"The eagle-winged pride

Of sky-aspiring and ambitious thoughts,

With rival-hating envy, set you on.”—Rich. II. i. 3.

"One step have I advanc'd thee; if thou dost
As this instructs thee, thou shalt make thy way
To noble fortunes."- Lear v. 3.

AMBITION Useful in Pulling Down.

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There is use also of ambition in pulling down the greatness of any subject that overtops."-Ess. of Ambition.

"Periander . . went into his garden and topped all the highest flowers, signifying that (to preserve tyranny) the cutting off and keeping low of the nobility and grandees (was needful).”—Adet. of Learning ii.,

and De Aug. vi. 1.

K. Hen.: "My lords, at once: the care you have of us,
To mow down thorns that will annoy our foot,
Is worthy praise."

Q. Mar.: ".

Take heed, my lord; the welfare of us all
Hangs on the cutting short that fraudful man.”

-2 Hen. VI. iii., and lines 30-35.

"He in fury shall

Cut off the proud'st conspirator that lives."

"Go thou, and like an executioner,

-Tit. And. iv. 4.

Cut off the heads of too fast-growing sprays,
That look too lofty in our commonwealth."

-Rich. II. iii. 4.

"Foemen mowed down in tops of all their pride."

-3 Hen. VI. v. 7.

ANGER Appeased by Apology and Gentleness; but Increased

by Excuses, Stubbornness, or Evasion.

"If the anger of a prince, or superior, be kindled against you, and it be now your turn to speak, Solomon directs (1) that an answer be made; (2) that it be soft. The first rule contains three precepts, viz.:-1. To guard against a melancholy and stubborn silence, for this either turns the fault wholly upon you, or impeaches your superior. 2. To beware of delaying the thing, and requiring a longer day for your defence. 3. To make a real answer, not a mere confession or bare submission, but a mixture of apology and excuse . . . the answer should be mild and soft, not stiff and irritating.”—Advt. of Learning (Aphorism 1).

(1) "Why, how now, dame! whence grows this insolence?
Why dost thou wrong her that did ne'er wrong thee?
When did she cross thee with a bitter word ?-
Her silence flouts me, and I'll be revenged."

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...

-Tam. Sh. ii. 1.

"I cannot tell if to depart in silence,
Or bitterly to speak in your reproof,
Best befitteth," &c.

-See Rich. III. iii. 7, 140–150.

Come, lead me, officers, to the block of shame ;

Wrong bath but wrong, and blame the due of blame."

-Rich. III. v. 1.

"I am sorry that such sorrow I procure,

And so deep sticks it in my penitent heart,

That I crave death more willingly than mercy-
'Tis my deserving, and I do entreat it."-M. M. v 1.

"Far more is to be said, and to be done,

Than out of anger can be uttered."

-1 Hen. IV. i. 1.

"Teach
us, sweet lady, for our rude transgression,
Some fair excuse."

"The fairest is confession."-Love's Labour's Lost v.
"Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift;
Riddling confession makes but riddling shrift."

2.

-Rom. Jul. ii. 2.

"Oftentimes, excusing of a fault Doth make the fault worse by the excuse," &c.

"So, please your majesty, I would I could
Quit all offences with as clear excuse
As well as I am doubtless I can purge
Myself of many I am charged withal:
Yet such extenuation let me beg,

-John iv. 2.

As, in reproof of many tales devised,
Which oft the ear of greatness needs must hear,
By smiling pick-thanks and base newsmongers,
I may, for some things true, wherein my youth
Hath faulty wander'd, and irregular,

Find pardon, on my true submission.”

-1 Hen. IV. iii. 2.

See also how Volumnia tries to persuade her son to appease the anger of the people by answering them "mildly," and how ill things turn out from his not following her advice, and that of the Patricians-the very echo of that given in the "Advancement" by Francis Bacon.

Com.: "Arm yourself to answer mildly; for they are prepared
With accusations, as I hear, more strong

Cor.: "Well mildly, be it then; mildly."—Cor. iii. 2.

Contrast the speech and conduct of Cardinal Wolsey,

when taxed by the nobles, and the "stubborn answer,” for which they threaten him.-Hen. VIII. iii. 2, 228349.

ANGER-A Kind of Baseness or Weakness.

"Anger is a kind of baseness, as it appears well in the weakness of those subjects in whom it reigns: children, women, sick folks."—Ess. of Anger.

"Fie, fie, how wayward is this foolish love,
That like a testy babe will scratch the nurse!"

(Two Gent. Ver. i. 2 ;

and see Rom. Jul. i. 3, 30-32.)

"Women and fools, break off your conference."

(John iii. 1. See the whole of this Squabbling Scene).

"Their counsel turns to passion, which before

Would give preceptial medicine to rage."

"The unruly waywardness that infirm and choleric years bring with them.”—See Lear i. 1, 291–302.

"The blood and baseness of our natures would conduct us to most preposterous conclusions; but we have reason to cool our raging motions."-Oth. i. 3.

ANGER Breaks Off Business.

"To contain anger from mischief, though it may take hold of a man, there be two things whereof you must have especial caution. The one of extreme bitterness of words, especially if they be aculeate and proper ; the other, that you do not peremptorily break off in any business in a fit of anger."-Mor. Ess. lvii.

Glos.: "My lord of Winchester, I know your mind,
'Tis not my speeches that you do mislike,
But 'tis my presence that doth trouble you.
Rancour will out. Proud prelate, in thy face

I see thy fury: if I longer stay,

We shall begin our ancient bickerings." [Exit.]
-2 Hen. VI. i. 1.

ANGER Makes the Eyes Red.

"It hath been observed that in anger the eyes wax red; and in blushing, not the eyes, but the ears, and the parts behind them."-Nat. Hist. ix. 872.

"1 met Lord Bigot and Lord Salisbury,
With eyes as red as new enkindled fire."

-K. John iv. 2.

"Henry Bolingbroke and he

Being mounted, and both roused in their seats,
Their eyes of fire sparkling through sights of steel."

-2 Hen. IV. iv. 1.

-2 Hen. VI. iii. 1.

"Beaufort's red sparkling eyes blab his heart's malice."

"Edward and Richard .

With fiery eyes sparkling for very wrath,
And bloody steel grasped in their ireful hands,

Are at our backs."-3 Hen. VI. ii. v.

My red-look'd anger."-Wint. Tale ii. 2.

"His eye red, as 'twould burn Rome."-Cor. v. 1.

ANGER-An Edge Set Upon It by Irritating Speeches.

"Contempt is that which setteth an edge upon anger as much, or more, than the hurt itself; and, therefore, when men are ingenious in picking out circumstances of contempt, they do kindle their anger much."-Ess. of Anger.

See Hamlet iii. 2, where Hamlet's ironical speeches and contempt are intended to rouse the feelings and anger of the King and Queen, and note the comment of Ophelia, and Hamlet's reply: