Elements of Surveying and Navigation: With Descriptions of the Instruments and the Necessary Tables |
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Page 68
... pieces of red cloth to the heads of the marking pins , that they may be more readily found in thick grass , brushwood , & c . Great care must be taken to keep the chain horizontal , and if the slope of the ground be too great to admit ...
... pieces of red cloth to the heads of the marking pins , that they may be more readily found in thick grass , brushwood , & c . Great care must be taken to keep the chain horizontal , and if the slope of the ground be too great to admit ...
Page 85
... piece of ground having an uneven surface , we should refer the whole to a horizontal plane , and take for the measure of the area that part of the plane which is inclu- ded between the bounding hori- zontal lines AB , BC , CD , DA . D ...
... piece of ground having an uneven surface , we should refer the whole to a horizontal plane , and take for the measure of the area that part of the plane which is inclu- ded between the bounding hori- zontal lines AB , BC , CD , DA . D ...
Page 88
... piece of ground in the for of a square , rectangle , or parallelogram . Multiply the base by the altitude , and the product will express the area ( Geom . , Bk . IV . , Prop . IV . and V. ) 1. To find the area of the rectangular field ...
... piece of ground in the for of a square , rectangle , or parallelogram . Multiply the base by the altitude , and the product will express the area ( Geom . , Bk . IV . , Prop . IV . and V. ) 1. To find the area of the rectangular field ...
Page 89
... piece of land in the form of a triangle . FIRST METHOD . Measure either side of the triangle as BC , and from the opposite angle A let fall a perpendicular AD , and measure this perpendicular ; then , mul- tiply the base and ...
... piece of land in the form of a triangle . FIRST METHOD . Measure either side of the triangle as BC , and from the opposite angle A let fall a perpendicular AD , and measure this perpendicular ; then , mul- tiply the base and ...
Page 90
... and divide their sum by 2 : the quotient will be the logarithm of the area . 1. Find the area of a triangular piece of ground whose 20 30 230 40 2 ) 90 BY FIRST RULE sides are 20 , 30 , and 40 chains . 90 [ BOOK II ELEMENTS OF SURVEYING .
... and divide their sum by 2 : the quotient will be the logarithm of the area . 1. Find the area of a triangular piece of ground whose 20 30 230 40 2 ) 90 BY FIRST RULE sides are 20 , 30 , and 40 chains . 90 [ BOOK II ELEMENTS OF SURVEYING .
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Common terms and phrases
Awwwwwwwww axis azimuth back-sight base line bearing called centre chords column comp compass Cosine Cosine D course decimal degrees determined diff difference of latitude difference of level difference of longitude direction dist divided double meridian distance draw east error example feet figure fore-sight ground half hence horizontal distance horizontal line horizontal plane inches instrument intersection LatDegDegDegDeg latitude and departure length limb line of collimation logarithm longitude M.
M. Sine marked measure method middle latitude miles multiplied needle parallel PARALLEL SAILING perpendicular plane of reference plane sailing plot protractor radius right angles rods sailing scale of equal screws sides sights Sine Cotang Sine D spherical excess spider's lines square chains staff stakes station subtract surface survey Tang tangent telescope theodolite TRAVERSE TABLE trigonometrical variation vernier plate vertical yards
Popular passages
Page 22 - In a Right-angled Triangle, the side opposite the right angle is called the Hypothenuse ; and the other two sides are called the Legs, and sometimes the Base and Perpendicular.
Page 21 - ... 20. An EQUILATERAL polygon is one which has all its sides equal ; an equiangular polygon, is one which has all . its angles equal. 21. Two polygons are mutually equilateral, when they have their sides equal each to each, and placed in the same order : that is to say, when following their...
Page 45 - In any triangle, the sum of the two sides containing either angle, is to their difference, as the tangent of half the sum of the two other angles, to the tangent of half their difference.
Page 9 - THE LOGARITHM: of a number is the exponent of the power to which it is necessary to raise a fixed number, to produce the given number.
Page 138 - ... the intersection of the vertical plane passing through it and ,the place, with the surface of the earth, would be the true meridian. But, the star being at a distance from the pole, equal to 1° 30...
Page 44 - CB : CA : : sin A : sin B. For, with A as a centre, and AD equal to the less side...
Page 61 - Being on a horizontal plane, and wanting to ascertain the height of a tower standing on the top of an inaccessible hill, there were measured, the angle of elevation of the top of the hill 40°, and of the top of the tower 51° ; then measuring in a direct line 180 feet farther from the hill, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower was 33° 45' : required the height of the tower.
Page 38 - The circumference of every circle is supposed to be divided into 360 equal parts, called degrees ; and each degree into 60 equal parts, called minutes ; and each minute into 60 equal parts, called seconds ; and these into thirds, etc.
Page 39 - The secant of an arc is the line drawn from the centre of the circle through one extremity of the arc, and limited by the tangent passing through the other extremity. Thus, . 00 is the secant of the arc AB.
Page 21 - If the lines are straight, the space they enclose is called a rectilineal figure, or polygon, and the lines themselves, taken together, form the contour, or perimeter of the polygon. 14. The polygon of three sides, the simplest of all, is called a triangle ; that of four sides, a quadrilateral; that of five, a pentagon; that of six, a hexagon; that of seven, a heptagon; that of eight, an octagon ; that of nine, a nonagon; that of ten, a decagon ; and that of twelve, a dodecagon.