usually of wool, worn by the Greeks over the tunic. (See Fig. 58.) Under the empire it became fashionable also in Rome instead of the national toga. — signis auroque rigentem, stiff with figures of gold (see note, v. 61). (For a highly ornamented

651. peteret, the last syllable is long (§ 359, ƒ; G. 715; H. 608, v.). 654. collo monile, a necklace. - collo, dative (§ 235).

655. bacatum, studded with great pearls called baca (bacca) from

their likeness to grapes. - duplicem ... coronam, a coronet of two rings, one set with jewels and the other of gold. (See Fig. 60.) — gemmis (abl. of manner).

Fig. 60.

656. haec celerans, speeding these commands.

658. consilia, see v. 674. — faciem, form, retaining no doubt an earlier meaning of the word, which is connected with facio. Compare the theatrical "make-up."

659. donis, see v. 714. It has sometimes been thought that donis was not a suitable means for the action of incendat, but the practice of the world seems to justify Virgil. Compare Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, Act iii. Sc. 4. Besides, these were royal gifts, and associated with Eneas himself, so that their cost was no measure of their value. furentem... reginam, inflame the queen to madness (the "proleptic" use of the adjective, cf. v. 70).

660. ossibus, in her frame (dative).

661. domum ambiguam (amb- ago, going roundabout), the treacherous house, as described in vv. 348–368. - bilingues, double-tongued, saying one thing and meaning another. The bad faith of the Carthaginians (Punica fides) was proverbial, at least among their enemies the Romans.

662. urit, inflames her with anxiety. - sub noctem, as night

comes on.

664. solus, i.e. who alone art: nominative, as if it were in a relative clause, and not vocative, though in appos. with nate (§ 241, a; G. 194, R.3; H. 369, 2).

665. tela Typhoïa, i.e. the thunderbolts which overwhelmed Typhoeus. A favorite idea with the ancients, who sometimes even represented Cupid as wielding the thunderbolts of Jove, - an indication of the resistless force of love.

666. numina, i.e. the exercise of your power. 667. frater, as the son of Venus. ut iactetur, how thy brother is tossed, etc. (indir. quest. after nota, sc. sunt).

668. iactetur, with ū long, perhaps according to an earlier usage (§ 359, ƒ; G. 715; H. 608, v.).

669. nota, are things known to you: neut. plur. in imitation of Greek. nostro dolore, my pain. The plural of the first person is often used in Latin, as that of the second regularly is in English, for the singular. 671. vereor quo, I am anxious whither (indir. question), a common construction in colloquial and early Latin.

672. cardine, crisis: lit. hinge, or turning-point (§ 259, a; G. 393: H. 429).

673. capere, cingere, a loose use of military phrases. The infinitives depend on meditor in the sense of cogito or some similar word (§ 271: G. 424, 4; H. 535).—ante, in advance. — flamma, the flames of love, but with a reference to military operations.

674. ne quo numine, that by the influence of no divinity, alluding to Juno.

675. mecum teneatur, bound to me, as if they were tied together. 676. qua possis, indir. question depending on the idea of thought implied in mentem.

677. accitu (§ 245; G. 398; H. 416).

679. pelago restantia, remaining from [the perils of] the sea (§ 243, a; G. 388; H. 414, N.').

680. sopitum somno (abl. of manner), slumbering in sleep this alliterative use of words of the same root was a favorite with the old poets figura etymologica, cf. Soph. (Ed. Tyr. 65). — Cythera, see note, v. 257. 681. Idalium, a mountain and city in Cyprus. — recondam, will

hide away.

683. noctem (§ 256; G. 337; H. 379).·

non amplius (§ 247, c; G. 311, R.; H. 417, N.o) unam = one night, no more. — notos, because Cupid is a boy; hence it will be an easy task.

684. falle, counterfeit.

686. Lyaeum, a name of Bacchus, akin with luo (solvo).

688. ut (v. 685) inspires, purpose of indue (v. 684). — fallas veneno, i.e. poison unnoticed, the same idea as in occultum ignem.

690. gaudens incedit, he practises his steps with a mischievous delight in his task.

691. Ascanio (§ 235, a ; G. 343, R.2; H. 384, 4). — membra, frame. 692. inrigat, sheds like dew, cf. Od. ii. 395; Bry. 447.

"Entice the dewy-feathered sleep." - Il Penseroso.

693. amaracus, sweet marjoram; hence, adspirans, breathing fragrance.

694. floribus, depending on complectitur (abl. of means). 695. ibat: the use of the imperf. prevents any break in the narrative, by throwing the action into the same time as the preceding.

696. laetus, imitating the natural feeling and action which Ascanius would have shown, a different feeling from the mischief implied in v. 690. 697. duce (§ 255, a; G. 408; H. 431). — cum venit...iam se composuit, when he arrives, the queen has already taken her place. The

indicative is used because cum has precisely the sense of ut or ubi (§ 325; G. 582). The use of the tenses is like that of the historical present. — aulaeis, the rich draperies of the couch. Virgil here is doubtless describing a banquet of his own time.

698. aurea (ablative), contracted into two syllables in scanning (§ 347, c; H.608,iii.); mediam locavit, placed herself in the midst, probably at the middle place of the middle couch, with Æneas on her left and Bitias on her right, with the rest on the side couches. For an ancient feast see Fig. 38, p. 75.

700. discumbitur (§ 146, c; G. 199, R.1; H. 465, 1), i.e. they recline in their respective (dis-) places. — ostro (§ 260, c).

701. dant lymphas: the washing of hands was a regular feature of ancient banquets. - manibus (§ 235; G. 343; H. 384, 4).-—canistris, from the baskets (§ 258, a; G. 388, R.3; H. 414, N.').

702. mantelia, napkins, for the hands; tonsis villis, with the nap clipped close (abl. of quality).

703. quibus cura struere, whose care it was to set forth the provisions (in the pantry).

704. adolere (same root as in oleo and adolesco), enlarge, hence worship, like our "magnify."

706. onerent, subj. of purpose.

707. limina laeta, the glad door-ways, as if sympathizing with the joy of the guests. - nec non (§ 209, a; H. 553). 708. iussi, bidden.

710. flagrantis voltus, face ruddy as flame, i.e. of more than human beauty. — simulata, counterfeit.

711. Apparently a repetition of v. 649 crept in from the margin. 712. pesti, ruin.

713. expleri mentem, satisfy her mind (§ 240, c, N.; G. 332, 2; H. 378). — tuendo (§ 301, last example; G. 432; H. 542, iv.).

715. complexu (abl. of separation or locative).—pependit (§ 324; G. 563; H. 518, N.1).

717. oculis, see § 248; G. 401, R.; H. 420.

718. Dido; the repetition of the subject gives an added pathos, as if it were 66 alas, poor Dido."

719. insidat, lit. lies in wait; and so, plots against her: the other reading, insideat, sits in her lap, seems tame.

721. praevertere, excite, lit. turn away from Sychæus to a new object.

721. vivo amore (ablative of means), as opposed to the dead Sychæus.

love.

722. resides, unmoved.

animos, feelings. - desueta, disused to

723. postquam (sc. est or fuit; see note on pependit, v. 715): the wine was not brought in till after the feast.

- epulis (dative).

724. crateras, the

great mixing-bowls. coronant, wreathe with a garland, as is seen by comparison with iii. 525 and the Greek (Il. i. 470; Bry. 593). (See Fig. 61.)

725. vocem volutant, the guests make the song resound. - fit, then rises. - tectis (ablative), through the hall.

Fig. 61.

726. atria, see note, v. 638. — dependent, indicates that the night has come on before they finish. - laquearibus (see note on complexu, v. 715), panels: the sunken panels (lacus) between the cross-beams of the ceiling were decorated with gilding, an arrangement often imitated in modern buildings. - aureis, two syllables. - lychni (see Fig. 62). 727. funalia, links, i.e. torches in which a stout cord (funis) did service as wicking.

728. hic, hereupon.

729. pateram, a shallow bowl or

saucer used for libations, an heir-loom in

the royal house. (See Fig. 48.) Our card-receivers

and fruit-dishes are often made after the same pattern.

730. soliti (sc. implere).-silentia: the first introduction of the wine had a sacred char

acter, and a small quan

tity was always first poured out as a libation.

Fig. 62.

731. Iuppiter, as the god of hospitality (hospitalis).

dare iura,

define the rights of strangers: the term properly refers to the function of a judge, and hence here is equivalent to protect the rights.

732. Tyriis (dative after laetum).

733. velis, grant. — 734. Iuno, as the tutelar divinity of Carthage.