able to Pope, which doubtless his translation enabled him to purchase. It cannot be unwelcome to literary curiosity that I deduce thus minutely the history of the English "Iliad." It is certainly the noblest version of poetry which the world has ever seen; and its publication must therefore be considered as one of the great events in the annals of learning. To those who have skill to estimate the excellence and difficulty of this great work, it must be very desirable to know how it was performed, and by what gradations it advanced to correctness. Of such an intellectual process the knowledge has very rarely been attainable; but happily there remains the original copy of the "Iliad," which being obtained by Bolingbroke as a curiosity, descended from him to Mallet, and is now, by the solicitation of the late Dr. Maty, reposited in the Museum. Between this manuscript, which is written upon accidental fragments of paper, and the printed edition, there must have been an intermediate copy, that was perhaps destroyed as it returned from the press. From the first copy I have procured a few transcripts, and shall exhibit first the printed lines; then, in a smaller print, those of the manuscripts, with all their variations. Those words in the small print which are given in Italicks are cancelled in the copy, and the words placed under them adopted in their stead. The beginning of the first book stands thus: The wrath of Peleus' son, the direful spring Of all the Grecian woes, O Goddess, sing, That wrath which hurl'd to Pluto's gloomy reiga The souls of mighty chiefs untimely slain. The stern Pelides' rage, O Goddess, sing, VOL. I. wrath Of all the woes of Greece the fatal spring, Grecian That strewed with warriors dead the Phrygian plain, heroes And peopled the dark bell with heroes slain; fill'd the shady hell with chiefs untimely Whose limbs, unburied on the naked shore, Such was the sovereign doom, and such the will of Whose limbs, unburied on the hostile shore, Since firs: Atrides and Achilles strove: Such was the sovereign doom, and such the will of Jove. Declare, O Muse, in what ill-fated hour Sprung the fierce strife, from what offended Power? And heap'd the camp with mountains of the dead; Declare, O Goddess, what offended Power Phoebus himself the dire debate procur'd, fierce T'avenge the wrongs his injur'd priest endur’d; . And heap'd the camp with millions of the dead; And for the King's offence the people dy'd. For Chryses sought with costly gifts to gain For Chryses sought by presents to regain His captive daughter from the victor's chain! For thefe as ensigns of b's God he bare, He sued to all, but chief implor'd for grace Ye kings and warriors, may your vows be crown'd, To all he sued, but chief implor'd for grace So Your labours, by the Gods be all your labours crown'd, laid And crown your labour with deserv'd success ; But, oh! relieve a wretched parent's pain, But, oh! relieve a hapless parent's pain, And fear the God that deals bis darts around. avenging Phoebus, son of Jove. The Greeks, in shouts, their joint assent declare Repuls'd the sacred sire, and thus reply'd. [Not so the tyrant. DRYDEN.] Of these lines, and of the whole first book, I am told that there was yet a former copy, more varied, and more deformed with interlineations. The beginning of the second book varies very little from the printed page, and is therefore set down without a parallel; the few differences do not require to be elaborately displayed. Now pleasing sleep had seal'd each mortal eye; Stretch'd in their tents the Grecian leaders lie; Th' Immortals slumber'd on their thrones above, All but the ever-watchful eye of Jove. To honour Thetis' son he bends his care, directs Fly hence, delusive dream, and, light as air, Bid him in arms draw forth th' embattled train, Declare ev'n now The lofty walls of wide-extended Troy; tow'rs For now no more the Gods with fate contend ; And nodding Ilium waits th' impending fall. Say, Virgins, seated round the throne divine, Or urg'd by wrongs, to Troy's destruction came! To count them all demands a thousand tongues, A throat of brass and adamantine lungs. Now, virgin Goddesses, immortal Nine! That round Olympus' heavenly summit shine, Book v. v. 1. But Pallas now Tydides' soul inspires, Th' unwearied blaze incessant streams supplies, |