Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Early English Dramatists.-Six Anonymous Plays, c. 15101537. Edited by John S. Farmer.Dramatic Writings of John Heywood. Edited by John S. Farmer. Printed by Subscription. UNDER the charge of Mr. John S. Farmer, to whom are owing many scarce and curious reprints and publications, now appear the first two volumes of what-if continued as it is begun-will be an absolutely inappreciable boon to the student. Nearly half a century ago we cried out for exactly what is now being given us-a collective edition of the Tudor dramatists under the heads of the various writers, and with supplemental volumes containing anonymous plays arranged, so far as possible, in chronological order. The first two volumes of a work precisely of the class thus indicated are before us. One volume contains all the known dramatic writings of John Heywood, six in number; the other supplies six anonymous works of approximately the same date. are printed artistically, and have elegant bindings that will grace any shelves. The frontispiece to the writings of Heywood appears in facsimile; the woodcut portrait of Heywood which is supplied was prefixed in 1556 to his The Spider and, the Flie,' and in 1562 to Epigrams upon Proverbs.' Facsimiles of title-pages are given also in this and the companion volume. 'Note-Books" and Word-Lists' are included in both volumes, and fulfil a useful purpose, supplying all bibliographical, literary, and glossarial information at present attainable, together with the varia lectiones. It is apropos of this estimable feature that such qualms arise as we now feel. The scheme is noble; it may even be said ideal. Is such a work within the range of one life, however industrious and prolonged? Enormous labour, and, it may be added, very considerable capital, are necessary to see to the end an undertaking which might tax the resources of one or other of the University Presses, or a no less great and august firm such as the Longmans. Energy, meanwhile, of a scholar such as a Dyce of yesterday or a Bullen of to-day is requisite to bring the task to a successful issue. It It is, of course, with the mysteries and moralities would even seem as if what the French call a that the present issue is concerned. To these société des gens de lettres should be secured, except compositions, which follow immediately upon the that materials for such a society can scarcely be liturgical drama, the volumes are necessarily con- said to exist. We owe Mr. Farmer thanks for his secrated. Heywood's plays or dialogues have, how-effort, credit him with serious intention, and trust ever, a certain vein of comedy, though far inferior he will at least exhibit much accomplishment in to that which, at a period almost corresponding, regard to his ambitious task. was shown in France in the farce of Maistre Pierre Pathelin.' The characters are genuine human beings, and not mere abstractions; and the satire of worthless wives and of priests-the latter especially-is marvellously outspoken, considering that the writer was a Roman Catholic and the father of a sufficiently aggressive Jesuit priest. Of the six anonymous plays-which consist of "The Four Elements,' Calisto and Melibea,' Every Man, Hickscorner,' 'The World and the Child, and Thersites some are genuine moralities, such action as is exhibited being in the hands of beings like Studious Desire and Sensual Appetite, or Perseverance, Imagination, Contemplation, and Free Will, or, again, Mundus, Infans, Manhood, and Conscience. In Thersites and the play now named Calisto and Melibea' we have names of real persons. Both these works have, however, been assigned to John Heywood, though on no very trustworthy authority and with no great probability of accuracy. The latter is, indeed, a translation of a portion of the Spanish drama in twenty-one acts of Fernando de Rojas, now generally known as 'Celestina,' or in English 'The Spanish Bawd.' Celestina, the procuress in question, figures as one of the characters, and is excellently drawn. There is a sort of anticipation of Falstaff when she says: And I thank God ever one penny hath been mine, To buy bread when I list, and to have four for wine. The merit of the creation of this personage belongs, however, to the Spanish author. The date of his play is about 1480.* We cannot attempt to deal with the literary claims of works which belong to the foundation and growth of our drama, and are of course known to the student. The appearance of the volumes is admirable: they are on excellent paper, A Book for a Rainy Day. By John Thomas Smith. TheBook for a Rainy Day' merits its title. It is, as its author calls it, a salmagundi, a collection of heterogeneous anecdotes thrown together higgledy-piggledy, with no pretence of arrangement. When once its perusal is begun, however, you would have the rainy weather continue, for fear some gleam of sunshine should compel you to quit your occupation. What is a great gain in the matter-so great, indeed, that it was scarcely to be expected—is that Mr. Whitten's additions and explanations are written in the spirit of the original, and are almost, if not quite, as good. "Rainy Day" Smith's method of gossip is said to be that which he himself depicts when to a visitor in the Print-Room he says, 'What I tell you is the fact, and sit down and I'll tell you the whole story." It is characteristic, moreover, that one story is always as good as another. Very much of the book illustrates, or is illustrated by, N. & Q.,' which stands second in the list of works on which Mr. Whitten has drawn for his anecdotes and information generally. See, for instance, what is said on p. 8 about anodyne necklaces, with the comment thereon which appeared in our columns from Mr. Eliot Hodgkin. We wonder what our founder would have said about the instances of longevity cited on p. 25, where some fifty examples are given of centena rianism, including one at 125, one at 133, and one at 138. Smith's predictions concerning William Blake (p. 97) are very creditable to his intellect and taste. and have been fulfilled to the letter. At a period when the qualities of Blake were known to only few, Smith wrote: "A time will come when the numerous......works of Blake......will be sought after with the most intense avidity." Among other matters are some good theatrical stories. The illustrations to the volume, both coloured and plain, are not inferior to the remainder of the contents. They are numerous also, and cast a brilliant light upon the early part of the last century. To those of our readers who are interested in such subjects as topography, antiquarianism, art, and literary history from the days of Johnson and Garrick to those of Byron and Southey, the volume may be commended as one to be desired. A Draught of the Blue. Translated from the Original Manuscript. By F. W. Bain. (Parker & Co.) FIVE of these deeply interesting Hindoo love stories or allegories have now reached us, and have extorted our warm commendation. Taking them at first for a genuine find, we were disposed to rank them as among the most priceless products of the East. Now, even, when that view is no longer tenable, we are lost in admiration at their grace, tenderness, and warm Oriental colouring. The love relations of the various characters are to a certain extent sentimentalized, but have still enough that is wholly physical to justify their ascription to Indian sources. Mr. Bain has, indeed, a thoroughly Oriental luxury of imagination, and the account of the dream-seller and the entrancing and magical vision which he summons up before King Rudrálaka is wonderful. In appearance and in all bibliographical respects the present is worthy of the previous volumes. A collection of these, so far as we know them, would constitute for any reader of taste and refinement an ideal present. Proverbs and their Lessons. By Richard Chenevix Trench, D.D. Edited by A. Smythe Palmer, D.D. (Routledge & Sons.) WE have here another of those popular, but valuable books of Archbishop Trench which have received from Dr. Smythe Palmer the crowning graces of "up-to-dateness" and exactitude. In this, as in similar works, the whole is brightly written, and full of information and suggestion. To one of the most prized works of a generation and a half ago Dr. Smythe Palmer contributes some additional notes of high value and a short but useful bibliography of proverbs. The book is a companion volume to Trench's English Past and Present' and 'On the Study of Words,' and to Dr. Smythe Palmer's The Folk and their Word-Lore.' This opuscule-it is little more-is to be warmly commended, and takes precedence of more ambitious works on the same subject. SHORTLY after eight o'clock on the 22nd inst. Mr. George Jacob Holyoake, the well-known Chartist, died at Brighton. Born at Birmingham on 13 April, 1817, Holyoake became early known as a lecturer in connexion with the Owen movement. In 1841 he was the subject of the last conviction for blasphemy. For issuing an unstamped newspaper he incurred fines amounting to 600,000l. He was secretary to the British legation sent in 1861 to Garibaldi. Holyoake was chiefly instrumental in bringing about the Affirmation Act of 1869. An occasional contributor to our columns, he was responsible for the 'History of the Rochdale Pioneers,' History of Co-operation in England,' The Co-operative Movement of To-day,' and 'Sixty Years of an Agitator's Life' (1892). He is credited with the introduction of the substantive "Jingo." Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answer. ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1906. CONTENTS.-No. 110. -- NOTES:-Ivy Lane, Strand, 81-Sir Gilbert Pickering, of Facts and Fancies for the Curious'-'Starlight Stories' "These streams were spanned by as many bridges, the remains of one of which, consisting of a single stone arch about eleven feet in length, were discovered in 1802, during the construction of a new sewer a little to the eastward of St. Clement's Church. The two others were severally known as Strand Bridge and Ivy Bridge; the site of both bridges being pointed out by Strand Lane and Ivy Bridge Lane, which anciently formed the channels through which the two rivulets flowed to the Thames." The earliest account we possess of these structures is thus related by Stow: : called Strand Bridge, and under it a lane or way, "Then had yee in the high street a faire bridge, downe to the landing place on the banke of Thames......Ivie Bridge in the high street, which had a way under it, leading downe to the Thames, the like as sometime had the Strand bridge, is now taken downe."-"London' (1633), 490-1. Change of Name A Guide to Tideswell and its Church. Mr. Norman describes the former, but omits Obituary:-Everard Home Coleman. Booksellers' Catalogues. Hotes. IVY LANE, STRAND. MR. P. NORMAN's volume on 'London Vanished and Vanishing,' noticed at 10th S. iv. 538, was one of the most interesting of the topographical works published during the past year. Many additions to his list will undoubtedly have to be made from time to time, but the interest in any future edition would be materially increased if a chapter on 'Vanished and Vanishing Streets' were included. Even narrow passages, into which few or no dwellings opened may have contained houses or possessed associations worthy of being recorded. To one of this latter kind I desire to draw attention, viz., to Ivy Lane, Strand, nearly opposite the Vaudeville Theatre. This, after having existed for several centuries, has within the last few years been obliterated, so far as the public are concerned, without any special notice of its loss being taken in any of the newspapers. The extension of the Hotel Cecil westwards absorbed this lane into its precincts, and its entrance is now closed by an iron gate. Ivy Lane was one of several narrow steep passages which acted as waterways, in transmitting to the river various streams all reference to the latter. Ivy Lane, also known as Ivy Bridge Lane and Ivy Bridge (the last term is used on the Ordnance map of 1894-6), was crossed at its Strand entrance by a narrow bridge, so that foot passengers could travel along the pathway dryshod; while at the riverside the lane terminated in a landing-place, causeway, or small pier. A similar arrangement existed Strand lanes in the case of the other Now some of the traversed by streams. standard works on London make the singular error of describing these bridges as identical with the landing-places, thereby placing them at the wrong end of their respective lanes, as in the following extract from Cunningham's 'Handbook for London' (1849): : "Ivy Bridge, Ivy Lane, Strand. A pier and bridge at the bottom of Ivy-bridge-lane."-Vol. ii. p. 419. "Strand Lane......led, in the olden time, to Strand-bridge (or pier), in the same way that Ivylane, in the Strand, led to Ivy-bridge (or pier)." Vol. ii. p. 787. Apparently based on these entries, Thornbury, in Old and New London,' records similar errors (iii. 77, 101); although, singularly enough, he alludes to "Strand Bridge,' as applied by Stow and others to a bridge in the Strand" (iii. 77). Cunningham may possibly have been misled by the plan of the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields contained in Strype's edition of Stow published in 1755, which shows the whole length of Ivy Lane, but is lettered only at its river end as "Ivy Bridge" (ii. 650). When these bridges were removed is unknown; most probably their removal took place in the sixteenth century, some time after the Strand was paved. The following are the points of interest connected with Ivy Lane: 1. It was one of the landing-places for goods for Covent Garden Market. 2. In 1584 Queen Elizabeth gave Durham House to Sir W. Ralegh, and he resided there until he was deprived of it by James I. in 1603. Ivy Lane formed the original boundary of the Durham estate, and separated it from the land on its eastern side, on which Sir Robert Cecil (afterwards Earl of Salisbury) erected Salisbury House. 3. As recorded by Stow, it "parteth the Liberty of the Dutchie, and the Citie Westminster on that South side" (491). 4. The Duke of York (afterwards James II.) was taken prisoner in 1648, and confined in St. James's Palace, whence he escaped, and, passing down Ivy Lane, took a boat at the stairs there, and proceeded to Gravesend, and ultimately to Rotterdam. 5. Amongst the documents belonging to St. Martin in the Fields is one headed "Rate towardes the repaires of Ivey Bridge, 1651." And in the churchwardens' accounts of the same parish for the same year "there is given the details of a collection from 'persons of Honour and others not liveing in this parish towards the repaire of Ivey Bridge, that they might goe with their horses to water'" (Catalogue, &c., pp. 3-4). The continuation of its use for this purpose may (although a century later) have led Strype in 1755 to complain of the passage being "very bad, and scarce fit for Use, by Reason of the Unpassableness of the Way" (650). 6. It was thus noticed by Pepys in 1669: "March 22. To several cook's shops, where nothing to be had; and at last to the corner shop, going down Ivy Lane, by my Lord of Salisbury's, and there got a good dinner." 7. During the first decade of the reign of Queen Victoria, it was well known to, and extensively used by, the public, as the approach to the pier from which the "half. penny" (not the "penny" ones, as stated by Cunningham) boats plied to and from London Bridge. A man in a red coat stood at the Strand entrance to the lane to guide passengers. The service of boats consisted of the Ant, the Bee, and the Cricket; but after the disastrous explosion of the last named in August, 1847, the service was discontinued. T. N. BRUSHFIELD, M.D. SIR GILBERT PICKERING, OF TITCHMARSH. IN 3rd S. i. 270 C. J. R. wished to know what relationship existed between the branch of Pickerings at Whaddon (baronetcy created 1661) and that of Titchmarsh, previous to the marriage of Sidney Pickering. The will of Lucy Pickering (dated 6 July, 1680), of Aldwinckle, Northants, single woman, mentions "Sir John Pickering of Titchmarsh"; "her sister Susanna P."; "her brother Mr. John P., deceased"; "her adopted son, Mr. Gilbert P. (son and heir apparent of Sir John P.)"; "her sister Mrs. Mary Allin"; "her nephew Sir Henry P."; "her nephew Mr. Charles Dryden [spelt Draiden]"; "her nephew Mr. Robert Elton "her nephew and godson Erasmus Lauton." In Wotton's 'The English Baronetage,' vol. i. p. 352, London, 1741, the third son, Erasmus Dryden, of Titchmarsh, in com. Northton., Esq., married Mary, daughter of John Pickering, D.D., rector of Aldwinckle, by whom he had four sons and ten daughters: 1. John, the Poet-Laureate, &c. Again, at p. 358, Charles, the eldest (son of John, PoetLaureate). 6 In Burke's Peerage and Baronetage,' 1857, p. 324 (under Dryden), 3, Erasmus, of Titchmarsh, co. Northampton, married Mary, daughter of Rev. John Pickering, D.D., and had, (together) with daughters, four sons, &c. In Betham's Baronetage,' vol. iv., 1804, p. 273 (under Dryden), 3. Erasmus Dryden, of Titchmarsh, in Northampton, Esq., who married Mary, daughter of John Pickering, D.D., rector of Aldwinckle, by whom he had four sons and ten daughters: 1, John, the Poet-Laureate, &c. Of the daughters, 2, Rose, was wife of Laughton, D.D., of Catworth,. &c. Again, at p. 277, John, the PoetLaureate, married Lady Elizabeth Howard, and had issue three sons, viz., Charles, John, and Henry. Although Wotton, Burke, and Betham each state that Erasmus Dryden married Mary, daughter of John Pickering, D.D., other authorities state that Mary was the daughter of Henry Pickering, D.D. See Whalley's edition of Bridges's History of Northamptonshire,' vol. ii. p. 211 :— "In the Parsonage house of Aldwincle All Saints. was born Mr. Dryden the Poet, whose Mother was daughter of Mr. Henry Pickering, rector of the ing, of Titchmarsh, son and heir 1619, who Parish." Again, at p. 210: "Boniface Pickering was Patron from 1568 onwards, during which time Henry Pickering was Rector for ten years, dying in 1657." [He appears to be the only incumbent of the name of Pickering.] In Baker's History of Northampton' is given the Dryden pedigree, in which Erasmus Dryden, of Titchmarsh, who was buried in the "Pickering vault," 18 June, 1654, at. 66, married Mary, daughter of the Rev. Henry Pickering, rector of Aldwinckle, also buried in the Pickering vault at Titchmarsh, 14 June, 1676. Baker states that the poet Dryden was born at Aldwinckle, 1631, and married Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Thomas Howard, Earl of Berkshire. She died 1 May, 1701. Maunder's Biographical Treasury' states (under the poet Dryden) that in 1657 he was secretary to his relation Sir Gilbert Pickering, who was one of Cromwell's Council; that he was made Poet-Laureate in 1667, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, 1700. Elizabeth Creed, only surviving daughter of Sir Gilbert Pickering, first baronet, is responsible for a number of excellent epitaphs in Titchmarsh Church. Amongst these, in 1722, in the eightieth year of her age, she wrote this: "Here lies the honoured remains of Erasmus Dryden, esq., and Mrs. Mary Pickering, his wife. He was the third son of Sir Erasmus Dryden, an ancient Baronet, who lived with great honour in this country in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Mr. Dryden was a very ingenious worthy Gentleman and Justice of the Peace in this county. He married Mrs. Mary Pickering, daughter of the Reverend Dr. Pickering, of Aldwinkle, and Granddaughter of Sir Gilbert Pickering, Kt. Of her it may be truly said," &c. In searching the Visitations of Northamptonshire we find that a gap between those of 1564 and those of 1618-9. Occurs Wotton remarks on this gap in The English Baronetage, vol. iv. pp. 346-7, London, 1741: "Sir Gilbert Pickering, of Titchmarsh, Knt., eldest son and heir [of John Pickering, of Titchmarsh]. N.B. By the Inquisition I think it plain that the vacuum between the two visitations is rightly filled up, and the age of Sir John, successor to Sir Gilbert, very well answers; but this Sir Gilbert's Lady or younger children cannot by it be found." In the 'Visitations, Northants, made in 1564 and 1618-9,' edited by Walter C. Metcalf, F.S. A., London, 1887, we find that Sir Gilbert Pickering, of Titchmarsh, Knt. (son and heir of John Pickering, of Titchmarsh), married Elizabeth, daughter of Haggard, of Born, Cambs, and had issue John Picker married Susan, daughter of Erasmus Dryden, of Canons Ashby, Northants, Esq.; Mary; Frances, sp.; Elizabeth, uxor of Robert Horsman, of Kensington, co. Middlesex. would add another son to Sir Gilbert's issue The tombstone evidence mentioned above (according to Metcalf), viz., Rev. Dr. Pickering, who, according to Whalley-Bridges, was Henry Pickering, rector of Aldwinckle, who died in 1657, sepult. Aldwinckle, thus : : Here lyeth the body of Henry Pickering, 1657, æt. 73. Lucy Pickering, whose will is dated 6 July, 1680, is probably another child of Sir Gilbert Pickering, deceased," was physician of AldPickering, and "her brother Mr. John winckle, and his arms prove his identity. A brass in Aldwinckle All Saints', fixed on the wall in the fourth aisle, bears the following arms and inscription: Ermine, a lion ramchaplets (gules, for Lascelles). pant (azure, for Pickering), quartering threelion's gamb. (erect and erased az., armed or, Pickering). Crest, a Veni Creator. Here resteth the body of John Pickering, Who dyed the 8th day of October, 1659. ; Reader thou art sick to death, more danger in Thy soul the less thou feelest, purge out thy sin; Oh seeke to live (I studied cures) and found Christ's precious blood left balm for every wound: Dear eye, peruse, refourme, redeem, fulfill, My lines, thy life, thy tyme, God's holie will. The deceased I. P. wrote this epitaph 1652, æt. lvi. Abi Viator. her sister-in-law, Sir John Pickering's wife, Lucy's "sister Susanna P." might refer to Mrs. Mary Allin," is perhaps the daughter Susan or Susanna Dryden. quoted by Metcalf in the 'Visits. Northants.' As Edward Dryden married Elizabeth, sister of Edward Allen, or Allin, of Finchley, it is of Sir Thomas Allen, or Allin, and daughter not at all improbable that Mary Pickering also married into this family. "Her nephew · "Her sister Sir Henry Pickering" is very probably thebaronet of Whaddon (created 1661; and it may be he that was knighted 1 Feb, 1657; Complete Baronetage,' states, "Sir Henry see Metcalf, A Book of Knights'). G. E. C., Pickering, 1st Bart. of Whaddon, was the only son of the Rev. Henry Pickering, D.D., rector of Aldwincle"; and if this be the case, it affords sufficient proof that Lucy must have been a sister to the Rev. Henry Pickering, since how else could she have |