Her figure is engraved on a brass plate, and the following in scription is preserved on the fillet:

"Ici gist Dame Katharine, duchesse de Lancastre jadys femme de la tres noble & tres gracious prince John duc de Lancaster; fils au tres noble roy Edward le tierce. La quelle Katherine moreult le x jour de May l'an de grace mil. cccc. tierz. De quelle almes Dieu eyt mercy & pitee." Amen.

At the foot of the above is another monument, to the memory of Joan Countess of Westmoreland. She was only daughter of John of Gaunt, by the above wife, and was also interred here in November 1440. Attached to a monument of grey marble, on a fillet of brass, was this inscription;

"Filia Lancastr. ducis inclyta, sponsa Johann's
Westmorland primi subjacet his comitis.

Desine, scriba, suas virtutes promere nulla

Vox valeat merita vix reboare sua.

Stirpe, decore, fide, tum fama, spe, prece, prole,
Artibus & vita polluit immo sua.

Natio tota dolet pro morte. Deus tulit ipsam
In Bricü festo, M. quater C. quater X."

In the south aile were twenty-four monuments; among which were those to Bishops Repingdon, Gravesend, and Grosthead. In our lady's chapel was a marble altar monument, or cenotaph, with the figure of a queen, and on the edge, in Old English characters, this inscription:

"Hic sunt, sepulta viscera, Alianore quondam Regine
Anglie Uxoris Regis Edwardi fili Regis Henrici cujus

Anime Proprietur Deus. Amen. + Pater noster.”

:

On the north side of the same chapel were two curious tombs. of freestone, arched and carved. One of those, with the figure

of a man in armour, Mr. Sanderson supposes was intended for Sir John Tiptoft, in the time of Edward the Third. Under the small east window is a chantry founded by Nicholas Lord Cantalupe. In this under a lofty pinnacled canopy, is an altar tomb of speckled marble, ascended by steps, having three large shields on the sides, with the figure of a man, armed as a knight, designed for the said Lord Cantalupe. And another under a like canopy, with a figure in his robes, to the memory of Dean Wymbish. At the east end of this chantry is a flat stone, with the brasses gone, to the memory of Lady Joan Cantalupe. In the centre of the east end is a chantry, which was founded by Edward the First, wherein the bowels of his Queen Eleanor were interred.

"BARTHOLOMEW LORD BURGHERSH, brother to the bishop of that name, lies opposite to him in the north wall of what was Borough's, or rather Burgherst's, or St. Catharine's chapel, on a tomb under a canopy; his figure in freestone, in armour; at his feet a lion; under his head a helmet, from which issues à lion on his side, like another with two tails, on a shield held over his head by two angels. On the front of the tomb, over six archies which have formerly held twelve figures, are twelve coats *."

a

"On the north side of the lady chapel, or rather on the south side of St. Catharine's or Borough's chapel, north of the other, at the feet of Bishop Burghersh, is an altar tomb, without canopy or figure. The cover is made up of two flat blue slabs, the uppermost and largest seemingly reversed, and the other a fragment of grey slab once charged with a brass shield and ledge; neither of which seemed to have belonged to this tomb originally. On the north side are five arches with ten figures of men and women all buttoned with roses, (one man holding a scroll), and all stand-✨ ing in pairs, and in the spandrils of each arch over them these coats beginning from the east." Mr. G. particularly describes the arms; gives the various conjectures which have been formed of the person for whom this monument was intended, and concludes

cludes" Notwithstanding the various opinions about this tomb, it is most probable it was erected for John Lord Welles, who died thirty-fifth of Edward the Third, 1361, seized of vast possessions in the county of Lincoln*."

In the aile, on the south side of the choir, is the pedestal of a monument, which Stukeley supposed to have been formerly the shrine of St. Hugh, the Burgundian, and in his Itinerarium Curiosum he has given an engraving of a raised altar tomb, with an elegant pinnacled shrine, of a pyramidal shape, under this name. But Mr. Lethieulier, in the first volume of the Archæologia, observes, that no instance occurs of a saint having two shrines dedicated to him in the same church.

The imputation of the Jews having from time to time crucified children has been, by Rapin and some other historians, considered as an unfounded calumny. It is mentioned, however, by Mathew Paris, an historian of veracity, who was unlikely to be deceived as to an event which happened during his life time. The fact is established, Mr. Lethieulier thinks, beyond all contradiction, by a commission from the king to Simon Passeliere and William de Leighton, to seize for the kings use the houses belonging to the Jews, who were hanged at Lincoln for crucifying a child, &c.

Many defaced monuments, and others which had lost both figures and inscriptions, were taken up during the new paving, and are intended to be placed in the ailes of the choir, or in the cloisters. On the north side of, and connected with the cathedral, is the CLOISTERS, of which only three sides remain in the original state. Attached to the eastern side is the CHAPTER HOUSE, a lofty elegant structure. It forms a decagon, nineteen yards in diameter, the groined roof of which is supported by an umbilical pillar, consisting of a circular shaft, with ten small fluted columns attached to it; having a band in the centre, with foliated capitals. From this the groins issue, resting on small columns on each side. One of the ten sides forms the entrance, which is of the same altitude as the Chapter House. In the

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* Gough, Sep. Mon. Vol. I. Part II. p. 111, 113.

other

other sides are nine windows, having pointed arches with two lights each. Seven of these have five arcades beneath each; and under the two others are four.

The Library over the north side of the cloister was built by Dean Honeywood, whose portrait by Hanneman is still here preserved. In this room is a large collection of books, with some curious specimens of Roman antiquities: One is a red glazed Urn, having at the bottom the maker's name, DONATVS, F. Also several fragments of pottery, among which are many urns and vessels of various construction, A very large one of baked earth, unglazed, is of a roundish shape, with a short narrow neck, to which are affixed two circular handles. It is one foot four inches in diameter, and two feet four inches in height. There is also a very curious glass phial, of a bluish green colour, with a handle near the mouth: it is three inches diameter, by nine inches and a half high. Its contents consist of pieces of bones of too large a size ever to have been put in through the present aperture. This circumstance has excited much surprize; but it would hence appear probable, that in some instances, the Romans, after they had blown the vessel, and deposited the sacred relics, again heated the glass, and gave the upper part of it the requisite shape.

The Officers belonging to this cathedral are the Bishop, Dean, Precentor, Chancellor, Subdean, six Archdeacons, fifty-two Prebendaries, four Priest-Vicars, five Lay-Clerks, or Singing-men, an Organist, seven Poor Clerks, four Choristers, and six Burghirst Chanters." The dean is elected by the chapter upon the king's letters recommendatory; and upon the election being certified to the bishop, he is instituted into the office of dean, and collated to some vacant prebend, to entitle him to become a residentiary. The precentor, chancellor, and subdean, are under the patronage of the bishop, and by him collated to their several dignities. To the precentorship and chancellorship, prebends are annexed, And when the subdean is collated, if he is not already a preben dary, the bishop confers on him a vacant prebend; and by

the

the statutes of the church, the above dignitaries, being prebendaries, are of course residentiaries

Of the Monastic Institutions, which owed their origin to the pious sentiments of the early ages, some account has been given in the enumeration of religious houses. The disposition of the English seems, naturally, or politically, adapted to religion; and, at a very early period, christianity met with a favorable reception; made a rapid progress, and exhibited in its converts more zeal, and retained its fervor longer in this kingdom than in any other: upon which account England merited the appellation it received, "The Isle of Saints." Besides monasteries, nunneries, and other buildings erected for pious uses, Lincoln could boast of more than fifty churches; most of these, however, by the obliterating hand of time, exist only upon record, and the dilapidated state of others tend to remind the reflecting traveller, that devotion was more the characteristic of former, than of the present times. Exclusive of the cathedral, eleven churches+ only now remain,

*Bacon's Liber Regis.

and

† According to Leland's statement, "There be in the north part of the town, upon the hill, 13 paroche churches yet used; I saw a roll, wherein I counted that there were xxxviii paroche churches in Lincoln." In another part he says, "there goith a commune fame, that there were ons 52 paroche churches yn Lincoln citie, and the suburbs of it." In the lower part of the town, called by him Wikerford, he says, "there are xi paroche churches, one there I saw in clepe ruine, beside the other xi."-Since that period. many have fallen into decay, and some have been rebuilt. But as very erroneous statements have been made, in works professing to furnish authentic accounts of the present state, &c. of places, especially in the list of parishes contained in Carlisle's Topographical Dictionary, it will be proper to give the following more accurate list of churches and parishes in Lincoln :--All Saints, in the close, a vicarage; All Saints, Hungate; St. Andrew's, Danegate, St. Andrew's, by the palace; St. Andrew's, Wigford; St. Anne's, Thorngate; St. Augustine's; St. Baron's; St. Bartholomew's, a curacy; St. Clement's, in the bail, a vicarage; St. Clement's, Butterwick; St. Cross's; St. Cuthbert's, near Dewstone; St. Dennis's; St. Edmund's; St. Edward's; St.

Faith's;