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THE BUCOLICS

AND THE

FIRST EIGHT BOOKS OF THE AENEID

OF

VERGIL

WITH NOTES AND A VERGILIAN DICTIONARY

BY

HENRY S. FRIEZE

PROFESSOR OF LATIN IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

NEW YORK

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY

1, 8, AND 5 BOND STREET

1882

PREFACE.

THE text here presented, embracing the Bucolics, the Georgics, and the Aeneid of Vergil, is the result of a careful comparison of the older editions, especially those of Heyne, Jahn, and Forbiger, with those of Ladewig, Ribbeck, and Conington, more recently published. In the twenty years since the issue of my edition of "The Aeneid, with Explanatory Notes," important changes have been made in the orthography of the Vergilian text. The labors of Ritschl and Brambach have done much toward establishing a correct and uniform Latin orthography for schools, and also a characteristic orthography for the texts of authors belonging to different periods. The improved and more accurate forms of spelling due to these and other distinguished scholars, have been based partly on the authority of the Roman grammarians, and partly on the critical study of monumental and numismatic inscriptions and the best existing manuscripts. In former investigations of this kind too much weight was given to the manuscripts, none of which probably date back earlier than the fourth century of our era, while inscriptions contemporary with the best periods of the language, and presumably representing the orthography of such periods, were left more or less out of view.

Giving proper consideration to monuments of this latter kind, without losing sight of the prevailing forms of spelling