Land Surveying on the Meridian & Perpendicular System |
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy adjustment angular applied arrow ascertained base line bearing and distance calculated cardinal directions cause chain line chainage chainmen check bearing clinometer coincide column correct cosec cotan cross hairs diagonal diaphragm direction driver east equal example field field-book fixed ground handle II.b index error inside angle intersection laying length line A.B. lower plate marked means measurement meridian and perpendicular method necessary noted Observed Bearings offset optical square parallel parallel ruler perpendicular system plot plumb-bob pole proceed protractor quantities reading represent right angles road scale shew shewn side sine single traverse spirit level standard bearing station subtracting survey surveyor taken taking tangent screw telescope theodolite tie line total traverse traverse lines triangle Trig trig points true bearing true horizontal true position turn the instrument unclamp upper plate vernier VERTICAL ANGLES vertical arc
Popular passages
Page 22 - The circumference of a circle is divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees; each degree into 60 minutes ; each minute into 60 seconds.
Page 62 - ... that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles.
Page 12 - Then set the instrument level by means of the parallel plate screws, and direct an assistant to go forward with a staff, having a vane, or cross piece, fixed to it exactly at the same height from the ground as the centre of the axis of the telescope. Having gone to the forward station, the assistant must hold the staff upright, whilst the observer measures the vertical angle, which an imaginary line connecting the instrument and staff makes with the horizon ; the instrument and staff should then...
Page 35 - As this adjustment has generally to be repeated every time the instrument is taken out of its case, it may be correctly termed a semipermanent adjustment.
Page 66 - IV. p. 47), so that this line is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle, of which the distances to be calculated form the base and perpendicular.
Page 127 - In order to arrive at some sort of idea as to the effect of shrinkage errors, the following experiments were made:— 1.