London, "the Frenche Kynge mounted on a large whyte courser well aparelled, and the Prince on a lytell blacke hobbey (haquenée) by hym." John was lodged at first at the Savoy Palace, but was removed shortly afterwards to Windsor Castle, at which place he was allowed to "go a huntynge and a haukynge at hys pleasure, and the lorde Phylyp his son with him." The document in question refers to the years 1359 and 1360, when the king was confined at Hertford Castle, at Somerton Castle in Lincolnshire, and lastly in the Tower of London. As this document, which is so intimately connected with a favourite portion of our history, has, I be524 lieve, received no notice from any English journal, and as it moreover affords many valuable illustrations of domestic manners, and of the personal character of the royal captive, I have made a few extracts from it for insertion in "N. & Q.,” in the

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VOL. V. No. 135.