neath.-507. Jura-legesque

Gr. 414 and 3.

a constitution and laws. Jura

=

are principles of law, leges special enactments.-508. Partibus. A. & S. 247 and 2. Sorte. Gr. 414 and 4. A. & S. 247 and 3. The common phrase is sortem trahere. — 509. Concursu. probably the throng of Carthaginians collecting around them. Gr. 414 and 3. A. & S. 247 and 2. — 510. Anthea. See on v. 181. Cloanthum Cf. v. 222. Sergestus is mentioned for the first time. -512. Penitus = = far away. Oras. Gr. 379. 4 A. & S. 237, R. 5 (c). 513. Obstupuit - metuque both he himself and Achates were at the same instant struck dumb both with joy and fear. Perculsus (for which most editions have percussus) is a participle, used as a synonyme of obstupuit, the ablatives referring to both words. On simul ... simul comp. V. 675. Obstupuit and perculsus refer of course to both subjects. Gr. 463. I.; 439. A. & S. 209, R. 12, N. 9; 205, R. 2, Ex. — 514. Avidi should be taken closely with ardebant, as if it were avide. 515. Res—incognita is explained by the questions in vv. 517 foll. — 516. Dissimulant = they repress their emotions. Cava = enshrouding. Speculantur = they watch (to discover); i. e. as from a secure place of observation. -517. Fortuna; sc. sit. — 518. Quid. Gr. 380. 2. A. & S. 232 (3). Cunctis... navibus; join with lecti. 519. Orantes veniam = to sue for favor; i. e. for the favors specified in v. 525. The use of the pres. part. to express purpose is unusual. Cf. scitantem, II. 114 Gr. 578. V. A. & S. 274, R. 2 (a). — 520. Introgressi; sc. sunt. 521. Maximus; sc. natu. - 522. Condere. See on v. 66.523. Gentes... superbas; i. e. the neighboring barbarians of Africa, not the Carthaginians, to whom gentes would not be applicable. Maria-vecti= borne over all seas. Maria may be governed by per understood, or may be referred to Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. — 525. Infandos; i. e. so horrible as to be unutterable. The Carthaginians were treating the Trojans as pirates. — 526. Pio. See on pietas, v. 10. Propius = more closely. — 527. Populare... vertere. Gr. 553. V. A. & S. 271, N. 3. Penateshomes. Gr. 705. II. A. & S. 324. 2. 528. Raptas... vertere =rapere et vertere. See on v. 69. Vertere avertere. Cf. v. 472. — 529. Non-animo=such violence belongs not to our nature (pio generi, v. 526). Superbia = audacity, daring. =530. For the construction comp. v. 12 and note. Hesperiam. Gr. 373. A. & S. 230. Cognomine. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. 1. — - 532. Oenotri; said to be so called from Oenotrus, a king of Arcadia, who planted a colony in the south of Italy. Fama. Gr. 362. A. & S. 210. — 533. Dixisse. Gr. 549. A. & S. 269. Ducis; i. e. Italus, a fabulous king of Italy. Such names, derived from the country, but said to give name to it, are called eponymous. Gentem; the nation, for

=

=

=

the land. 534. Hic cursus fuit this was our course. Some editions have huc, but it does not rest on so good authority as hic, Such unfinished lines are often met with in the Aeneid. See Life. -535. Subito fluctu= rising with a sudden swell. Adsurgens is intended to combine the rising of the star and the rising of the wave. For adsurgens fluctu in the latter sense comp. G. I. 160 and note. Nimbosus; because the rising, and also the setting, of the constel. lation of Orion was believed to be accompanied with storms. The rising is about midsummer, which agrees with the time here, v. 756. — 536. Caeca = latentia. Penitus. See on v. 512. Procacibus boisterous. Austris; for ventis. See on v. 108. — 537. Superante salo the sea overpowering (us). Cf. vicit hiems, v. 122.538. Pauci; i. e. a poor remnant compared with, the whole. CL VI. 744. Adnavimus = drifted, floated. Cf. IV. 613; VI. 358. Vestris... oris is epexegetical of huc. See on E. I. 54-539. Quod genus = what sort of a race; quod inquiring after the char acter rather than the name. Quae... tam barbara... permittit. See on G. II. 315. Patria morem permittit is equivalent to terra morem sibi proprium permittit. See on G. I. 52. 540. There is a pathetic force in hospitio: we are barred even from the welcome refuge which the shore gives the shipwrecked man. — -541. Bella cient; referring to the guards which Dido stationed on the shore to prevent strangers from landing. See v. 564. Prima... terra=on the edge of the land; i. e. on the shore. Gr. 441. 6. A. & S. 205, R. 17.543. At nefandi = yet at least fear the gods, who res member the righteous and the unrighteous deed. Spero in the sense of look for, expect, apprehend, is chiefly confined to poetry. Cf. IV. 419. There is no occasion to understand fore after deos. Fandi atquè nefandi = fas atque nefas.-544. Rex nobis = Aeneas was our king; not, we had a king called Aeneas; which would imply that Aeneas was unknown. Gr. 390 and 2. A. & S. 227 and R. 4 Quo

=

and

alter; sc. neque. Gr. 417. A. & S. 256. 2. 545. Pietate... bello. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. I. So officio, v. 548.546. Vesci. tur enjoys, breathes. Aura aetheria is the upper air as contrasted with the lower world (crudelibus umbris). — 547. Umbris. Gr. 422 and 1. A. & S. 254, R. 3.- 548. Non metus; sc. nobis; i. e. if our king is safe, we have no cause of fear. This inter pretation is in harmony with v. 562. Officio - poeniteat may you not repent of having taken the lead in the rivalry of good deeds. Certasse, like poeniteat, assumes that Dido has already done what Ilioneus asks her to do. — 549. Et = moreover, besides. It is difficult to determine the exact point of this sentence, as et may mean, besides Aeneas, we have other protectors who may receive us and repay you, or, besides Carthage, we have other cities where we may

settle, and are not come to intrude on you, or lastly, besides Italy, we have another chance if our hopes there are gone. The last would accord with the remainder of the speech, which dwells on the two courses open to them, that of fulfilling their Italian destiny should Aeneas be alive, or that of settling in Sicily should he and his heir be dead. - 550. Armaquê. Arvaque is the common reading. A sanguine; without a participle or word indicating origin, V. 299. -551. Liceat = permit (us). Subducere is opposed to deducere, to launch. 552. Silvis. Gr. 422 and 1. A. & S. 254, R. 3. Stringere remos; i. e. to clear branches or trees of their leaves and twigs for oars. Cf. G. II. 368. — 553. Construe ut — petamus before si datur, etc. Italiam. See on v. 2.-555. Pater optime. Cf. V. 358. — 556. Speš... Iuli; not the hope of the kingdom entertained by Iulus, but the hope of manhood supplied or afforded by Iulus. Iuli is an objective gen. Cf. IV. 274; VI. 364. — 557. At ...saltem = yet at least. Sicania; ì. e. Sicilia. Sedesque pa ratas; opposed to those which they would have yet to build. Cf. IV. 75.-558. Unde huc advecti. See on v. 34. Regem - Acesten; i. e. seek a king in Acestes, in place of Aeneas. 559. Talibus; sc. verbis. The omission of the verb of saying is so common in the Aeneid and the supply is so easily made, that no further notice need be taken of it. Cuncti-fremebant; repeated at V. 385, where, as here, simul means not that they shouted all together, which is expressed by cuncti, but that they shouted assent to the speaker. 560. Dardanidae; the Trojans. See on Troja, v. 1. -561. Vul tum. Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. — 562. Corde. Gr. 425. 3. 2). A. & S. 251.-563. Res dura=my hard case; i. e. the difficulty she had in keeping her ground on a hostile territory, and her fears from her brother. — 564. Moliri implies effort. See on G. I. 329. Here it intimates the reluctance with which she had recourse to such expedients. Custode; for custodibus, as often miles, eques, pedes, remex, etc. for their respective plurals. Cf. II. 20, 495. — 565. Nesciat. Gr. 486. II. A. & S. 260, R. 5.—566. Virtutes= gallant deeds. — 567. Obtunsa adeo—so dull; not, unfeeling. Pectora = minds; not hearts.-568. Nec-urbe. Both this and the preceding line are intended to rebut the supposition of igno rance respecting the history of Troy, not of want of feeling. The notion seems to be, We do not lie so far out of the pale of the civilized world, out of the circuit of the sun and so out of the course of fame. Comp. VI. 795. — 569. Hesperiam.

See also on Ov. M. I. 113.

See on v. 530 and cf. IV. 345Saturniaque arva. See on E. IV. 6, and cf. VI. 794. See on Lavinaque litora, v. 2. → 570. Erycis. Eryx is the name of a very ancient king of Sicily, slain by Hercules; of a well-known mountain in the western part of that

=

=

See on ulli,

- 576. Afforet. Gr. 488. I.

=

trusty messengers. — 578.

island; and of a town on the northwestern slope of this mountain. Optatis = choose; not, wish. — 571. Auxilio tutos = protected by an escort. Tutos is a participle, as in VI. 238. -572. Et; as in v. 549. Mecum pariter on equal terms with me. - 573. Urbem. Gr. 445. 9. A. & S. 206 (6) (b). — 574. Mihi. v. 440.575. Noto. See on v. 108. I and 2. A. & S. 263. I and R. Certos Si to see whether; to see being implied in lustrare. - -579. Animum. See on v. 228. Arrecti=excited. — 582. Dea. 425.3. 1). A. & S. 246.583. Receptos; sc. esse. — 584. Unus; Orontes. Cf. vv. 113 foll.; VI. 334. · 585. Dictis... matris. Cf. vv. 390, 391. -587. In-apertum=dissolves into clear ether. Purgat borrows se from scindit. -589. Os. See on v. 228.-591. Purpureum= glowing. See on E. V. 38. Laetos... honores = a sparkling lustre. 592. Manus: the artist's hand; same as artificum manus, v. 455. Aut; sc. quale decus est. 593. Parius; from Paros, one of the Cyclades, a group of islands in the Aegean sea, celebrated for its excellent marble. - 594. Cunctis; with improvisus. Gr. 391. A. & S. 222. 3. -597. Sola is to be understood loosely: alone of those not allied to Troy, and so excluding Helenus and Acestes. Infandos. See on v. 525. Miserata. Gr. 577. A. & S. 274 3 (a). Labores. See on v. 460. 598. Nos... urbe socias = dost make us the partners of your city and your home. The construction seems to be socias (tibi or tecum) urbe, domo. Gr. 414 and 4. A. & S. 247 and 3. Reliquias Danaum. See on v. 30. 599. Ex. haustos attritos, vexatos. Omnium; the only instance in which Virgil has used this form of the word. Gr. 399 and 2. 2). A. & S. 213 and R. 1 (3). — 601. Non-nostrae it is not with. in our means, in our power. Gr. 401; 402 and I. A. & S. 211, R. 8 (3). Nec-Dardaniae =nor (is it in the power) of the Dardanian race, whatever of it there is anywhere. Join gentis with quidquid. 602. Magnum- orbem; both as fugitives and captives. — 603. Qua— numina. Cf. II. 536. V. 688. Quid. Gr. 362. A. & S. 210. — 604. Si quid — recti; i. e. if justice and conscious rectitude be of any account anywhere on earth. Sibi... recti. Gr. 391. 5. A. & S. 222, R. 3. — 605. Ferant. Gr. 488. I. A. & S. 260, R. 6. Quae saecula. For the construction cf. v. 539. G. II. 315.607. Montibus convexa = the shadows shall traverse the hol lows of the mountains. Umbrae; not the shadows of the woods, but those cast by the hills themselves. E. I. 84. Lustrabunt; of the shadows moving with the sun. With convexa cf. convexo nemorum, v. 310, and the word convallis. — 609. Repeated from E. V. 78. — 610. Cumque; separated from quae by tmesis. 614. Casu... tanto at the stupendous disaster. - 615, 616. Quis... casus

=

=

= quae fortuna. Cf. v. 240. The meaning seems to be, "How inveterate the ill-fortune that persecutes you! how-savage the violence that leads you here!" the question being one of wonder. In v. 9 he is driven through casus; here the casus drives him. Immanibus= savage; i. e. with reference to the Libyans. Applicat=appellit, v. 377.-617. Gr. 672. 3. A. & S. 310. I. Notice the non-elision of the o.-618. Alma. See on G. I. 7. Phrygii. See on v. 182. -619. Teucrum; not the first king of Troy (see on v. 1), but a son of Telamon, king of Salamis, and Hesione, daughter of Laomedon and sister of Priam, and the step-brother of Ajax the elder. See on Hor. C. I. 7. 21. 622. Cyprum; a large island in the Mediterranean Sea, off the south coast of Asia Minor, renowned for its fruitfulness and its rich mines of copper. See on Hor. C. III. 29. 60. Dicione. Gr. 414 and 3. A. & S. 247 and 2. Cf. v. 236. — 623. Casus may mean strictly fall here and in II. 507. Mihi. Gr. 388. II. A. & S. 225. II.-624. Pelasgi; a name properly applied to the most ancient inhabitants of Greece, put poetically for Graeci. - 625. Hostis= though an enemy. Gr. 363. A. & S. 204. Ferebat = used to extol.-626. Se... volebat gave himself out (to be), gave out that he (was); i. e. being the son of Hesione, the daughter of Laomedon, king of Troy. See on Teucrum, v. 619. — 627. Juvenes. See on Hor. C. I. 2. 41. — 628. Per multos... labores; with jactatam. Cf. VI. 693.629. Consistere terra. Cf. VI. 807. –631, 632. Simul...simul at the same time, both ... and. Here, as in II. 220, they couple two verbs with the in v. 513, V. 675, two subjects with the same verb. 422 and 1. A. & S. 254, R. 3. Indicit honorem fice; i. e. in honor of the preservation of Aeneas. - 636. Munera. —dei= (and) the gifts and joy of the god; i. e. wine. Most of the late editors adopt the reading dii, which they make a contraction for diei, and understand the phrase to mean, as gifts and the means of rejoicing for the day, construing munera and laetitiam in apposition with the preceding accusatives. Dei is said to be the reading of almost all the existing MSS., is preferred by Forb. and Henry, and adopted by Con., whose text we follow. It is certainly natural that wine should form a part of Dido's presents; and the expression is resolvable into munera laetifica dei laetitiae datoris. Cf. v. 734, laetitiae Bacchus dator. -637. Interior. Gr. 441. 6. A. & S. 205, R. 17. Regali-instruitur : is being set out in the splendor of royal magnificence. Splendida is proleptic (see on G. II. 353), belonging in sense with the predicate, but in construction with the subject. Luxu; with splendida. Gr. 414 and 2. A. & S. 247 and 1. — 638. Mediis... tectis is explained by domus interior. -639. Vestes for stragulae vestes : coverlets. Sc. sunt or instruuntur. So for the

=

same subject: Templis. Gr. orders a sacri