of Telon by the nymph Sebethis, daughter of the river god Sebethus in Campania. Telon had emigrated with his Teleboans from the island of Taphos near Acarnania to the island of Capreae opposite Naples. Oebalus, dissatisfied with his small dominion, secured additional possessions on the mainland in Campania.-742. The coverings of whose heads were (made of) the

bark, etc. Quis; dat. after erant. -746. Cui gens, etc.; whose nation is the Aequiculan, most savage. -747. Duris glaebis; the soil being rugged. -761. Ibat bello, went to the war; bello for in bellum. The story of Hippolytus or Virbius is partly of Greek and partly of Italian origin.762. Mater Aricia, his mother (land) Aricia. Comp. X, 172.-763. Egeriae. Either there were two groves of Egeria, or the one so called near Aricia is the true one.-764. Litora; the shores of the Arician lake. Placabilis; because the altar of Diana here did not, as in Taurus, require human victims. -765. Novercae; Phaedra. See the story of Hippolytus in the "Classical Dict." -769. Paconiis herbis, with the drugs of Apollo. Pronounce, here, Pue-o-nyis. -772. Repertorem; Aesculapius, son of Phoebus.-777. Virbius. This name was borne both by the restored Hippolytus, and by his son, the leader here described as coming to the war.- 784. Vertitur, moves around. -786. Aetnaeos ignis; i. e., flames as fierce as those of Aetna.Tam magis, etc., so much the more it (was) raging. Illa refers to Chimaera. With fremens and effera supply erat.- -790. This device was appropriate to Turnus, as the descendant of Inachus.- -796, Picti scuta, painted as to their shields; for pictis scutis. The Labici were from Labicum, now Colonna, south of Rome.-803. Camilla. This heroine, leader of the Volsci, is more particularly described in XI, 532-596.-806. Manus; the Greek accusative.

-787.

807. Pati and praevertere depend on assueta, though in the foregoing clause it is followed by the datives colo and calathis.- -808. Intactae segetis.

She could fly over the summit of the blades of standing corn, not seeming to touch them. This seems to be the more natural meaning, though intactae is taken by some in the sense of "unreaped" or "standing," analogous to intactos, Ge. III, 41.- -809. Laesisset; for laesura esset.- -814. Ut interrogative.-817. Myrtum. Shepherds made the shafts of their spears of myrtle-wood.

157

Saturnus. (From an ancient gem.)

BOOK EIGHTH.

The alliance of Aeneas and Evander. The shield of Aeneas made by Vulcan.

1-101. While Turnus is opening the war, an envoy is sent by the Latins to solicit the aid of Diomed, who has settled in Apulia and founded Argyripa. Aeneas is advised by the god of the Tiber, who appears to him in sleep, to seek assistance from Evander, an Arcadian prince, lately established at Pallanteum, afterwards the Palatine Hill, on the Tiber. On the point of departing on this mission, Aeneas sees the sow with her thirty young on the shore, the omen mentioned by Helenus. He ascends the Tiber, which has slackened his current to favor him, and at mid-day comes in sight of the Palatine, and the settlement of Evander.

1, 2. Signum extulit. Vergil, according to the Roman custom, represents Turnus as raising the red banner, the signal of war, from the battlements of Laurentum. 3. Impulit arma, he urged on, called to arms. Others understand, clashed his arms. 8. Latos-agros, strip the fields of their husbandmen.- -9. Urbem; Argyripa, which the hero Diomed founded in Apulia, on returning from the Trojan war, and fleeing from Argos and Aetolia to Italy.- 10. Qui ut is.-11. Aenean; the subject of the infinitives, advectum (esse), inferre, and dicere.-12. Regem se posci, that he is demanded as king; i. e., of Latium.- 25. Laquearia. See on I, 726.27. Alituum; a lengthened form of alitum. -37. Revehis, who bringest back; for the Dardanian race sprung from Italy. _Nobis; for ad nos.41. Concessere, have subsided, come to an end.- 47. Ex quo, from which time; i. e., in thirty years from the time of the discovery of this omen. Others understand loco; "proceeding from which place Ascanius shall found," etc. -51. Vergil, like other Roman writers who had studied the Grecian literature, following the Greek notion that there were Pelasgic settlements in Italy, derives the word Palatium from the Arcadian Pallantium and Pallas, and hence supposes an Arcadian emigration to the valley of the Tiber.- -54, Pallanteum; the supposed original name of the city on the Palatine, of which Palatium was thought to be a corrupted form.Recto flumine, by the direct course of the stream. Comp. VI, 900.Here (on the banks of this stream) my great dwelling-place, head of lofty cities, is destined to rise. The reference is to Rome, which may be regarded as already rising; hence, exit. Servius understood by domus the palace of the river-god, and caput, the source of the river; thus, "My head-waters are from lofty cities" i. e., those of Etruria.- -66. Lacu; here, the bed of the river. -77. Corniger. River-gods were sometimes represented with the heads and horns of bulls; thus, Ge. IV, 371.- -78. Propius, more manifestly than in a dream.- -84. Enim, certainly, indeed; of course, as he ought, or as was to be expected. He follows the instructions of Helenus, III, 437-440, and of Tiberinus, above, 60.87. Refluens, flowing back on his course, so as to stay the downward current. -89. Aequor aquis. See on V, 821. -90. Rumore secundo, joined with celerant, is commonly understood of the song of the oarsmen, chanted to the movement of their oars; with joyful shout. In some editions the words are joined with labitur, and then refer to the roaring of the water, which attends the swift passage of the keel. Secundo in either case denotes an accompanying or following sound, with the notion of favoring.-98. Procul lengthens the final syllable here.

-57. -65.

102-183. Evander and his people are engaged, at the moment when Aeneas arrives, in celebrating a sacrifice to Hercules. Pallas, the son of Evander, at first threatens to resist the landing of the strangers; but their friendly character being ascertained, they are invited into the presence of the king, who listens with favor to the proposition of alliance, and promises assistance to the Trojans. They are then invited to join the Arcadians in their religious festival.

==

104. Huic una; poetic construction for una cum hoc.- -108. Tacitis inoumbere remis = tacitos inc. rem.; ply their oars in silence.110. Quos those who were attending the feast.- -114. Qui genus, who by descent? of what descent? genus, Greek acc. Comp. genus, V, 285. Unde domo; for ex qua domo, literally, "whence in respect to home."- -118. Bello superbo, by an unrighteous war; a war which is occasioned by their pride and arrogance in denying us a shelter in their country.- -125. Subeunt relinquunt. See on hysteron proteron, II, 259.-130. Coniunctus Atridis. Both the Atridae and Evander are descended from Jupiter; the Atridae through Tantalus, and Evander through Mercury.—132. Cognati patres. Aeneas is de

scended from Electra, a daughter of Atlas, and the mother of Dardanus; Evander from Maia, another daughter of Atlas, and mother of Mercury. -133. Et fatis egere volentem, and have driven (to you) by my fates, (myself) willing (to obey); i. e., while I myself gladly obey their behest. 146. Daunia Turnus was the son of Daunus, and hence the term Daunia is not inaptly applied to the whole Latin gens, or nation, of which he is at present the leading spirit.- -149. Supra, infra. The upper sea is the Adriatic, the lower the Tuscan.- -151. Rebus spectata, tried by warlike deeds. -157. Hesionae regna. Telamon, king of Salamis, an island of Attica, married Hesione, the daughter of Laomedon, and sister of Priam. Hence, she was queen of Salamis.-169. Mihi; dat. of the agent; by me.- -177. Praecipuum. Aeneas is honored above his followers by being placed upon a seat or throne covered with the hide of a lion. The frame of the throne is of maple-wood.- -178. Solio; dat. for ad solium.- -180. Viscera, the flesh; as in 1, 211.-183. Perpetui, with long body. Lustralibus, expiatory; pertaining to the expiatory, or lustral, sacrifice.

188-279. Evander now explains to Aeneas the origin of this annual sacrifice to Hercules, by relating the story of Cacus, a giant of Mount Aventine, whom the hero had slain on this spot.

190. Saxis suspensam hanc rupem, this crag suspended (supported) by the rocks; or overhanging with rocks. Comp. I, 166.191. Disiectae (sunt); the indicative after ut (how), as in VI, 856. Montis domus; the now empty cave on Mount Aventine, which had been the abode of Cacus.197. Tabo is probably intended to modify pallida in the sense of ghastly, though others join it with ora.-200. Et nobis, to us also; as well as others who were suffering from monsters. Aliquando, at length.- -202. Geryone. See on VII, 662.203. Hac, this way. -204. Amnem. The bank of the river Tiber is meant.- -207. Stabulis, from the camp; i. e., from their restingand feeding-place in the valley. -209. Pedibus rectis, from their advancing feet, Ladewig makes an ablative absolute. It may be, however, a dative after forent.- -212. Quaerenti;

an indefinite dative, limiting the whole clause.215. Discessu, at their departure; ablat. of time.

-218. Custodita; though guarded. -221. Aërii. The Aventine, even now, is quite a bold eminence, especially towards the river, though much diminished from its original height.226. Paterna, his father's; Vulcan's.

-228. The final e in this verse is elided. -236. Iugo join with prona as abl. of manner.-237. Nitens; i. e., with his shoulders.

-245. Super, from above.248. Insueta rudentem, roaring hideously. -259. Vana; because they avail not against Hercules.

-260. In nodum complexus; i. e.,

Silver goblet. (From Herculaneum.)

forcing his body and limbs by his powerful grasp into a knot. Others understand" forming a knot round him" with his own limbs. -261. Angit elisos oculos. Hercules makes the monster's eyes start out by choking him. Siccum here, equivalent to privatus, drained of, and so followed by the abl. Comp. IX, 64.- -263. Abiuratae, the possession of which he had denied.