is predicated of the subject of the first, as, e. g., A is B, B is C, C is D, D is E.. A is E; or, to give a concrete example, The English 66 are brave, the brave are free, the free are happy, therefore the English are happy." Obviously a Sorites may always be resolved into as many separate syllogisms as it has middle terms, as, e. g., in the above example, the first into three and the last into two syllogisms, as follows: .. The English are free .. The English are happy. BOOK II APPLIED LOGIC PART I OF THE METHOD OF LOGIC CHAPTER VI OF THE LOGICAL PROCESSES 107. OF THE METHOD OF LOGIC.-The logical processes, as we have hitherto considered them, consist in three operations, namely, Simple Apprehension, Judgment, and Syllogism or Inference; of which the first is an analytical process, the second and third synthetical. Hence the logical processes may be regarded as twofold, and as consisting in Analysis and Synthesis. The first of these, however, is not confined to Simple Apprehen sion or analysis of terms, but extends to the analysis of propositions and syllogisms, and of extended discourse; of which the elements are syllogisms. It also extends, as preparatory to the expression in logical form of subjects to be investigated, to the analysis of the general facts involved and the determination of the questions to be investigated. The logical method consists in the use of these processes. $108. LOGICAL DISTINGUISHED FROM PHYSICAL ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS.-The terms analysis and synthesis are used in different senses, according to the subject-matter to which they are applied. Of these, two principal kinds may be distinguished, which may be called, respectively, physical and logical—the former dealing with physical substances, the latter with notions or concepts. Of the former kind, the most instructive illustration is presented by chemistry; where these processes are applied directly to matter, which is analyzed by separating its elements, and synthesized by rearranging those elements so as to form new compound substances. These processes are indeed essentially different in nature from the processes with which we are now concerned, yet the analogy between the two is almost perfect; and hence, in chemical analysis and synthesis, we find the best illustration of the nature of analysis and synthesis of notions or |