and hardly read at all. Such is the fickleness of religious taste."Hallam, Lit. Hist. of Europe.

Thomas Tenison (1694-1716); translated from Lincoln. As Vicar of St. Martin's he attended the Duke of Monmouth upon the scaffold, and as Archbishop he was present at the death-bed of Mary II.

William Wake (1716—1737); translated from Lincoln. The last archbishop who went to Parliament by water, author of many theological works.

John Potter (1737-1747); translated from Oxford. Author of the Archæologia Græca" and other works.

Thomas Herring (1747-1757); translated from York. Portrait by Hogarth.

Matthew Hutton (1757—1758); translated from York. Portrait by Hudson.

Thomas Secker (1758—1768); translated from Oxford. Portrait by Reynolds. Celebrated as a preacher

"When Secker preaches, or when Murray pleads,

The church is crowded, and the bar is thronged."

Frederick Cornwallis (1768-1783); translated from Lichfield. Portrait by Dance.*

John Moore (1783-1805); translated from Bangor.

Charles Manners Sutton (1805-1828); translated from Norwich. Portrait by Beechey.

William Howley (1828-1848); translated from London.

John Bird Sumner (1848—1862); translated from Chester. Portrait by Mrs. Carpenter.

Charles Thomas Longley (1862-1868); translated from York.

Archibald Campbell Tait, translated from London in 1868.

The Small Dining Room contains portraits of—

Queen Katharine Parr.

Cardinal Pole.

Bishop Burnet, 1689, Chancellor of the Garter.

This and several other of these fine portraits are completely ruined by

66 restoration."

Patrick, Bishop of Ely, 1691.

Pearce, Bishop of Bangor, 1747.

Berkeley, the first American Bishop.

Luther and Caterina Bora?

Through the panelled room called Cranmer's Parlour

we enter

The Chapel, which stands upon a Crypt supposed to belong to the manor-house built by Archbishop Herbert Fitzwalter, c. 1190. Its pillars have been buried nearly up to their capitals, to prevent the rising of the river tides within its walls. The chapel itself, though greatly modernised, is older than any other part of the palace, having been built by Archbishop Boniface, 1244-70. Its lancet windows were found by Laud—“ shameful to look at, all diversely patched like a poor beggar's coat," and he filled them with stained glass, which he proved that he collected. from ancient existing fragments, though his insertion of "Popish images and pictures made by their like in a mass book" was one of the articles in the impeachment against. him. The glass collected by Laud was entirely smashed by the Puritans: the present windows were put in by Archbishop Howley.

In this chapel most of the archbishops have been consecrated since the time of Boniface. Archbishop Parker's consecration here, Dec. 17, 1559, according to the "duly appointed ordinal of the Church of England," is recorded in Parker's Register at Lambeth and in the Library of Corpus Christi College at Cambridge, thus falsifying the Romanist calumny of his consecration at the Nag's Head Tavern in Friday Street, Cheapside.*

VOL. II.

* See Timbs's "Curiosities of London."

EE

Here Parker erected his tomb in his lifetime" by the spot where he used to pray," and here he was buried, but his tomb was broken up, with every insult that could be shown, by Scot, one of the Puritan possessors of Lambeth, while the other, Hardyng, not to be outdone, exhumed the Archbishop's body, sold its leaden coffin, and buried it in a dunghill. His remains were found by Sir William Dugdale at the Restoration, and honourably reinterred in front of the altar, with the epitaph, "Corpus Matthæi Archiepiscopi tandem hic quiescit." His tomb, in the ante-chapel, was reerected by Archbishop Sancroft, but the brass inscription which encircled it is gone.

"Parker's apostolical virtues were not incompatible with the love of learning and while he exercised the arduous office, not of governing, but of founding the Church of England, he strenuously applied himself to the study of the Saxon tongue and of English antiquities."Gibbon, Posthumous Works, iii. 566.

The screen, erected by Laud, was suffered to survive the Commonwealth. At the west end of the chapel, high on the wall, projects a Gothic confessional, erected by Archbishop Chicheley. It was formerly approached by seven steps. The beautiful western door of the chapel opens into the curious Post Room, which takes its name from the central wooden pillar, supposed to have been used as a whippingpost for the Lollards. The ornamented flat ceiling which we see here is extremely rare. The door at the north-east corner, by which the Lollards were brought in, was walled up c. 1874.

Hence we ascend the Lollards' Tower, built by Chicheley

The name Lollard was used as a term of reproach to the followers of Wickliffe; but was derived from Peter Lollard, a Waldensian pastor in the middle of the thirteenth century.

-the lower story of which is now given up by the Archbishop for the use of Bishops who have no fixed residence. in London. The winding staircase, of rude slabs of unplaned oak, on which the bark in many cases remains, is of Chicheley's time. In a room at the top is a trap-door, through which as the tide rose prisoners, secretly condemned, could be let down unseen into the river. Hard by

is the famous Lollards' Prison (13 feet long, 12 broad, 8 high), boarded all over walls, ceiling, and floor. The roughhewn boards bear many fragments of inscriptions which show that others besides Lollards were immured here. Some of them, especially his motto "Nosce te ipsum," are attributed to Cranmer. The most legible inscription is "IHS cyppe me out of all al compane. Amen." Other boards bear the notches cut by prisoners to mark the lapse of time. The

eight rings remain to which the prisoners were secured: one feels that his companions must have envied the one by the window. Above some of the rings the boards are burnt with the hot-iron used in torture. The door has a wooden lock, and is fastened by the wooden pegs which preceded the use of nails; it is a relic of Archbishop Sudbury's palace

facing the river, which was pulled down by Chicheley. From the roof of the chapel there is a noble view up the river, with the quaint tourelle of the Lollards' Tower in the foreground.

The gardens of Lambeth are vast and delightful. Their terrace is called "Clarendon's Walk" from a conference which there took place between Laud and the Earl of